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<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><title>7.7 Additional Examples</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../scribble.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-style.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../manual-racket.css" title="default"/><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../doc-site.css" title="default"/><script type="text/javascript" src="../scribble-common.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../manual-racket.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../doc-site.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-redirect.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="../local-redirect/local-user-redirect.js"></script><!--[if IE 6]><style type="text/css">.SIEHidden { overflow: hidden; }</style><![endif]--></head><body id="doc-racket-lang-org"><div class="tocset"><div class="tocview"><div class="tocviewlist tocviewlisttopspace"><div class="tocviewtitle"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_0");">►</a></td><td></td><td><a href="index.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x"><span style="font-weight: bold">The Racket Guide</span></a></td></tr></table></div><div class="tocviewsublisttop" style="display: none;" id="tocview_0"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">1 </td><td><a href="intro.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Welcome to Racket</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">2 </td><td><a href="to-scheme.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Racket Essentials</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">3 </td><td><a href="datatypes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Built-<wbr></wbr>In Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">4 </td><td><a href="scheme-forms.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Expressions and Definitions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">5 </td><td><a href="define-struct.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Programmer-<wbr></wbr>Defined Datatypes</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">6 </td><td><a href="modules.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Modules</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7 </td><td><a href="contracts.html" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">8 </td><td><a href="i_o.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Input and Output</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">9 </td><td><a href="regexp.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Regular Expressions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">10 </td><td><a href="control.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Exceptions and Control</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">11 </td><td><a href="for.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Iterations and Comprehensions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">12 </td><td><a href="match.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Pattern Matching</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">13 </td><td><a href="classes.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Classes and Objects</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">14 </td><td><a href="units.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Units (Components)</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">15 </td><td><a href="reflection.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Reflection and Dynamic Evaluation</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">16 </td><td><a href="macros.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Macros</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">17 </td><td><a href="languages.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Creating Languages</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">18 </td><td><a href="concurrency.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Concurrency and Synchronization</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">19 </td><td><a href="performance.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Performance</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">20 </td><td><a href="parallelism.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Parallelism</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">21 </td><td><a href="running.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Running and Creating Executables</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">22 </td><td><a href="More_Libraries.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">More Libraries</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">23 </td><td><a href="dialects.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Dialects of Racket and Scheme</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">24 </td><td><a href="other-editors.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Command-<wbr></wbr>Line Tools and Your Editor of Choice</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right"></td><td><a href="doc-bibliography.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Bibliography</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right"></td><td><a href="doc-index.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Index</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="tocviewlist"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_1");">▼</a></td><td>7 </td><td><a href="contracts.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts</a></td></tr></table><div class="tocviewsublist" style="display: block;" id="tocview_1"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">7.1 </td><td><a href="contract-boundaries.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts and Boundaries</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.2 </td><td><a href="contract-func.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Simple Contracts on Functions</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.3 </td><td><a href="contracts-general-functions.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts on Functions in General</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.4 </td><td><a href="contracts-first.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts:<span class="mywbr"> </span> A Thorough Example</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.5 </td><td><a href="contracts-struct.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Contracts on Structures</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.6 </td><td><a href="contracts-exists.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Abstract Contracts using <span class="RktPn">#:<span class="mywbr"> </span>exists</span> and <span class="RktPn">#:<span class="mywbr"> </span>∃</span></a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.7 </td><td><a href="" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Additional Examples</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.8 </td><td><a href="contracts-gotchas.html" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">Gotchas</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="tocviewlist"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td style="width: 1em;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Expand/Collapse" class="tocviewtoggle" onclick="TocviewToggle(this,"tocview_2");">►</a></td><td>7.7 </td><td><a href="" class="tocviewselflink" data-pltdoc="x">Additional Examples</a></td></tr></table><div class="tocviewsublistbottom" style="display: none;" id="tocview_2"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td align="right">7.7.1 </td><td><a href="#%28part._.A_.Customer-.Manager_.Component%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">A Customer-<wbr></wbr>Manager Component</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.7.2 </td><td><a href="#%28part._.A_.Parameteric__.Simple__.Stack%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">A Parameteric (Simple) Stack</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.7.3 </td><td><a href="#%28part._.A_.Dictionary%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">A Dictionary</a></td></tr><tr><td align="right">7.7.4 </td><td><a href="#%28part._.A_.Queue%29" class="tocviewlink" data-pltdoc="x">A Queue</a></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class="tocsub"><div class="tocsubtitle">On this page:</div><table class="tocsublist" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.7.1<tt> </tt></span><a href="#%28part._.A_.Customer-.Manager_.Component%29" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">A Customer-<wbr></wbr>Manager Component</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.7.2<tt> </tt></span><a href="#%28part._.A_.Parameteric__.Simple__.Stack%29" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">A Parameteric (Simple) Stack</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.7.3<tt> </tt></span><a href="#%28part._.A_.Dictionary%29" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">A Dictionary</a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="tocsublinknumber">7.7.4<tt> </tt></span><a href="#%28part._.A_.Queue%29" class="tocsubseclink" data-pltdoc="x">A Queue</a></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="maincolumn"><div class="main"><div class="navsettop"><span class="navleft"><form class="searchform"><input class="searchbox" style="color: #888;" type="text" value="...search manuals..." title="Enter a search string to search the manuals" onkeypress="return DoSearchKey(event, this, "6.1", "../");" onfocus="this.style.color="black"; this.style.textAlign="left"; if (this.value == "...search manuals...") this.value="";" onblur="if (this.value.match(/^ *$/)) { this.style.color="#888"; this.style.textAlign="center"; this.value="...search manuals..."; }"/></form> <a href="../index.html" title="up to the documentation top" data-pltdoc="x" onclick="return GotoPLTRoot("6.1");">top</a></span><span class="navright"> <a href="contracts-exists.html" title="backward to "7.6 Abstract Contracts using #:exists and #:∃"" data-pltdoc="x">← prev</a> <a href="contracts.html" title="up to "7 Contracts"" data-pltdoc="x">up</a> <a href="contracts-gotchas.html" title="forward to "7.8 Gotchas"" data-pltdoc="x">next →</a></span> </div><h4 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-part-tag=""contracts-examples"">7.7<tt> </tt><a name="(part._contracts-examples)"></a>Additional Examples</h4><p>This section illustrates the current state of Racket’s contract
implementation with a series of examples from <span style="font-style: italic">Design by
Contract, by Example</span> [<a href="doc-bibliography.html#%28cite._.Mitchell02%29" data-pltdoc="x">Mitchell02</a>].</p><p>Mitchell and McKim’s principles for design by contract DbC are derived
from the 1970s style algebraic specifications. The overall goal of DbC is
to specify the constructors of an algebra in terms of its
observers. While we reformulate Mitchell and McKim’s terminology and
we use a mostly applicative approach, we
