python-tempita 0.5.2-1 / usr / share / pyshared / tempita / __init__.py

"""
A small templating language

This implements a small templating language.  This language implements
if/elif/else, for/continue/break, expressions, and blocks of Python
code.  The syntax is::

  {{any expression (function calls etc)}}
  {{any expression | filter}}
  {{for x in y}}...{{endfor}}
  {{if x}}x{{elif y}}y{{else}}z{{endif}}
  {{py:x=1}}
  {{py:
  def foo(bar):
      return 'baz'
  }}
  {{default var = default_value}}
  {{# comment}}

You use this with the ``Template`` class or the ``sub`` shortcut.
The ``Template`` class takes the template string and the name of
the template (for errors) and a default namespace.  Then (like
``string.Template``) you can call the ``tmpl.substitute(**kw)``
method to make a substitution (or ``tmpl.substitute(a_dict)``).

``sub(content, **kw)`` substitutes the template immediately.  You
can use ``__name='tmpl.html'`` to set the name of the template.

If there are syntax errors ``TemplateError`` will be raised.
"""

import re
import sys
import cgi
from urllib import quote as url_quote
import os
import tokenize
from cStringIO import StringIO
from tempita._looper import looper
from tempita.compat3 import bytes, basestring_, next, is_unicode, coerce_text

__all__ = ['TemplateError', 'Template', 'sub', 'HTMLTemplate',
           'sub_html', 'html', 'bunch']

in_re = re.compile(r'\s+in\s+')
var_re = re.compile(r'^[a-z_][a-z0-9_]*$', re.I)


class TemplateError(Exception):
    """Exception raised while parsing a template
    """

    def __init__(self, message, position, name=None):
        Exception.__init__(self, message)
        self.position = position
        self.name = name

    def __str__(self):
        msg = ' '.join(self.args)
        if self.position:
            msg = '%s at line %s column %s' % (
                msg, self.position[0], self.position[1])
        if self.name:
            msg += ' in %s' % self.name
        return msg


class _TemplateContinue(Exception):
    pass


class _TemplateBreak(Exception):
    pass


def get_file_template(name, from_template):
    path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(from_template.name), name)
    return from_template.__class__.from_filename(
        path, namespace=from_template.namespace,
        get_template=from_template.get_template)


class Template(object):

    default_namespace = {
        'start_braces': '{{',
        'end_braces': '}}',
        'looper': looper,
        }

    default_encoding = 'utf8'
    default_inherit = None

    def __init__(self, content, name=None, namespace=None, stacklevel=None,
                 get_template=None, default_inherit=None, line_offset=0,
                 delimiters=None):
        self.content = content

        # set delimiters
        if delimiters is None:
            delimiters = (self.default_namespace['start_braces'],
                          self.default_namespace['end_braces'])
        else:
            assert len(delimiters) == 2 and all([isinstance(delimeter, basestring)
                                                 for delimeter in delimiters])
            self.default_namespace = self.__class__.default_namespace.copy()
            self.default_namespace['start_braces'] = delimiters[0]
            self.default_namespace['end_braces'] = delimiters[1]
        self.delimiters = delimiters

        self._unicode = is_unicode(content)
        if name is None and stacklevel is not None:
            try:
                caller = sys._getframe(stacklevel)
            except ValueError:
                pass
            else:
                globals = caller.f_globals
                lineno = caller.f_lineno
                if '__file__' in globals:
                    name = globals['__file__']
                    if name.endswith('.pyc') or name.endswith('.pyo'):
                        name = name[:-1]
                elif '__name__' in globals:
                    name = globals['__name__']
                else:
                    name = '<string>'
                if lineno:
                    name += ':%s' % lineno
        self.name = name
        self._parsed = parse(content, name=name, line_offset=line_offset, delimiters=self.delimiters)
        if namespace is None:
            namespace = {}
        self.namespace = namespace
        self.get_template = get_template
        if default_inherit is not None:
            self.default_inherit = default_inherit

    def from_filename(cls, filename, namespace=None, encoding=None,
                      default_inherit=None, get_template=get_file_template):
        f = open(filename, 'rb')
        c = f.read()
        f.close()
        if encoding:
            c = c.decode(encoding)
        return cls(content=c, name=filename, namespace=namespace,
                   default_inherit=default_inherit, get_template=get_template)

