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C Copyright 1981-2012 ECMWF.
C
C This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence
C Version 2.0 which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
C
C In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities
C granted to it by virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation
C nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.
C
C**** GRIBEX - Coding and decoding of GRIB format data.
C
C Purpose.
C --------
C
C 1) Code data in FM-92 GRIB code, Edition 1.
C 2) Decode data from FM-92 GRIB code.
C 3) Decode only identification sections of GRIB
C coded data ie Sections 0, 1 and 2.
C 4) Return length of GRIB message, in bytes, and GRIB
C Edition number only.
C
C A number of options exist when coding or decoding -
C see values allowed for requested function, HOPER, below.
C
C Decoding functions work on Experimental Edition,
C Edition 0 and Edition 1 of GRIB code. Decoded values
C for Sections 0 to 2 are always in Edition 1 format.
C
C** Interface.
C ----------
C
C CALL GRIBEX (KSEC0,KSEC1,KSEC2,PSEC2,KSEC3,PSEC3,KSEC4,
C X PSEC4,KLENP,KGRIB,KLENG,KWORD,HOPER,KRET)
C
C Integer K.
C Real P.
C Logical O.
C Character H.
C
C Input Parameters for all functions.
C -----------------------------------
C
C HOPER - Requested function.
C
C
C 'A' To encode 8-bit data into GRIB code
C
C 'B' To decode 8-bit data from GRIB code
C
C
C 'C' To code data in GRIB code, with or
C without bit-maps.
C
C 'D' To decode data from GRIB code. If
C ECMWF pseudo-Grib data is encountered,
C only sections 0 and 1 are decoded and
C the return code is set to -6.
C
C 'G' Special decoding for graphics purposes.
C Reference value returned in PSEC4(1)
C Binary scale factor returned in PSEC4(2
C Bit pointer to data increments in
C KSEC4(34).
C
C 'I' To decode only identification
C sections 0, 1 and 2 of GRIB or
C pseudo-Grib data.
C
C 'J' To decode only identification
C sections 0, 1, 3 and 4 of GRIB.
C
C 'K' Special "aggressive" coding: try all
C the relevant methods of packing,
C especially second-order packing,
C in order to get the shortest
C GRIB message. Effective only for
C grid-point fields. No feedback in
C KSEC4 descriptors, to preserve the
C "read-only" status of this array.
C
C 'L' Return length of GRIB message, in
C bytes, and GRIB Edition number only.
C Length does not include any bytes
C added to round message length to a
C multiple of 120 bytes. Works also for
C pseudo-Grib data.
C
C 'M' To code data in GRIB code and, if a
C bit-map is encountered, make GRIB
C message full length ie the same length
C as if all data values were given.
C
C 'R' To decode data from GRIB code, and if
C a quasi-regular Gaussian grid or a
C quasi-regular latitude-longitude grid
C is encountered, convert it to regular.
C
C 'S' To decode initialised analysis data
C from GRIB code, and if data is in the
C Experimental Edition of GRIB, set the
C Time Range Indicator flag. In the
C Experimental Edition there was no
C distinction between initialised and
C uninitialised analyses.
C
C 'X' To extract data values for up to 4
C points from a GRIB coded Gaussian or
C Latitude/longitude field, without
C unpacking the data at other points.
C See words 34 to 42 of KSEC4 below.
C
C 'Z' To decode data from GRIB code.
C If a bit-map is encountered,
C only sections 0,1 and 2 are decoded and
C the return code is set to -5.
C
C KLENP - Length of array PSEC4.
C
C KLENG - Length of array KGRIB.
C
C KRET - Response to error indicator.
C 0 , Abort if error encountered.
C Negative return codes are
C informative and do not cause
C an abort.
C Non- zero , Return to calling routine
C even if error encountered.
C
C
C
C
C
C Input parameters for coding function.
C Output Parameters for decoding functions.
C -----------------------------------------
C
C KSEC1 - Integer parameters of Section 1 (Product
C Definition Section) of GRIB code.
C Integer array of at least 25 words.
C
C If Section 1 of the GRIB code contains
C data for ECMWF local use, KSEC1 should
C be sized accordingly eg 53 + N , where
C N is the number of ensemble forecasts.
C
C Word Contents.
C ---- ---------
C 1 Version number of Code Table 2.
C 2 Identification of centre (Code Table 0).
C 3 Generating process identification number
C ( allocated by originating centre ).
C 4 Grid definition (NNN - Catalogue number
C of grid used by originating centre. See
C Volume B of publication WMO - No.9).
C 5 Flag indication relative to Section 2
C (Grid Description Section) and Section
C 3 (Bit Map Section). Code Table 1.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Sections 2 and 3 omitted.
C 128 Section 2 included, Section 3
C omitted.
C 64 Section 2 omitted, Section 3
C included.
C 192 Sections 2 and 3 included.
C
C 6 Indicator of parameter (Code Table 2).