retain their terminology of “classes” and “objects”:</p><ul><li><p><span style="font-weight: bold">Separate queries from commands.</span></p><p>A <span style="font-style: italic">query</span> returns a result but does not change the observable
properties of an object. A <span style="font-style: italic">command</span> changes the visible
properties of an object, but does not return a result. In applicative
implementation a command typically returns an new object of the same
class.</p></li><li><p><span style="font-weight: bold">Separate basic queries from derived queries.</span></p><p>A <span style="font-style: italic">derived query</span> returns a result that is computable in
terms of basic queries.</p></li><li><p><span style="font-weight: bold">For each derived query, write a post-condition contract that
specifies the result in terms of the basic queries.</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-weight: bold">For each command, write a post-condition contract that specifies the
changes to the observable properties in terms of the basic queries.</span></p></li><li><p><span style="font-weight: bold">For each query and command, decide on a suitable
pre-condition contract.</span></p></li></ul><p>Each of the following sections corresponds to a chapter in
Mitchell and McKim’s book (but not all chapters show up
here). We recommend that you read the contracts first (near
the end of the first modules), then the implementation (in
the first modules), and then the test module (at the end of
each section).</p><p>Mitchell and McKim use Eiffel as the underlying programming language and
employ a conventional imperative programming style. Our long-term goal is
to transliterate their examples into applicative Racket,
structure-oriented imperative Racket, and Racket’s class system.</p><p>Note: To mimic Mitchell and McKim’s informal notion of parametericity
(parametric polymorphism), we use first-class contracts. At several
places, this use of first-class contracts improves on Mitchell and McKim’s
design (see comments in interfaces).</p><h5 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-part-tag=""A_Customer-Manager_Component"">7.7.1<tt> </tt><a name="(part._.A_.Customer-.Manager_.Component)"></a>A Customer-Manager Component</h5><p>This first module contains some struct definitions in a
separate module in order to better track bugs.</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">data definitions </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=symbols.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._symbol%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">symbol?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id-equal?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._eq%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">eq?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define-struct.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define-struct%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define-struct</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">address</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:mutable</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">interface </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._provide%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">provide</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=attaching-contracts-to-values.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._contract-out%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract-out</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">id-equal?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define-struct.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._struct%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">struct</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">address</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">end of interface</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>This module contains the program that uses the above.</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._require%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">require</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"1.rkt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">the module just above</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">implementation</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">[listof (list basic-customer? secret-info)]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">all</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">find</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has-c-as-key</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">id-equal?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer-id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._filter%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">filter</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">has-c-as-key</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">all</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._if%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">if</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._pair%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">pair?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._pair%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">pair?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">find</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer-id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">0</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">get-count</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=set_.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._set%2521%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">set!</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">all</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cons%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cons</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">secret</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">all</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=set_.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._set%2521%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">set!</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%252B%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">+</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">bc-with-id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">find</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer-name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">bc-with-id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">set-name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">bc-with-id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">find</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">set-basic-customer-name!</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">bc-with-id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">0</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">end of implementation</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._provide%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">provide</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=attaching-contracts-to-values.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._contract-out%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract-out</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">how many customers are in the db?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">get-count</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._natural-number%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">natural-number/c</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">is the customer with this id active?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">what is the name of the customer with this id?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">change the name of the customer with this id</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">set-name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ei%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>i</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">nn</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string?</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">result contract</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">nn</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=strings.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._string%7E3d%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">string=?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">id</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">nn</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ei%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>i</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">bc</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">basic-customer?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-active?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">A pre-post condition contract must use</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">a side-effect to express this contract</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">via post-conditions</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:pre</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=set_.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._set%2521%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">set!</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">result contract</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">c0</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>The tests:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._require%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">require</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit/text-ui</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"1.rkt"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"1b.rkt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">mf</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"matthias"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"brookstone"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">rf</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"robby"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"beverly hills park"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">fl</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"matthew"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"pepper clouds town"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">add</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-basic-customer</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">sk</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"shriram"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"i city"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Ftext-ui..rkt%2529._run-tests%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">run-tests</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-suite%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-suite</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"manager"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"id lookup"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"matthias"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">mf</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"count"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">4</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">get-count</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"active?"