    from_filename = classmethod(from_filename)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<%s %s name=%r>' % (
            self.__class__.__name__,
            hex(id(self))[2:], self.name)

    def substitute(self, *args, **kw):
        if args:
            if kw:
                raise TypeError(
                    "You can only give positional *or* keyword arguments")
            if len(args) > 1:
                raise TypeError(
                    "You can only give one positional argument")
            if not hasattr(args[0], 'items'):
                raise TypeError(
                    "If you pass in a single argument, you must pass in a dictionary-like object (with a .items() method); you gave %r"
                    % (args[0],))
            kw = args[0]
        ns = kw
        ns['__template_name__'] = self.name
        if self.namespace:
            ns.update(self.namespace)
        result, defs, inherit = self._interpret(ns)
        if not inherit:
            inherit = self.default_inherit
        if inherit:
            result = self._interpret_inherit(result, defs, inherit, ns)
        return result

    def _interpret(self, ns):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        parts = []
        defs = {}
        self._interpret_codes(self._parsed, ns, out=parts, defs=defs)
        if '__inherit__' in defs:
            inherit = defs.pop('__inherit__')
        else:
            inherit = None
        return ''.join(parts), defs, inherit

    def _interpret_inherit(self, body, defs, inherit_template, ns):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        if not self.get_template:
            raise TemplateError(
                'You cannot use inheritance without passing in get_template',
                position=None, name=self.name)
        templ = self.get_template(inherit_template, self)
        self_ = TemplateObject(self.name)
        for name, value in defs.iteritems():
            setattr(self_, name, value)
        self_.body = body
        ns = ns.copy()
        ns['self'] = self_
        return templ.substitute(ns)

    def _interpret_codes(self, codes, ns, out, defs):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        for item in codes:
            if isinstance(item, basestring_):
                out.append(item)
            else:
                self._interpret_code(item, ns, out, defs)

    def _interpret_code(self, code, ns, out, defs):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        name, pos = code[0], code[1]
        if name == 'py':
            self._exec(code[2], ns, pos)
        elif name == 'continue':
            raise _TemplateContinue()
        elif name == 'break':
            raise _TemplateBreak()
        elif name == 'for':
            vars, expr, content = code[2], code[3], code[4]
            expr = self._eval(expr, ns, pos)
            self._interpret_for(vars, expr, content, ns, out, defs)
        elif name == 'cond':
            parts = code[2:]
            self._interpret_if(parts, ns, out, defs)
        elif name == 'expr':
            parts = code[2].split('|')
            base = self._eval(parts[0], ns, pos)
            for part in parts[1:]:
                func = self._eval(part, ns, pos)
                base = func(base)
            out.append(self._repr(base, pos))
        elif name == 'default':
            var, expr = code[2], code[3]
            if var not in ns:
                result = self._eval(expr, ns, pos)
                ns[var] = result
        elif name == 'inherit':
            expr = code[2]
            value = self._eval(expr, ns, pos)
            defs['__inherit__'] = value
        elif name == 'def':
            name = code[2]
            signature = code[3]
            parts = code[4]
            ns[name] = defs[name] = TemplateDef(self, name, signature, body=parts, ns=ns,
                                                pos=pos)
        elif name == 'comment':
            return
        else:
            assert 0, "Unknown code: %r" % name

    def _interpret_for(self, vars, expr, content, ns, out, defs):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        for item in expr:
            if len(vars) == 1:
                ns[vars[0]] = item
            else:
                if len(vars) != len(item):
                    raise ValueError(
                        'Need %i items to unpack (got %i items)'
                        % (len(vars), len(item)))
                for name, value in zip(vars, item):
                    ns[name] = value
            try:
                self._interpret_codes(content, ns, out, defs)
            except _TemplateContinue:
                continue
            except _TemplateBreak:
                break

    def _interpret_if(self, parts, ns, out, defs):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        # @@: if/else/else gets through
        for part in parts:
            assert not isinstance(part, basestring_)
            name, pos = part[0], part[1]
            if name == 'else':
                result = True
            else:
                result = self._eval(part[2], ns, pos)
            if result:
                self._interpret_codes(part[3], ns, out, defs)
                break