C 7 Indicator of type of level (Code Table 3).
C (or satellite identifier)
C Satellite useage as defined by INPE/CPTEC
C and used by ECMWF, pending final definition
C by WMO.
C 8 Height, pressure etc of level (Code Table 3).
C Single level or top of layer.
C (or satellite spectral band)
C Satellite useage as defined by INPE/CPTEC
C and used by ECMWF, pending final definition
C by WMO.
C 9 Height, pressure etc of level (Code Table 3).
C Bottom of layer, if word 6 indicates a layer.
C 10 Year of century }
C 11 Month } Reference time of data -
C 12 Day } Date and time of start of
C 13 Hour } averaging or accumulation
C 14 Minute } period.
C 15 Indicator of unit of time (Code Table 4).
C 16 P1 - Period of time (number of time units)
C (0 for analyses or initialised analyses).
C 17 P2 - Period of time (number of time units);
C or time interval between successive
C analyses, initialised analyses or forecasts
C undergoing averaging or accumulation;
C otherwise set to zero.
C 18 Time range indicator (Code Table 5).
C 19 Number included in average, when time range
C indicator indicates an average or
C accumulation; otherwise set to zero.
C 20 Number missing from average, when time range
C indicator indicates an average or
C accumulation; otherwise set to zero.
C 21 Century of reference time of data.
C 22 Identification of sub-centre(Code Table C-1).
C 23 Decimal scale factor.
C 24 Flag field to indicate local use in
C Section 1.
C 0 - No local use of section 1.
C 1 - Local use of section 1.
C 25-36 Reserved for WMO reserved fields. Set to 0.
C 37 ECMWF local usage identifier.This is a number
C which indicates the contents of words 38-nn.
C
C 1 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 1.
C Ensemble forecast data.
C 2 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 2.
C Cluster means and standard deviations.
C 3 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 3.
C Satellite image data.
C 4 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 4.
C Ocean model data.
C 5 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 5.
C Forecast probability data.
C 6 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 6.
C Surface temperature data.
C 7 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 7.
C Sensitivity gradient/Trajectory
C forecast and Sensitivity forecast data.
C 8 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 8.
C ECMWF re-analysis data.
C 9 - ECMWF local GRIB use definition 9.
C Singular vectors and ensemble perturbations.
C
C
#include "ecdef1.h"
#include "ecdef2.h"
#include "ecdef3.h"
#include "ecdef4.h"
#include "ecdef5.h"
#include "ecdef6.h"
#include "ecdef7.h"
#include "ecdef8.h"
#include "ecdef9.h"
#include "ecdef10.h"
#include "ecdef11.h"
#include "ecdef12.h"
#include "ecdef13.h"
#include "ecdef14.h"
C
C
C
C
C
C KSEC2 - Integer parameters of Section 2 (Grid
C Description Section) of GRIB code.
C Integer array of at least 22 + n words,
C where n is the number of parallels or
C meridians in a quasi-regular (reduced)
C Gaussian or latitude/longitude grid.
C
C Notes:- 1) Latitudes, longitudes are in
C millidegrees.
C 2) Latitude values in the range 0-90000.
C 3) Longitude values in the range 0-360000.
C 4) Southern latitudes and western
C longitudes are negative.
C
C Word Contents for latitude/longitude grids or
C equidistant cylindrical or Plate Carree.
C ---- ----------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Ni - Number of points along a parallel.
C 3 Nj - Number of points along a meridian.
C 4 La1 - Latitude of first grid point.
C 5 Lo1 - Longitude of first grid point.
C 6 Resolution flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Direction increments not given.
C Used for quasi-regular grids, but
C can also be used for regular grids.
C 128 Direction increments given.
C Grids must be regular.
C
C 7 La2 - Latitude of last grid point.
C 8 Lo2 - Longitude of last grid point.
C 9 Di - i direction increment.
C 10 Dj - j direction increment.
C 11 Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Latitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 14 Longitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 15 Latitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 16 Longitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C !
C ! At the moment quasi-regular latitude/
C ! longitude grids are not properly defined.
C ! The Resolution flag field indicates both
C ! direction increments are given or not.
C ! One increment needs to be given. Grids
C ! can be irregular in one direction only.
C !
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C
C 20-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 23-nn Number of points along each parallel
C in a Quasi-regular grid. Number of parallels
C is given by Nj above.
C or
C Number of points along each meridian
C in a Quasi-regular grid. Number of meridians
C is given by Ni above.
C
C Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8) indicate
C whether points are consecutive on a meridian
C or a parallel.
C
C Notes:- 1) Increments are in millidegrees.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Gaussian grids .
C ---- ---------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Ni - Number of points along a parallel.
C Cannot be used for quasi-regular grids.
C 3 Nj - Number of points along a meridian.
C 4 La1 - Latitude of first grid point.
C 5 Lo1 - Longitude of first grid point.
C 6 Resolution flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Direction increments not given.
