This file is indexed.

/usr/share/perl5/Authen/Passphrase/DESCrypt.pm is in libauthen-passphrase-perl 0.008-2.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
=head1 NAME

Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt - passphrases using the DES-based Unix
crypt()

=head1 SYNOPSIS

	use Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt;

	$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
			salt_base64 => "my",
			hash_base64 => "TYK.j.88/9s");

	$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
			salt_random => 12,
			passphrase => "passphrase");

	$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt
		->from_crypt('myTYK.j.88/9s');

	$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
			fold => 1,
			initial => "xyzzy!!!",
			nrounds => 500,
			salt_base64 => "quux",
			hash_base64 => "QCKcHlgVsRY");

	$fold = $ppr->fold;
	$initial = $ppr->initial;
	$initial_base64 = $ppr->initial_base64;
	$nrounds = $ppr->nrounds;
	$nrounds_base64 = $ppr->nrounds_base64_4;
	$salt = $ppr->salt;
	$salt_base64 = $ppr->salt_base64_2;
	$salt_base64 = $ppr->salt_base64_4;
	$hash = $ppr->hash;
	$hash_base64 = $ppr->hash_base64;

	if($ppr->match($passphrase)) { ...

	$passwd = $ppr->as_crypt;
	$userPassword = $ppr->as_rfc2307;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

An object of this class encapsulates a passphrase hashed using some
form of the DES-based Unix crypt() hash function.  This is a subclass
of L<Authen::Passphrase>, and this document assumes that the reader is
familiar with the documentation for that class.

The crypt() function in a modern Unix actually supports several different
passphrase schemes.  That is not what this class is about.  This class
is concerned only with one family of schemes, variants of the DES-based
scheme that crypt() originally implemented, which confusingly is usually
referred to merely as "crypt()".  To handle the whole range of passphrase
schemes supported by the modern crypt(), see the
L<from_crypt|Authen::Passphrase/from_crypt> constructor and the
L<as_crypt|Authen::Passphrase/as_crypt> method in L<Authen::Passphrase>.

I<Warning:> this password scheme is weak by modern standards, and in
any case does not support a large password space.  Cracking crypt()ed
passwords has been a routine activity since the early 1990s.  This scheme
is supported for compatibility reasons only, and should not be used
except when compatibility is required.  Do not use this in the design of
any new system or for new passwords in any system that supports better
passphrase schemes.

=head2 The traditional DES-based Unix crypt() password scheme

The traditional Unix crypt() password scheme is based on the DES block
encryption algorithm.  Using the password as a 56-bit key, it passes a
64-bit data block, initialised to zero, through the encryption function
25 times, and the hash is the 64-bit output of this process.  A 12-bit
salt is used to tweak the encryption algorithm.

The 56-bit key is extracted from the password in a very poor way.
Only the first eight bytes of the password are used, and any remainder
is ignored.  This makes it impossible to use a passphrase, rather than
a password, hence the terminology in this section.  Of the eight bytes
used, the top bit is also ignored; this function hails from the days of
pure ASCII.

A password hash of this scheme is conventionally represented in ASCII as
a 13-character string using a base 64 encoding.  The base 64 digits are
"B<.>", "B</>", "B<0>" to "B<9>", "B<A>" to "B<Z>", "B<a>" to "B<z>"
(in ASCII order).  The first two characters give the 12-bit salt.
The remaining eleven characters give the 64-bit hash.  Because the base
64 encoding can represent 66 bits in eleven digits, more than the 64
required, the last character of the string can only take sixteen of the
base 64 digit values.

=head2 Variant DES-based Unix crypt() passphrase schemes

To make password cracking more difficult, historically some Unix sites
modified the crypt() function to be incompatible with the standard one.
This was easily achieved by initialising the data block to something
other than the standard all-bits-zero.  Another variation used was to
increase the number of encryption rounds, which makes cracking take
longer in addition to being non-standard.  Password hashes on such a
system looked normal but were not interoperable with standard crypt()
implementations.  To interpret them properly it is necessary to know
the modified parameters.