    def _eval(self, code, ns, pos):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        try:
            try:
                value = eval(code, self.default_namespace, ns)
            except SyntaxError, e:
                raise SyntaxError(
                    'invalid syntax in expression: %s' % code)
            return value
        except:
            exc_info = sys.exc_info()
            e = exc_info[1]
            if getattr(e, 'args', None):
                arg0 = e.args[0]
            else:
                arg0 = coerce_text(e)
            e.args = (self._add_line_info(arg0, pos),)
            raise exc_info[0], e, exc_info[2]

    def _exec(self, code, ns, pos):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        try:
            exec code in self.default_namespace, ns
        except:
            exc_info = sys.exc_info()
            e = exc_info[1]
            if e.args:
                e.args = (self._add_line_info(e.args[0], pos),)
            else:
                e.args = (self._add_line_info(None, pos),)
            raise exc_info[0], e, exc_info[2]

    def _repr(self, value, pos):
        __traceback_hide__ = True
        try:
            if value is None:
                return ''
            if self._unicode:
                try:
                    value = unicode(value)
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    value = bytes(value)
            else:
                if not isinstance(value, basestring_):
                    value = coerce_text(value)
                if (is_unicode(value)
                    and self.default_encoding):
                    value = value.encode(self.default_encoding)
        except:
            exc_info = sys.exc_info()
            e = exc_info[1]
            e.args = (self._add_line_info(e.args[0], pos),)
            raise exc_info[0], e, exc_info[2]
        else:
            if self._unicode and isinstance(value, bytes):
                if not self.default_encoding:
                    raise UnicodeDecodeError(
                        'Cannot decode bytes value %r into unicode '
                        '(no default_encoding provided)' % value)
                try:
                    value = value.decode(self.default_encoding)
                except UnicodeDecodeError, e:
                    raise UnicodeDecodeError(
                        e.encoding,
                        e.object,
                        e.start,
                        e.end,
                        e.reason + ' in string %r' % value)
            elif not self._unicode and is_unicode(value):
                if not self.default_encoding:
                    raise UnicodeEncodeError(
                        'Cannot encode unicode value %r into bytes '
                        '(no default_encoding provided)' % value)
                value = value.encode(self.default_encoding)
            return value

    def _add_line_info(self, msg, pos):
        msg = "%s at line %s column %s" % (
            msg, pos[0], pos[1])
        if self.name:
            msg += " in file %s" % self.name
        return msg


def sub(content, delimiters=None, **kw):
    name = kw.get('__name')
    tmpl = Template(content, name=name, delimiters=delimiters)
    return tmpl.substitute(kw)


def paste_script_template_renderer(content, vars, filename=None):
    tmpl = Template(content, name=filename)
    return tmpl.substitute(vars)


class bunch(dict):

    def __init__(self, **kw):
        for name, value in kw.iteritems():
            setattr(self, name, value)

    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
        self[name] = value

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        try:
            return self[name]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError(name)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if 'default' in self:
            try:
                return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
            except KeyError:
                return dict.__getitem__(self, 'default')
        else:
            return dict.__getitem__(self, key)

    def __repr__(self):
        items = [
            (k, v) for k, v in self.iteritems()]
        items.sort()
        return '<%s %s>' % (
            self.__class__.__name__,
            ' '.join(['%s=%r' % (k, v) for k, v in items]))

############################################################
## HTML Templating
############################################################


class html(object):

    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value

    def __str__(self):
        return self.value

    def __html__(self):
        return self.value

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<%s %r>' % (
            self.__class__.__name__, self.value)


def html_quote(value, force=True):
    if not force and hasattr(value, '__html__'):
        return value.__html__()
    if value is None:
        return ''
    if not isinstance(value, basestring_):
        value = coerce_text(value)
    if sys.version >= "3" and isinstance(value, bytes):
        value = cgi.escape(value.decode('latin1'), 1)
        value = value.encode('latin1')
    else:
        value = cgi.escape(value, 1)
    if sys.version < "3":
        if is_unicode(value):
            value = value.encode('ascii', 'xmlcharrefreplace')
    return value


def url(v):
    v = coerce_text(v)
    if is_unicode(v):
        v = v.encode('utf8')
    return url_quote(v)


def attr(**kw):
    kw = list(kw.iteritems())
    kw.sort()
    parts = []
    for name, value in kw:
        if value is None:
            continue
        if name.endswith('_'):
            name = name[:-1]
        parts.append('%s="%s"' % (html_quote(name), html_quote(value)))
    return html(' '.join(parts))