C Used for quasi-regular grids, but
C can also be used for regular grids.
C 128 Direction increments given.
C Grids must be regular.
C
C 7 La2 - Latitude of last grid point.
C 8 Lo2 - Longitude of last grid point.
C 9 Di - i direction increment.
C Cannot be used for quasi-regular grids.
C 10 N - Number of parallels between a Pole and
C the Equator.
C 11 Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Latitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 14 Longitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 15 Latitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 16 Longitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C
C 20-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 23-nn Number of points along each parallel
C in a Quasi-regular grid. Number of parallels
C is given by Nj above.
C
C Notes:- 1) Increments are in millidegrees.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Spherical Harmonic Coefficients.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 J - Pentagonal resolution parameter.
C 3 K - Pentagonal resolution parameter.
C 4 M - Pentagonal resolution parameter.
C 5 Representation type ( Code Table 9 ).
C 6 Representation mode ( Code Table 10 ).
C 7-11 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Latitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 14 Longitude of the southern pole of rotation.
C 15 Latitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 16 Longitude of the the pole of stretching.
C 17-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Polar Stereographic.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Nx - Number of points along X-axis.
C 3 Ny - Number of points along Y-axis.
C 4 La1 - Latitude of first grid point.
C 5 Lo1 - Longitude of first grid point.
C 6 Reserved. Set to 0. Resolution flag is
C not applicable to Polar stereographic.
C 7 LoV - Orientation of the grid ie the
C longitude of the meridian which is parallel
C to the Y-axis along which latitude increases
C as the Y-coordinate increases.
C 8 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 9 Dx - X-direction grid length.
C 10 Dy - Y-direction grid length.
C 11 Scanning mode flag (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Projection centre flag.
C 0 , North pole is on projection plane.
C 1 , South pole is on projection plane. ??????
C 128 , South pole is on projection plane. ????
C 14-16 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C 20-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C
C Notes 1) Grid lengths are in metres, at the 60-
C degree parallel nearest to the pole on
C the projection plane.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Mercator.
C ---- ---------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Ni - Number of points along a parallel.
C 3 Nj - Number of points along a meridian.
C 4 La1 - Latitude of first grid point.
C 5 Lo1 - Longitude of first grid point.
C 6 Resolution flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Direction increments not given.
C 128 Direction increments given.
C
C 7 La2 - Latitude of last grid point.
C 8 Lo2 - Longitude of last grid point.
C 9 Latin - latitude at which the Mercator
C projection cylinder intersects the earth.
C 10 Reserved. set to 0.
C 11 Scanning mode flags (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Di - i direction grid length.
C 14 Dj - j direction grid length.
C 15-16 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C
C 20-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C Notes 1) Grid lengths are in units of metres,
C at the parallel specified by Latin.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Lambert conformal, secant or
C tangent, conical or bi-polar (normal or
C oblique) or
C Albers equal-area, secant or tangent,
C conical or bi-polar (normal or oblique).
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Nx - Number of points along X-axis.
C 3 Ny - Number of points along Y-axis.
C 4 La1 - Latitude of first grid point.
C 5 Lo1 - Longitude of first grid point.
C 6 Resolution flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Direction increments not given.
C 128 Direction increments given.
C
C 7 LoV - Orientation of the grid ie the East
C longitude of the meridian which is parallel
C to the Y-axis along which latitude increases
C as the Y-coordinate increases.
C 8 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 9 Dx - X-direction grid length.
C 10 Dy - Y-direction grid length.
C 11 Scanning mode flag (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 Projection centre flag.
C 0 , North pole is on projection plane.
C Only one projection centre is used.
C 128 , South pole is on projection plane.
C Only one projection centre is used.
C 64 , North pole is on projection plane.
C Projection is bi-polar and symmetric.
C 192 , South pole is on projection plane.
C Projection is bi-polar and symmetric.
C 14 Latin 1 - First latitude from the pole at
C which the secant cone cuts the sphere.
C 15 Latin 2 - Second latitude from the pole at
C which the secant cone cuts the sphere.
C 16 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C
C 20 Latitude of the southern pole.
C 21 Longitude of the southern pole.
C 22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C Notes 1) Grid lengths are in metres, at the 60-
C degree parallel nearest to the pole on
C the projection plane.
C
C
C
C
C
C Word Contents for Space view perspective
C or orthographic.
C ---- ---------------------------------------
C 1 Data representation type (Code Table 6).
C 2 Nx - Number of points along x-axis.
C 3 Ny - Number of points along y-axis.
C 4 Lap - Latitude of sub-satellite point.
C 5 Lop - Longitude of sub-satellite point.
C 6 Resolution flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Direction increments not given.
C 128 Direction increments given.
C
C 7 dx - Apparent diameter of the earth in
C grid lengths in the x direction.
C 8 dy - Apparent diameter of the earth in
C grid lengths in the y direction.
