This file is indexed.

/usr/share/X11/xkb/compat/caps is in xkb-data 2.12-1.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

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partial xkb_compatibility "caps_lock" {
    // Keysym Caps_Lock locks the Lock modifier.
    // With this definition, the keysym Caps_Lock can be used without binding
    // the whole key to a real modifier.  This is essential when you don't
    // want to use Caps_Lock on the first level.
    // This should not have any compatibility issues when used together with
    // other layouts which don't utilize this capability.
    interpret Caps_Lock {
        action = LockMods(modifiers = Lock);
    };
};