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">mf</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-false%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-false</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"active? 2"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">active?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">kk</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"set name"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=void.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._void%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">void?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">set-name</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">mf</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"matt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><h5 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-part-tag=""A_Parameteric__Simple__Stack"">7.7.2<tt> </tt><a name="(part._.A_.Parameteric__.Simple__.Stack)"></a>A Parameteric (Simple) Stack</h5><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">a contract utility </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">eq/c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">y</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._eq%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">eq?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">y</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define-struct.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define-struct%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define-struct</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-stack</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">push</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-stack</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cons%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cons</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">item-at</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">i</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list-ref%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list-ref</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._reverse%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._-%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-</span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">i</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._length%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">length</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._null%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">null?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">pop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-stack</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">top</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._provide%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">provide</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=attaching-contracts-to-values.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._contract-out%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract-out</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">predicate</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">primitive queries</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">how many items are on the stack? </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._natural-number%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">natural-number/c</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">which item is at the given position? </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">item-at</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">i</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._positive%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">positive?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._%7E3c%7E3d%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><=/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">derived queries </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">is the stack empty? </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">eq/c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">0</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">which item is at the top of the stack </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">top</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">t</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">a stack item, t is its name</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">stack-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">t</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">item-at</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">creation </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=contract-utilities.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._contract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract?</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">. </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="RktPn"> .</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">Mitchell and McKim use (= (count s) 0) here to express</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">the post-condition in terms of a primitive query</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">commands</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">add an item to the top of the stack </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">push</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">sn</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">result kind </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._and%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%252B%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">+</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">sn</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">stack-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">top</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">sn</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">remove the item at the top of the stack</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">pop</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">sn</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">result kind </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._-%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-</span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">sn</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>The tests:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._require%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">require</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit/text-ui</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"2.rkt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s2</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">push</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">push</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Ftext-ui..rkt%2529._run-tests%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">run-tests</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-suite%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-suite</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"stack"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"empty"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"push"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"push exn"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=exns.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fmore-scheme..rkt%2529._with-handlers%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">with-handlers</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=exns.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._exn%7E3afail%7E3acontract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">exn:fail:contract?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=stx-patterns.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fstxcase-scheme..rkt%2529.__%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">_</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#t</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">push</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">a</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#f</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"pop"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">stack?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">pop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"top"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">top</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"toppop"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">top</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">pop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><h5 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-part-tag=""A_Dictionary"">7.7.3<tt> </tt><a name="(part._.A_.Dictionary)"></a>A Dictionary</h5><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">a shorthand for use below</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define-syntax%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define-syntax</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">⇒</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=stx-patterns.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fstxcase-scheme..rkt%2529._syntax-rules%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">syntax-rules</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">⇒</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">antecedent</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">consequent</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._if%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">if</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">antecedent</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">consequent</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#t</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">implementation </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define-struct.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define-struct%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define-struct</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">value?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._eq%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">eq?