C 9 Xp X-coordinate of sub-satellite point
C 10 Yp Y-coordinate of sub-satellite point
C 11 Scanning mode flag (Code Table 8).
C 12 Number of vertical coordinate parameters.
C 13 The orientation of the grid.
C 14 nr - the altitude of the camera from the
C earth's centre.
C For orthographic view from infinite
C distance 16777215.
C 15 Xo - X coordinate of origin of sector
C image.
C 16 Yo - Y coordinate of origin of sector
C image.
C 17 0 , Regular grid.
C 1 , Quasi-regular (reduced) grid.
C 18 Earth flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Earth assumed spherical with
C radius of 6367.47 km.
C 64 Earth assumed oblate spheroidal
C with size as determined by IAU in
C 1965 :
C (6378.160km,6356.775km,f=1/297.0)
C
C 19 Components flag.
C Valid values are :-
C
C Decimal
C value Meaning
C ----- -------
C 0 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to
C easterly and northerly directions.
C
C 8 Resolved u and v components of
C vector quantities relative to the
C defined grid in the direction of
C increasing x and y (or i and j)
C coordinates respectively.
C
C 20-22 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C
C
C
C
C PSEC2 - Real parameters for Section 2 (Grid
C Definition Section) of GRIB Code.
C Real array of at least 10 + nn words, where
C nn is the number of vertical coordinate
C parameters.
C
C Word Contents.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Angle of rotation.
C 2 Stretching factor.
C 3-10 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 11-nn Vertical coordinate parameters.
C Number given in KSEC2(12)
C
C
C
C
C
C KSEC3 - Integer parameters for Section 3 (Bit Map
C Section) of GRIB code.
C Integer array of at least 2 words.
C
C Word Contents.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 0 , Bit map included in the GRIB message.
C Binary data array (PSEC4) contains the
C missing data indicator at the points
C where no data is given.
C Non-zero, Number of predetermined bit-map.
C Bit map is not included in the message.
C Binary data array contains only valid
C data values.
C
C 2 The value used to indicate missing data in
C an integer binary data array is indicated
C here.
C This value is user supplied for both
C coding and decoding, and redefined at each
C call.
C
C On ouput, whenever a masked field is found,
C the effective number of non-missing values
C is returned.
C
C
C
C
C PSEC3 - Real parameters for Section 3 (Bit Map
C Section) of GRIB code.
C Real array of at least 2 words.
C
C Word Contents.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Not used.
C
C 2 The value used to indicate missing data in
C a real binary data array is indicated here.
C This value is user supplied for both
C coding and decoding.
C
C
C
C
C
C KSEC4 - Integer parameters for Section 4 (Binary
C Data Section) of GRIB code.
C Integer array of at least 42 words.
C
C Word Contents.
C ---- --------------------------------------------
C 1 Number of data values in array PSEC4 to be
C packed in GRIB code or which have been
C unpacked from GRIB code. Where a bit-map
C is used this number includes the number of
C mising data values.
C
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C ! !
C ! If this number is NEGATIVE, it indicates !
C ! ENTIRE FIELD IS MISSING. All values in PSEC4 !
C ! are 0. This is an ECMWF convention - coded !
C ! data has scale factor, exponent and mantissa !
C ! of reference value with all bits set to 1. !
C ! !
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C
C 2 Number of bits used for each packed value.
C 3 Type of data. Used only if Section 2 is
C not included when coding data.
C 0 - Grid point data.
C 128 - Spherical harmonic coefficients.
C 4 Type of packing.
C 0 - Simple packing.
C 64 - Complex or second order packing.
C 5 Data representation.
C 0 - Floating point data.
C 32 - Integer data.
C 6 Additional flags indicator.
C 0 - No additional flags.
C 16 - additional flags.
C 7 Reserved. Set to 0.
C 8 Number of values indicator.
C 0 - Single datum at each grid point.
C 64 - Matrix of values at each grid point.
C 9 Secondary bit maps indicator.
C 0 - No secondary bit maps.
C 32 - Secondary bit maps present.
C 10 Values width indicator.
C 0 - Second order values constant width.
C 16 - Second order values different widths.
C 11 Number of bits for second order values,
C when of constant width.
C
C If not zero, words 12 to 15 indicate specific use of
C 2nd-order packing methods which are extensions
C to current WMO standard for GRIB edition 1.
C
C 12 General extended 2nd-order packing indicator.
C 0 - Method not used.
C 8 - Method in use.
C 13 Boustrophedonic ordering indicator.
C 0 - Sub-method not used.
C 4 - Sub-method in use.
C 14 Spatial differencing 1st indicator.
C 0 - Sub-method used at order KSEC4(15) if equal to 1.
C 2 - Sub-method used, at order 2+KSEC4(15).
C 15 Spatial differencing 2nd indicator.
C 0 - Sub-method used at order KSEC4(14) if equal to 2.
C 1 - Sub-method used, at order KSEC4(14)+1.