class HTMLTemplate(Template):

    default_namespace = Template.default_namespace.copy()
    default_namespace.update(dict(
        html=html,
        attr=attr,
        url=url,
        html_quote=html_quote,
        ))

    def _repr(self, value, pos):
        if hasattr(value, '__html__'):
            value = value.__html__()
            quote = False
        else:
            quote = True
        plain = Template._repr(self, value, pos)
        if quote:
            return html_quote(plain)
        else:
            return plain


def sub_html(content, **kw):
    name = kw.get('__name')
    tmpl = HTMLTemplate(content, name=name)
    return tmpl.substitute(kw)


class TemplateDef(object):
    def __init__(self, template, func_name, func_signature,
                 body, ns, pos, bound_self=None):
        self._template = template
        self._func_name = func_name
        self._func_signature = func_signature
        self._body = body
        self._ns = ns
        self._pos = pos
        self._bound_self = bound_self

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<tempita function %s(%s) at %s:%s>' % (
            self._func_name, self._func_signature,
            self._template.name, self._pos)

    def __str__(self):
        return self()

    def __call__(self, *args, **kw):
        values = self._parse_signature(args, kw)
        ns = self._ns.copy()
        ns.update(values)
        if self._bound_self is not None:
            ns['self'] = self._bound_self
        out = []
        subdefs = {}
        self._template._interpret_codes(self._body, ns, out, subdefs)
        return ''.join(out)

    def __get__(self, obj, type=None):
        if obj is None:
            return self
        return self.__class__(
            self._template, self._func_name, self._func_signature,
            self._body, self._ns, self._pos, bound_self=obj)

    def _parse_signature(self, args, kw):
        values = {}
        sig_args, var_args, var_kw, defaults = self._func_signature
        extra_kw = {}
        for name, value in kw.iteritems():
            if not var_kw and name not in sig_args:
                raise TypeError(
                    'Unexpected argument %s' % name)
            if name in sig_args:
                values[sig_args] = value
            else:
                extra_kw[name] = value
        args = list(args)
        sig_args = list(sig_args)
        while args:
            while sig_args and sig_args[0] in values:
                sig_args.pop(0)
            if sig_args:
                name = sig_args.pop(0)
                values[name] = args.pop(0)
            elif var_args:
                values[var_args] = tuple(args)
                break
            else:
                raise TypeError(
                    'Extra position arguments: %s'
                    % ', '.join(repr(v) for v in args))
        for name, value_expr in defaults.iteritems():
            if name not in values:
                values[name] = self._template._eval(
                    value_expr, self._ns, self._pos)
        for name in sig_args:
            if name not in values:
                raise TypeError(
                    'Missing argument: %s' % name)
        if var_kw:
            values[var_kw] = extra_kw
        return values


class TemplateObject(object):

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.__name = name
        self.get = TemplateObjectGetter(self)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<%s %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.__name)


class TemplateObjectGetter(object):

    def __init__(self, template_obj):
        self.__template_obj = template_obj

    def __getattr__(self, attr):
        return getattr(self.__template_obj, attr, Empty)

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<%s around %r>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.__template_obj)


class _Empty(object):
    def __call__(self, *args, **kw):
        return self

    def __str__(self):
        return ''

    def __repr__(self):
        return 'Empty'

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u''

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(())

    def __bool__(self):
        return False

    if sys.version < "3":
        __nonzero__ = __bool__

Empty = _Empty()
del _Empty

############################################################
## Lexing and Parsing
############################################################


def lex(s, name=None, trim_whitespace=True, line_offset=0, delimiters=None):
    """
    Lex a string into chunks:

        >>> lex('hey')
        ['hey']
        >>> lex('hey {{you}}')
        ['hey ', ('you', (1, 7))]
        >>> lex('hey {{')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: No }} to finish last expression at line 1 column 7
        >>> lex('hey }}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: }} outside expression at line 1 column 7
        >>> lex('hey {{ {{')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: {{ inside expression at line 1 column 10