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">the keys should probably be another parameter (exercise)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-dictionary</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">v</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-dictionary</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cons%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cons</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cons%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cons</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">v</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-value?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-eq?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-dictionary</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=let.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._let%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">let</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">loop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._cond%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cond</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._null%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">null?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._eq%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">eq?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._caar%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">caar</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">loop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._else%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">else</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cons%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cons</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">loop</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-value?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-eq?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._length%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">length</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">value-for</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._assq%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">assq</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._pair%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">pair?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._assq%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">assq</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-l</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">not-has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">end of implementation </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">interface</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._provide%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">provide</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=attaching-contracts-to-values.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._contract-out%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract-out</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">predicates</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">basic queries</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">how many items are in the dictionary?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._natural-number%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">natural-number/c</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">does the dictionary define key k? </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=symbols.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._symbol%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">symbol?</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._zero%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">zero?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">. </span><span class="RktSym">⇒</span><span class="RktPn"> .</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">what is the value of key k in this dictionary? </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">value-for</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=symbols.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._symbol%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">symbol?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-value?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">initialization </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">post condition: for all k in symbol, (has? d k) is false. </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=contract-utilities.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._contract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract?</a></span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">. </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="RktPn"> .</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._zero%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">zero?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">commands </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">Mitchell and McKim say that put shouldn</span><span class="RktCmt">'</span><span class="RktCmt">t consume Void (null ptr) </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">for v. We allow the client to specify a contract for all values</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">via initialize. We could do the same via a key? parameter</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">(exercise). add key k with value v to this dictionary </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=symbols.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._symbol%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">symbol?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">not-has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">v</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-value?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=if.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fletstx-scheme..rkt%2529._and%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._-%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-</span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">dictionary-eq?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">value-for</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">v</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">remove key k from this dictionary </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=symbols.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._symbol%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">symbol?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">k</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">dictionary?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-has?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">#:post-cond</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%252B%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">+</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">end of interface</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>The tests:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._require%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">require</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit/text-ui</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"3.rkt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">a</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">b</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Ftext-ui..rkt%2529._run-tests%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">run-tests</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-suite%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-suite</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"dictionaries"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"value for"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">value-for</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">b</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-false%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-false</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"has?"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">has?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">b</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">b</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"count"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">3</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-case%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-case</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"contract check for put: symbol?"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._check-exn%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">check-exn</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=exns.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._exn%7E3afail%7E3acontract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">exn:fail:contract?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">d0</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"a"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><h5 x-source-module="(lib "scribblings/guide/guide.scrbl")" x-part-tag=""A_Queue"">7.7.4<tt> </tt><a name="(part._.A_.Queue)"></a>A Queue</h5><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">Note: this queue doesn</span><span class="RktCmt">'</span><span class="RktCmt">t implement the capacity restriction</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">of Mitchell and McKim</span><span class="RktCmt">'</span><span class="RktCmt">s queue but this is easy to add.</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">a contract utility </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">all-but-last</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._reverse%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._reverse%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">reverse</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">l</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">eq/c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">y</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._eq%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">eq?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">y</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">implementation</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define-struct.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define-struct%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define-struct</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-queue</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">(</span><span class="RktVal">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">eq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-queue</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._append%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">append</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">x</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._length%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">length</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._null%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">null?