C
C Spatial differencing feature is used at order
C KSEC4(14)+KSEC4(15), provided this sum is not 0, and the
C valid entries mentioned above are used.
C
C Contents of words 16-20 for simple packing cases :
C
C 16-20 Set to 0.
C
C Contents of words 16-20 for complex packing of spectral data :
C
C 16 Pointer to the start of packed data values.
C 17 Scaling factor P, stored as the integer value P*1000
C (in the range -10000 to +10000) for GRIB edition 1.
C (and as P for GRIB edition 0 decoding)
C 18 Pentagonal resolution parameter J for data subset
C stored as 32-bit floating-point values.
C 19 Pentagonal resolution parameter K for data subset.
C 20 Pentagonal resolution parameter M for data subset.
C
C Contents of words 16-20 for complex packing of grid-point data
C (second-order packing) :
C
C 16 Pointer (relative to section 4) to first-order values.
C 17 Pointer (relative to section 4) to 2nd-order values.
C 18 Number of first-order values.
C 19 Number of second-order values.
C 20 Group width (8 bits in standard cases).
C
C Words 21 to 24 are supplied back both for decoding and encoding
C functions.
C
C 21 Number of non-missing points if masked field .
C (set to 0 otherwise)
C 22 Bit-map pointer to explicit bit-map if any.
C (set to 0 otherwise)
C 23 Full length of section 4 (octets).
C 24 Unused bit count at end of section 4.
C
C 25-33 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C Words 34 to 42 are used only for the 'X'
C function. Scanning mode must be from West
C to East and from North to South.
C 34 Number of points (maximum 4) from which
C data is to be unpacked.
C 35 Number of latitude row of first value.
C 36 Number of longitude point of first value.
C 37 Number of latitude row of second value.
C 38 Number of longitude point of second value.
C 39 Number of latitude row of third value.
C 40 Number of longitude point of third value.
C 41 Number of latitude row of fourth value.
C 42 Number of longitude point of fourth value.
C
C For grid point packing, with a matrix of
C values at each grid point, words 50 to
C 50+NC1+NC2 are used as follows.
C 50 First dimension (rows) of each matrix.
C 51 Second dimension (columns) of each matrix.
C 52 First dimension coordinate values definition
C See Code Table 12.
C 53 NC1- Number of coefficients or values used to
C specify first dimension coordinate function.
C 54 Second dimension coordinate values definition
C See Code Table 12.
C 55 NC2- Number of coefficients or values used to
C specify second dimension coordinate function.
C 56 First dimension physical significance. See
C Code Table 13.
C 57 Second dimension physical significance. See
C Code Table 13.
C 58 - 59 Reserved. Set to 0.
C
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C ! !
C ! In the WMO specification the following !
C ! fields are integer values. ECMWF uses !
C ! floating point values for the wave models !
C ! so these fields contain real values on !
C ! both input and output.
C ! !
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C
C 60 - (59+NC1) Coefficients to define first dimension
C coordinate values in functional form, or the
C the explicit coordinate values.
C (60+NC1)-(59+NC1+NC2) Coefficients to define second dimension
C coordinate values in functional form, or the
C the explicit coordinate values.
C
C
C
C
C
C PSEC4 - Array of data values to be packed in GRIB
C code or which have been unpacked. Where a
C bit-map is included in the GRIB message
C this array contains missing data indicator
C ( value supplied by the user in PSEC3(2)
C or KSEC3(2) ) at the appropriate places.
C
C Although declared as real in GRIBEX this
C can be an array of integer data. The value
C in KSEC4(5) indicates whether data is in
C integer or floating point format.
C
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C ! !
C ! When CODING data, PSEC4 is OVERWRITTEN. !
C ! !
C !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
C
C Output parameters for coding function.
C Input Parameters for decoding functions.
C -----------------------------------------
C
C KGRIB - Array containing GRIB coded data.
C
C KWORD - Number of words of KGRIB occupied by
C coded data. Output parameter for coding
C function only. Not required as input
C for decoding.
C
C Output Parameters for all functions.
C -----------------------------------
C
C KSEC0 - Word 1 contains number of octets in
C GRIB message (not including padding to
C a word boundary or rounding to a multiple
C of 120 octets).
C - Word 2 contains GRIB edition number.
C
C KRET - Return code.
C
C Informative codes for decoding functions.
C
C -2 , Bit-map encountered with all bits
C set to 1. Array PSEC4 contains all
C real data values.
C -3 , Predetermined bit-map encountered.
C Data has not been fully decoded ie
C array PSEC4 contains only real data
C values. The user must use this data
C in conjunction with the defined
C bit-map.
C -4 , Bit-map encountered. The data has
C been fully decoded ie array PSEC4
C contains real values and missing
C data indicators where appropriate.
C -5 , Bit-map encountered. The data has
C not been decoded. This return code
C is set only by the 'Z' function.
C -6 , ECMWF pseudo-grib data encountered.