    """
    if delimiters is None:
        delimiters = ( Template.default_namespace['start_braces'],
                       Template.default_namespace['end_braces'] )
    in_expr = False
    chunks = []
    last = 0
    last_pos = (1, 1)
    token_re = re.compile(r'%s|%s' % (re.escape(delimiters[0]),
                                      re.escape(delimiters[1])))
    for match in token_re.finditer(s):
        expr = match.group(0)
        pos = find_position(s, match.end(), line_offset)
        if expr == delimiters[0] and in_expr:
            raise TemplateError('%s inside expression' % delimiters[0],
                                position=pos,
                                name=name)
        elif expr == delimiters[1] and not in_expr:
            raise TemplateError('%s outside expression' % delimiters[1],
                                position=pos,
                                name=name)
        if expr == delimiters[0]:
            part = s[last:match.start()]
            if part:
                chunks.append(part)
            in_expr = True
        else:
            chunks.append((s[last:match.start()], last_pos))
            in_expr = False
        last = match.end()
        last_pos = pos
    if in_expr:
        raise TemplateError('No %s to finish last expression' % delimiters[1],
                            name=name, position=last_pos)
    part = s[last:]
    if part:
        chunks.append(part)
    if trim_whitespace:
        chunks = trim_lex(chunks)
    return chunks

statement_re = re.compile(r'^(?:if |elif |for |def |inherit |default |py:)')
single_statements = ['else', 'endif', 'endfor', 'enddef', 'continue', 'break']
trail_whitespace_re = re.compile(r'\n\r?[\t ]*$')
lead_whitespace_re = re.compile(r'^[\t ]*\n')


def trim_lex(tokens):
    r"""
    Takes a lexed set of tokens, and removes whitespace when there is
    a directive on a line by itself:

       >>> tokens = lex('{{if x}}\nx\n{{endif}}\ny', trim_whitespace=False)
       >>> tokens
       [('if x', (1, 3)), '\nx\n', ('endif', (3, 3)), '\ny']
       >>> trim_lex(tokens)
       [('if x', (1, 3)), 'x\n', ('endif', (3, 3)), 'y']
    """
    last_trim = None
    for i in range(len(tokens)):
        current = tokens[i]
        if isinstance(tokens[i], basestring_):
            # we don't trim this
            continue
        item = current[0]
        if not statement_re.search(item) and item not in single_statements:
            continue
        if not i:
            prev = ''
        else:
            prev = tokens[i - 1]
        if i + 1 >= len(tokens):
            next_chunk = ''
        else:
            next_chunk = tokens[i + 1]
        if (not isinstance(next_chunk, basestring_)
            or not isinstance(prev, basestring_)):
            continue
        prev_ok = not prev or trail_whitespace_re.search(prev)
        if i == 1 and not prev.strip():
            prev_ok = True
        if last_trim is not None and last_trim + 2 == i and not prev.strip():
            prev_ok = 'last'
        if (prev_ok
            and (not next_chunk or lead_whitespace_re.search(next_chunk)
                 or (i == len(tokens) - 2 and not next_chunk.strip()))):
            if prev:
                if ((i == 1 and not prev.strip())
                    or prev_ok == 'last'):
                    tokens[i - 1] = ''
                else:
                    m = trail_whitespace_re.search(prev)
                    # +1 to leave the leading \n on:
                    prev = prev[:m.start() + 1]
                    tokens[i - 1] = prev
            if next_chunk:
                last_trim = i
                if i == len(tokens) - 2 and not next_chunk.strip():
                    tokens[i + 1] = ''
                else:
                    m = lead_whitespace_re.search(next_chunk)
                    next_chunk = next_chunk[m.end():]
                    tokens[i + 1] = next_chunk
    return tokens


def find_position(string, index, line_offset):
    """Given a string and index, return (line, column)"""
    leading = string[:index].splitlines()
    return (len(leading) + line_offset, len(leading[-1]) + 1)


def parse(s, name=None, line_offset=0, delimiters=None):
    r"""
    Parses a string into a kind of AST

        >>> parse('{{x}}')
        [('expr', (1, 3), 'x')]
        >>> parse('foo')
        ['foo']
        >>> parse('{{if x}}test{{endif}}')
        [('cond', (1, 3), ('if', (1, 3), 'x', ['test']))]
        >>> parse('series->{{for x in y}}x={{x}}{{endfor}}')
        ['series->', ('for', (1, 11), ('x',), 'y', ['x=', ('expr', (1, 27), 'x')])]
        >>> parse('{{for x, y in z:}}{{continue}}{{endfor}}')
        [('for', (1, 3), ('x', 'y'), 'z', [('continue', (1, 21))])]
        >>> parse('{{py:x=1}}')
        [('py', (1, 3), 'x=1')]
        >>> parse('{{if x}}a{{elif y}}b{{else}}c{{endif}}')
        [('cond', (1, 3), ('if', (1, 3), 'x', ['a']), ('elif', (1, 12), 'y', ['b']), ('else', (1, 23), None, ['c']))]