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">not-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">make-queue</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-eq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">head</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-list</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">interface</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._provide%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">provide</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=attaching-contracts-to-values.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._contract-out%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract-out</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">predicate </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._any%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">any/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">primitive queries</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">Imagine providing this </span><span class="RktCmt">'</span><span class="RktCmt">query</span><span class="RktCmt">'</span><span class="RktCmt"> for the interface of the module</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">only. Then in Racket there is no reason to have count or is-empty?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">around (other than providing it to clients). After all items is </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">exactly as cheap as count.</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._listof%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">listof</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">derived queries </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">We could express this second part of the post</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">condition even if count were a module "attribute"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">in the language of Eiffel; indeed it would use the </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">exact same syntax (minus the arrow and domain).</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._natural-number%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">natural-number/c</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._%7E3d%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._length%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">length</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">eq/c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._null%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">null?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">head</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">eq/c</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._car%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">car</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">creation</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=contract-utilities.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._contract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract?</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=contract-utilities.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._contract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=contract-utilities.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._contract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">contract?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">. </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3e%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span></a></span><span class="RktPn"> .</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._boolean%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">boolean?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._null%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">null?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">commands</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">oldq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">i</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue-p?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">oldq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">old-items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">oldq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._append%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">append</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">old-items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._list%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">list</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">i</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=function-contracts.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fbase..rkt%2529._-%7E3ed%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="nobreak">-></span>d</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">oldq</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=procedures.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Flist..rkt%2529._compose%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">compose</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._not%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">not</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym">result</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._and%252Fc%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">and/c</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=booleans.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._cdr%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">cdr</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">oldq</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">items</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">q</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktCmt">;</span><span class="RktCmt"> </span><span class="RktCmt">end of interface</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><p>The tests:</p><blockquote class="SCodeFlow"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="RktBlk"><tr><td><a href="Module_Syntax.html#%28part._hash-lang%29" class="RktModLink" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktMod">#lang</span></a><span class="hspace"> </span><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=index.html&version=6.1" class="RktModLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x"><span class="RktSym">racket</span></a></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=require.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._require%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">require</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">rackunit/text-ui</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"5.rkt"</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=define.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._define%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">define</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">1</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Ftext-ui..rkt%2529._run-tests%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">run-tests</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-suite%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-suite</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"queue"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"empty"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">is-empty?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=generic-numbers.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._%7E3d%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">=</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"put"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"count"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=pairs.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Flist..rkt%2529._count%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">count</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"put exn"</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=exns.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fmore-scheme..rkt%2529._with-handlers%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">with-handlers</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktPn">[</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=exns.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._exn%7E3afail%7E3acontract%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">exn:fail:contract?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=lambda.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fbase..rkt%2529._lambda%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">lambda</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=stx-patterns.html%23%2528form._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fprivate%252Fstxcase-scheme..rkt%2529.__%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktStxLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">_</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#t</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">]</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">put</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">initialize</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=data-structure-contracts.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._racket%252Fcontract%252Fprivate%252Fmisc..rkt%2529._flat-contract%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">flat-contract</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=reference&rel=number-types.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528quote._%7E23%7E25kernel%2529._integer%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">integer?</a></span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">'</span><span class="RktVal">a</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">#f</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-true%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-true</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"remove"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">queue?</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">rem</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr><tr><td><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym"><a href="http://download.racket-lang.org/docs/6.1/html/local-redirect/index.html?doc=rackunit&rel=api.html%23%2528def._%2528%2528lib._rackunit%252Fmain..rkt%2529._test-equal%7E3f%2529%2529&version=6.1" class="RktValLink Sq" data-pltdoc="x">test-equal?</a></span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">"head"</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktVal">2</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktPn">(</span><span class="RktSym">head</span><span class="hspace"> </span><span class="RktSym">s</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span><span class="RktPn">)</span></td></tr></table></blockquote><div class="navsetbottom"><span class="navleft"><form class="searchform"><input class="searchbox" style="color: #888;" type="text" value="...search 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