C
C Error codes.
C
C 0 , No error encountered.
C 201 , Invalid function requested.
C 202 , Number of bits per data value exceeds
C word length.
C 203 , Missing data indicated and data field
C contains non-zero values.
C 204 , Number of bits for coding value is zero
C or negative.
C 301 , Error in inserting/extracting
C letters GRIB.
C 302 , Error extracting length of GRIB
C message.
C 303 , Error inserting/extracting GRIB
C Edition Number.
C 304 , Error extracting octets 22 and 23
C Experimental Edition check.
C 305 , Input data is not GRIB or pseudo-
C grib.
C 401 , Error inserting/extracting length of
C Section 1.
C 402 , Error inserting/extracting Parameter
C Version Number.
C 403 , Error inserting/extracting six fields
C from Identification of Centre to
C Indicator of type of level.
C 404 , Error inserting/extracting Height,
C pressure, etc of levels.
C 405 , Error inserting/extracting six fields
C from Year of century to Indicator
C of unit of time range.
C 406 , Error inserting/extracting Period of
C time.
C 407 , Error inserting/extracting time range
C indicator.
C 408 , Error inserting/extracting number
C averaged.
C 409 , Error inserting/extracting number
C missing from averages etc.
C 410 , Error inserting/extracting century of
C data or reserved field.
C 411 , Error inserting/extracting units
C decimal scale factor.
C 412 , Error inserting/extracting ECMWF
C local data.
C 413 , Grib Edition not catered for.
C 414 , Error inserting/extracting sub-centre.
C 499 , Error found when checking values for
C Section 1 against valid GRIB values.
C
C 501 , Error inserting/extracting length of
C Section 2.
C 502 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C Vertical coordinate parameters.
C 503 , Error inserting/extracting location
C of List of vertical coordinate
C parameters or List of numbers of
C points.
C 504 , Error inserting/extracting data
C representation type.
C 505 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C points along a parallel or meridian.
C 506 , Error inserting/extracting latitude
C or longitude of first grid point.
C 507 , Error inserting/extracting components
C flag.
C 508 , Error inserting/extracting latitude
C or longitude of last grid point.
C 509 , Error inserting/extracting i
C direction increment.
C 510 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C parallels between pole and Equator.
C 511 , Error inserting/extracting scanning
C mode flags.
C 513 , Error inserting/extracting j
C direction increment.
C 514 , Error inserting/extracting J,K,M
C pentagonal resolution parameters.
C 515 , Error inserting/extracting
C representation type or mode.
C 517 , Error inserting/extracting latitude
C or longitude of southern pole.
C 518 , Error inserting/extracting angle
C of rotation.
C 519 , Error inserting/extracting latitude
C or of pole of stretching.
C 520 , Error inserting/extracting
C stretching factor.
C 521 , Error inserting/extracting
C vertical coordinate parameters.
C 522 , Error inserting/extracting list of
C numbers of points.
C 523 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C points along X or Y axis.
C 524 , Error inserting/extracting X or Y
C axis grid lengths.
C 525 , Error inserting/extracting Projection
C centre flag.
C 526 , Error inserting/extracting latitude
C or longitude of sub-satellite point.
C 527 , Error inserting/extracting diameter
C of the earth in x or y direction.
C 528 , Error inserting/extracting X or Y
C coordinate of sub-satellite point.
C 529 , Error inserting/extracting orientatio
C of the grid or camera angle.
C 530 , Error inserting/extracting X or Y
C coordinates of origin of sector.
C 598 , Representation type not catered for.
C 599 , Error found when checking values for
C Section 2 against valid GRIB values.
C 601 , Error inserting/extracting length of
C Section 3.
C 602 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C unused bits at end of section 3.
C 603 , Error inserting/extracting bit-map
C reference table.
C 604 , Error inserting/extracting primary
C Bit-map.
C 605 , Cannot convert Quasi-regular
C Gaussian grid with a bit-map.
C 699 , Error found when checking values for
C Section 3 against valid GRIB values.
C 701 , Error inserting/extracting length of
C Section 4.
C 703 , Second-order packing implies
C additional flags.
C 704 , Functions 'A','B','G' invalid with
C second-order packing.
C 705 , Only simple packing catered for.
C 706 , Error in extracting section 4 flag
C field.
C 707 , Error inserting/extracting scale
C factor.
C 708 , Error inserting/extracting reference
C value.
C 709 , Error inserting/extracting number of
C bits per data value.
C 710 , Output array too small.
C 711 , Error inserting/extracting real
C coefficient.
C 712 , Error inserting/extracting data
C values.
C 713 , Error inserting/extracting flag
C and unused bit field.
C 714 , Function is 'X' and number of
C values is illegal.
C 715 , Function is 'X' and scanning mode is
C not North to South and West to East.
C 716 , Function is 'X' and field is not
C Gaussian or Latitude/longitude grid.