    Some exceptions::

        >>> parse('{{continue}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: continue outside of for loop at line 1 column 3
        >>> parse('{{if x}}foo')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: No {{endif}} at line 1 column 3
        >>> parse('{{else}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: else outside of an if block at line 1 column 3
        >>> parse('{{if x}}{{for x in y}}{{endif}}{{endfor}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: Unexpected endif at line 1 column 25
        >>> parse('{{if}}{{endif}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: if with no expression at line 1 column 3
        >>> parse('{{for x y}}{{endfor}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: Bad for (no "in") in 'x y' at line 1 column 3
        >>> parse('{{py:x=1\ny=2}}')
        Traceback (most recent call last):
            ...
        TemplateError: Multi-line py blocks must start with a newline at line 1 column 3
    """
    if delimiters is None:
        delimiters = ( Template.default_namespace['start_braces'],
                       Template.default_namespace['end_braces'] )
    tokens = lex(s, name=name, line_offset=line_offset, delimiters=delimiters)
    result = []
    while tokens:
        next_chunk, tokens = parse_expr(tokens, name)
        result.append(next_chunk)
    return result


def parse_expr(tokens, name, context=()):
    if isinstance(tokens[0], basestring_):
        return tokens[0], tokens[1:]
    expr, pos = tokens[0]
    expr = expr.strip()
    if expr.startswith('py:'):
        expr = expr[3:].lstrip(' \t')
        if expr.startswith('\n') or expr.startswith('\r'):
            expr = expr.lstrip('\r\n')
            if '\r' in expr:
                expr = expr.replace('\r\n', '\n')
                expr = expr.replace('\r', '')
            expr += '\n'
        else:
            if '\n' in expr:
                raise TemplateError(
                    'Multi-line py blocks must start with a newline',
                    position=pos, name=name)
        return ('py', pos, expr), tokens[1:]
    elif expr in ('continue', 'break'):
        if 'for' not in context:
            raise TemplateError(
                'continue outside of for loop',
                position=pos, name=name)
        return (expr, pos), tokens[1:]
    elif expr.startswith('if '):
        return parse_cond(tokens, name, context)
    elif (expr.startswith('elif ')
          or expr == 'else'):
        raise TemplateError(
            '%s outside of an if block' % expr.split()[0],
            position=pos, name=name)
    elif expr in ('if', 'elif', 'for'):
        raise TemplateError(
            '%s with no expression' % expr,
            position=pos, name=name)
    elif expr in ('endif', 'endfor', 'enddef'):
        raise TemplateError(
            'Unexpected %s' % expr,
            position=pos, name=name)
    elif expr.startswith('for '):
        return parse_for(tokens, name, context)
    elif expr.startswith('default '):
        return parse_default(tokens, name, context)
    elif expr.startswith('inherit '):
        return parse_inherit(tokens, name, context)
    elif expr.startswith('def '):
        return parse_def(tokens, name, context)
    elif expr.startswith('#'):
        return ('comment', pos, tokens[0][0]), tokens[1:]
    return ('expr', pos, tokens[0][0]), tokens[1:]


def parse_cond(tokens, name, context):
    start = tokens[0][1]
    pieces = []
    context = context + ('if',)
    while 1:
        if not tokens:
            raise TemplateError(
                'Missing {{endif}}',
                position=start, name=name)
        if (isinstance(tokens[0], tuple)
            and tokens[0][0] == 'endif'):
            return ('cond', start) + tuple(pieces), tokens[1:]
        next_chunk, tokens = parse_one_cond(tokens, name, context)
        pieces.append(next_chunk)