C 717 , Function is 'X' and a bit-map is
C included.
C 720 , Error inserting/extracting octet
C number at which packed data begins.
C 721 , Error inserting/extracting extended
C extended flag field.
C 722 , Error inserting/extracting first or
C second dimension of matrix.
C 723 , Error inserting/extracting six fields
C from first dimension coordinate value
C onwards.
C 724 , Error inserting/ectracting first or
C second dimension coefficients.
C 725 , Error inserting secondary bit-maps.
C 726 , Explicitly constant field not
C supported without a section 2.
C 727 , Explicitly constant field not
C supported for spectral field.
C 728 , Functions 'G' or 'B' not supported
C for an explicitly constant field.
C 798 , Function is 'X' and no section 2 is
C included.
C 799 , Error found when checking values for
C Section 4 against valid GRIB values.
C 801 , Error inserting/extracting 7777 group
C 802 , Error inserting/extracting length of
C GRIB message.
C 805 , End of message 7777 group not found.
C 806 , Error in extracting primary or
C secondary bit maps.
C 808 , Error converting quasi-regular
C gaussian grid to regular.
C 810 , Error inserting dummy zero.
C
C
C Method.
C -------
C
C Input data packed in GRIB code in accordance with
C parameters given or set by user or fully or partially
C unpacked, depending on function used.
C
C Externals.
C ----------
C
C ABORTX
C C2ORDR
C CONFP3
C CSECT4
C CSGNBT
C D2ORDR
C DECFP2
C DSECT4
C DSGNBT
C ECLOC1
C EXSCAL
C EXTMAP
C GBITMAP
C GRCHK1
C GRCHK2
C GRCHK3
C GRCHK4
C GRPRS0
C GRPRS1
C GRPRS2
C GRPRS3
C GRPRS4
C INSCAL
C INSMP1
C INSMP2
C INXBIT
C MAXMIN
C MAXMN2
C QU2REG2
C RORINT
C SETPAR
C
C Reference.
C ----------
C
C WMO Manual on Codes for GRIB definition.
C WMO Publication No. 9, Volume B, for grid catalogue numbers.
C
C Comments.
C ---------
C
C All machine dependent code is in 3 low level routines.
C Versions of these exist for the VAX, CYBER, IBM
C and SUN workstation, as well as the CRAY.
C INXBIT - contains calls to the routines GBYTE(S)
C and SBYTE(S) or their equivalents.
C SETPAR - to set number of bits in the computer word
C and largest negative number.
C ABORTX - to terminate execution of the job.
C
C This routine codes/decodes:
C - regular and quasi-regular latitude/longitude grids,
C - regular and quasi-regular gaussian grids,
C - spherical harmonics,
C - space view perspective or orthographic fields,
C - polar stereographic data,
C - lambert conformal grids.
C Grids may be rotated, stretched, or rotated and stretched.
C They may have primary and secondary bit-maps.
C Only simple packing of integer data is allowed, but
C real data may use simple or complex packing.
C Matrices of values at grid points are supported and the
C additional flag field is allowed.
C
C Apart from the values which can be passed to this
C routine, other values are held in a common area and
C are used by default, unless changed by calls to the
C appropriate routines before calling GRIBEX. The
C following defaults are used. They have been selected
C to facilitate the most frequent usage at ECMWF and
C to ease the transition to the next version of the
C GRIB code.
C
C 1) By default debug printout is switched off.
C CALL GRSDBG (I) where
C I = Non-zero to switch on debug printout.
C 0, to switch off debug printout.
C
C 2) By default the reference value used is the minimum
C of the data values supplied.
C CALL GRSREF (ZREF) to change the value, where ZREF
C is real and the required value.
C
C 3) By default GRIB messages are rounded to a
C multiple of 120 octets.
C CALL GRSRND (I) where
C I = 0, to switch off rounding.
C Non-zero to switch on rounding.
C
C 4) By default, the values given are checked for
C consistency with GRIB code values as currently
C defined, when coding data. Data values are never
C checked.
C CALL GRSVCK (I) where
C I = 0, to switch off checking.
C Non-zero to switch on checking.
C
C
C 5) By default P factor calculation switch is switched
C off, i.e. the user supplies the P factor for complex
C packing.
C CALL GRSMKP (I) where
C I = 0 , user supplies the P factor
C = Non-zero , GRIBEX calculates the P
C factor.
C
C
C Ancillary print routines are available for the
C various sections of the GRIB code.
C
C CALL GRPRS0 (KSEC0) To print section 0.
C
C CALL GRPRS1 (KSEC0,KSEC1) To print section 1.
C
C CALL GRPRS2 (KSEC0,KSEC2,PSEC2) To print section 2.
C
C CALL GRPRS3 (KSEC0,KSEC3,PSEC3) To print section 3.
C
C CALL GRPRS4 (KSEC0,KSEC4,PSEC4) To print section 4.
C
C Routine contains Sections 0 to 9.
C
C Author.
C -------
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 25.06.91
C
C Modifications.
C --------------
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 09.07.91
C Functions 'R' and 'L' added.
C Release 1 of software.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 14.08.91
C Functions 'S' and 'X' added.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 23.08.91
C Bit-map handling added.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 04.09.91
C Polar stereographic representation added.
C Flag bit handling modified. Various bugs fixed.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 11.09.91
C Function 'M' added.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 24.09.91
C Space view perspective representation added.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 01.10.91
C Integer data handling added. Length of GRIB message
C for Experimental Edition and Edition 0 included
C when function 'I' is used.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 25.10.91
C When decoding data with bit-maps, include the number of
C missing data values in the number of values decoded.
C Release 2 of software.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 30.10.91
C Check for ECMWF pseudo-grib data made specific for
C parameter numbers 127 and 128.
C Bug in 'X' function fixed.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 22.11.91
C A number of machine dependent features removed.
C Bug fixed in Polar Stereographic representation.
C Release 3 of software.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 23.01.92
C Handling of missing fields modified.
C Print of sections 2 and 3 suppressed, if not used.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 21.07.92
C Consistency checks moved from end to start of sections.
C Secondary bit-maps and matrix of values at each grid
C point and additional flag field added.
C X and Y coordinates of origin of sector image added
C to space view perspective representation.
C Release 4 of software.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 24.09.92
C Bugfix. KSEC4(3) set to 0 before checking type of data.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 12.10.92
C Check for 'GRIB` added when decoding data.
C Return correct error code, if 7777 group not found and
C GRIB message contains bit-maps.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 06.11.92
C ECMWF use of part of Section 1 reserved for local use.
C Release 5 of software.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 25.02.93
C Check on valid Grib Edition number added.
C
C J. Hennessy ECMWF 19.05.93
C ECMWF local uses 3 and 4 added.
C Function 'G' added.
C Release 6 of software. (NEXT VERSION on Cray and IBM only)
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 18.10.93
C ECMWF local use 5. (Forecast probabilities).
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 09.03.94
C Add check that given number of bits for packing is positive
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 15.04.94
C Add options 'A' and 'B' for handling 8-bit data.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 09.04.04
C Add complex packing for spherical harmonics.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 21.06.94
C Set encode/decode flag allowing for possible use of 'L' option
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 07.07.94
C Put zeroes in all reserved fields (don't assume arrays have
C been zeroed).
C Use csgnbt and dsgnbt to code/decode sign bits.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 13.07.94
C Replace call to QU2REG by call to QU2REG2 to allow linear
C interpolation of fields with missing data values.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 06.09.94
C Add user option to supply the P factor for complex packing
C This is switched on/off by a user call to GRSMKP.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 11.11.94
C Fix type of ZS for NOS/VE and assign of LENCODE/LDECODE
C for 'L' option
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 21.11.94
C Use JNINT on VAX
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 19.01.95
C Allow for section 1 local use definition 8 (ERA)
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 21.02.95
C Allow for quasi-regular lat/long grids (c.f.Washington SSTs)
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 22.02.95
C Changes for sensitivity forecast.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 23.05.95
C Add check that output array is big enough for filling with
C missing data values.
C Add return warning (-7) when all data values are missing.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 29.06.95
C Allow for global product with wraparound, eg last longitude
C repeats first in composite Washington SSTs.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 29.06.95
C Allow Lambert conformal.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 30.06.95
C Remove return warning (-7) when all data values are missing.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 13.09.95
C Fail decoding if number of bits per packed value = number
C of bits per computer word (error 205).
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 09.10.95
C Add decoding of Washington ensemble products local usage.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 11.01.96
C Use section 1 octet 26 for designated sub-centres:
C = 98 for EPS products from Washington with
C ECMWF extensions.
C = 240 for ECMWF seasonal forecast centre.
C = 241 for Meteo France.
C = 242 for EDF.
C = 243 for UKMO.
C = 0 otherwise.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 09.02.96
C Add 'J' decoding option.
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF 24.10.96
C Add handling of predetermined bitmap
C
C J.D.Chambers ECMWF Feb 1997
C Allow for 64-bit pointers
C
C J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - January 1998.
C Add coding and decoding of second-order packed grid-point data.
C Function 'K' added.
C Enables decoding of explicitly constant fields (0-bit number)
C for grid-point fields encoded with a section 2.
C Update table 3 for level/layer management.
C KSEC1(22) enforced only when coding ECMWF data.
C For 'R' option, secure when no primary bit-map,
C and take into account periodicity (or not) of input grid.
C Default setting of global variables through GRSDEF routine.
C For masked fields, effective number of points returned
C in KSEC3(2).
C
C J. Clochard, Meteo France, for ECMWF - September 1998.
C Enable decoding of complex packing spectral data in GRIB edition 0
C and/or without section 2.
C KSEC0 added in DSECT4 calling syntax.
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