def parse_one_cond(tokens, name, context):
    (first, pos), tokens = tokens[0], tokens[1:]
    content = []
    if first.endswith(':'):
        first = first[:-1]
    if first.startswith('if '):
        part = ('if', pos, first[3:].lstrip(), content)
    elif first.startswith('elif '):
        part = ('elif', pos, first[5:].lstrip(), content)
    elif first == 'else':
        part = ('else', pos, None, content)
    else:
        assert 0, "Unexpected token %r at %s" % (first, pos)
    while 1:
        if not tokens:
            raise TemplateError(
                'No {{endif}}',
                position=pos, name=name)
        if (isinstance(tokens[0], tuple)
            and (tokens[0][0] == 'endif'
                 or tokens[0][0].startswith('elif ')
                 or tokens[0][0] == 'else')):
            return part, tokens
        next_chunk, tokens = parse_expr(tokens, name, context)
        content.append(next_chunk)


def parse_for(tokens, name, context):
    first, pos = tokens[0]
    tokens = tokens[1:]
    context = ('for',) + context
    content = []
    assert first.startswith('for ')
    if first.endswith(':'):
        first = first[:-1]
    first = first[3:].strip()
    match = in_re.search(first)
    if not match:
        raise TemplateError(
            'Bad for (no "in") in %r' % first,
            position=pos, name=name)
    vars = first[:match.start()]
    if '(' in vars:
        raise TemplateError(
            'You cannot have () in the variable section of a for loop (%r)'
            % vars, position=pos, name=name)
    vars = tuple([
        v.strip() for v in first[:match.start()].split(',')
        if v.strip()])
    expr = first[match.end():]
    while 1:
        if not tokens:
            raise TemplateError(
                'No {{endfor}}',
                position=pos, name=name)
        if (isinstance(tokens[0], tuple)
            and tokens[0][0] == 'endfor'):
            return ('for', pos, vars, expr, content), tokens[1:]
        next_chunk, tokens = parse_expr(tokens, name, context)
        content.append(next_chunk)


def parse_default(tokens, name, context):
    first, pos = tokens[0]
    assert first.startswith('default ')
    first = first.split(None, 1)[1]
    parts = first.split('=', 1)
    if len(parts) == 1:
        raise TemplateError(
            "Expression must be {{default var=value}}; no = found in %r" % first,
            position=pos, name=name)
    var = parts[0].strip()
    if ',' in var:
        raise TemplateError(
            "{{default x, y = ...}} is not supported",
            position=pos, name=name)
    if not var_re.search(var):
        raise TemplateError(
            "Not a valid variable name for {{default}}: %r"
            % var, position=pos, name=name)
    expr = parts[1].strip()
    return ('default', pos, var, expr), tokens[1:]


def parse_inherit(tokens, name, context):
    first, pos = tokens[0]
    assert first.startswith('inherit ')
    expr = first.split(None, 1)[1]
    return ('inherit', pos, expr), tokens[1:]


def parse_def(tokens, name, context):
    first, start = tokens[0]
    tokens = tokens[1:]
    assert first.startswith('def ')
    first = first.split(None, 1)[1]
    if first.endswith(':'):
        first = first[:-1]
    if '(' not in first:
        func_name = first
        sig = ((), None, None, {})
    elif not first.endswith(')'):
        raise TemplateError("Function definition doesn't end with ): %s" % first,
                            position=start, name=name)
    else:
        first = first[:-1]
        func_name, sig_text = first.split('(', 1)
        sig = parse_signature(sig_text, name, start)
    context = context + ('def',)
    content = []
    while 1:
        if not tokens:
            raise TemplateError(
                'Missing {{enddef}}',
                position=start, name=name)
        if (isinstance(tokens[0], tuple)
            and tokens[0][0] == 'enddef'):
            return ('def', start, func_name, sig, content), tokens[1:]
        next_chunk, tokens = parse_expr(tokens, name, context)
        content.append(next_chunk)


def parse_signature(sig_text, name, pos):
    tokens = tokenize.generate_tokens(StringIO(sig_text).readline)
    sig_args = []
    var_arg = None
    var_kw = None
    defaults = {}

    def get_token(pos=False):
        try:
            tok_type, tok_string, (srow, scol), (erow, ecol), line = next(tokens)
        except StopIteration:
            return tokenize.ENDMARKER, ''
        if pos:
            return tok_type, tok_string, (srow, scol), (erow, ecol)
        else:
            return tok_type, tok_string
    while 1:
        var_arg_type = None
        tok_type, tok_string = get_token()
        if tok_type == tokenize.ENDMARKER:
            break
        if tok_type == tokenize.OP and (tok_string == '*' or tok_string == '**'):
            var_arg_type = tok_string
            tok_type, tok_string = get_token()
        if tok_type != tokenize.NAME:
            raise TemplateError('Invalid signature: (%s)' % sig_text,
                                position=pos, name=name)
        var_name = tok_string
        tok_type, tok_string = get_token()
        if tok_type == tokenize.ENDMARKER or (tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string == ','):
            if var_arg_type == '*':
                var_arg = var_name
            elif var_arg_type == '**':
                var_kw = var_name
            else:
                sig_args.append(var_name)
            if tok_type == tokenize.ENDMARKER:
                break
            continue
        if var_arg_type is not None:
            raise TemplateError('Invalid signature: (%s)' % sig_text,
                                position=pos, name=name)
        if tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string == '=':
            nest_type = None
            unnest_type = None
            nest_count = 0
            start_pos = end_pos = None
            parts = []
            while 1:
                tok_type, tok_string, s, e = get_token(True)
                if start_pos is None:
                    start_pos = s
                end_pos = e
                if tok_type == tokenize.ENDMARKER and nest_count:
                    raise TemplateError('Invalid signature: (%s)' % sig_text,
                                        position=pos, name=name)
                if (not nest_count and
                    (tok_type == tokenize.ENDMARKER or (tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string == ','))):
                    default_expr = isolate_expression(sig_text, start_pos, end_pos)
                    defaults[var_name] = default_expr
                    sig_args.append(var_name)
                    break
                parts.append((tok_type, tok_string))
                if nest_count and tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string == nest_type:
                    nest_count += 1
                elif nest_count and tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string == unnest_type:
                    nest_count -= 1
                    if not nest_count:
                        nest_type = unnest_type = None
                elif not nest_count and tok_type == tokenize.OP and tok_string in ('(', '[', '{'):
                    nest_type = tok_string
                    nest_count = 1
                    unnest_type = {'(': ')', '[': ']', '{': '}'}[nest_type]
    return sig_args, var_arg, var_kw, defaults


def isolate_expression(string, start_pos, end_pos):
    srow, scol = start_pos
    srow -= 1
    erow, ecol = end_pos
    erow -= 1
    lines = string.splitlines(True)
    if srow == erow:
        return lines[srow][scol:ecol]
    parts = [lines[srow][scol:]]
    parts.extend(lines[srow+1:erow])
    if erow < len(lines):
        # It'll sometimes give (end_row_past_finish, 0)
        parts.append(lines[erow][:ecol])
    return ''.join(parts)

_fill_command_usage = """\
%prog [OPTIONS] TEMPLATE arg=value

Use py:arg=value to set a Python value; otherwise all values are
strings.
"""


def fill_command(args=None):
    import sys
    import optparse
    import os
    if args is None:
        args = sys.argv[1:]
    kwargs = dict(usage=_fill_command_usage)
    try:
        import pkg_resources
        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution('tempita')
        kwargs['version'] = coerce_text(dist)
    except ImportError:
        # pkg_resources not available
        pass
    parser = optparse.OptionParser(**kwargs)
    parser.add_option(
        '-o', '--output',
        dest='output',
        metavar="FILENAME",
        help="File to write output to (default stdout)")
    parser.add_option(
        '--html',
        dest='use_html',
        action='store_true',
        help="Use HTML style filling (including automatic HTML quoting)")
    parser.add_option(
        '--env',
        dest='use_env',
        action='store_true',
        help="Put the environment in as top-level variables")
    options, args = parser.parse_args(args)
    if len(args) < 1:
        print('You must give a template filename')
        sys.exit(2)
    template_name = args[0]
    args = args[1:]
    vars = {}
    if options.use_env:
        vars.update(os.environ)
    for value in args:
        if '=' not in value:
            print('Bad argument: %r' % value)
            sys.exit(2)
        name, value = value.split('=', 1)
        if name.startswith('py:'):
            name = name[:3]
            value = eval(value)
        vars[name] = value
    if template_name == '-':
        template_content = sys.stdin.read()
        template_name = '<stdin>'
    else:
        f = open(template_name, 'rb')
        template_content = f.read()
        f.close()
    if options.use_html:
        TemplateClass = HTMLTemplate
    else:
        TemplateClass = Template
    template = TemplateClass(template_content, name=template_name)
    result = template.substitute(vars)
    if options.output:
        f = open(options.output, 'wb')
        f.write(result)
        f.close()
    else:
        sys.stdout.write(result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    fill_command()