BSDi standardised an extended DES-based scheme.  The salt is extended to
24 bits, and the number of encryption rounds is variable.  Passphrases
longer than 8 characters are handled by an additional step that folds
(hashes) them down to 8 characters, rather than just throwing away
the characters after the eighth.  Passphrase hashes in this scheme
are conventionally represented in ASCII as a "B<_>" followed by 19
characters of base 64.  The first four base 64 digits give the number
of encryption rounds, the next four give the salt, and the remaining
eleven give the hash.

=cut

package Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt;

{ use 5.006; }
use warnings;
use strict;

use Authen::Passphrase 0.003;
use Carp qw(croak);
use Crypt::UnixCrypt_XS 0.08 qw(
	fold_password crypt_rounds
	base64_to_block block_to_base64
	base64_to_int24 int24_to_base64
	base64_to_int12 int12_to_base64
);
use Data::Entropy::Algorithms 0.000 qw(rand_int);

our $VERSION = "0.008";

use parent "Authen::Passphrase";

=head1 CONSTRUCTORS

=over

=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(ATTR => VALUE, ...)

Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the generalised
DES-based crypt() algorithm.  The following attributes may be given:

=over

=item B<fold>

Truth value indicating whether the BSDi passphrase folding scheme should be
used for long passphrases.  Default false, for compatibility with the
original DES-based scheme.

=item B<initial>

The initial data block to encrypt, as a string of exactly eight bytes.
Default all bits zero, for compatibility with the original DES-based
scheme.

=item B<initial_base64>

The initial data block to encrypt, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.

=item B<nrounds>

The number of encryption rounds to use, as a Perl integer.  Default 25,
for compatibility with the original DES-based scheme.

=item B<nrounds_base64>

The number of encryption rounds to use, as a string of four base 64
digits.

=item B<salt>

The salt, as an integer in the range [0, 16777216).

=item B<salt_base64>

The salt, as a string of two or four base 64 digits.

=item B<salt_random>

Causes salt to be generated randomly.  The value given for this attribute
must be either 12 or 24, giving the number of bits of salt to generate.
The source of randomness may be controlled by the facility described
in L<Data::Entropy>.

=item B<hash>

The hash (output of encryption), as a string of exactly eight bytes.

=item B<hash_base64>

The hash, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.

=item B<passphrase>

A passphrase that will be accepted.

=back

The salt must be given, and either the hash or the passphrase.  The other
parameters default to those used in the original DES-based crypt().

=cut

sub new {
	my $class = shift;
	my $self = bless({}, $class);
	my $passphrase;
	while(@_) {
		my $attr = shift;
		my $value = shift;
		if($attr eq "fold") {
			croak "foldness specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{fold};
			$self->{fold} = !!$value;
		} elsif($attr eq "initial") {
			croak "initial block specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{initial};
			$value =~ m#\A[\x00-\xff]{8}\z#
				or croak "not a valid raw block";
			$self->{initial} = "$value";
		} elsif($attr eq "initial_base64") {
			croak "initial block specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{initial};
			$value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{10}[.26AEIMQUYcgkosw]\z#
				or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid ".
					"encoded block";
			$self->{initial} = base64_to_block($value);
		} elsif($attr eq "nrounds") {
			croak "number of rounds specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{nrounds};
			croak "\"$value\" is not a valid number of rounds"
				unless $value == int($value) && $value >= 0;
			$self->{nrounds} = 0+$value;
		} elsif($attr eq "nrounds_base64") {
			croak "number of rounds specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{nrounds};
			croak "\"$value\" is not a valid number of rounds"
				unless $value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{4}\z#;
			$self->{nrounds} = base64_to_int24($value);
		} elsif($attr eq "salt") {
			croak "salt specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{salt};
			croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt"
				unless $value == int($value) &&
					$value >= 0 && $value < 16777216;
			$self->{salt} = 0+$value;
		} elsif($attr eq "salt_base64") {
			croak "salt specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{salt};
			$value =~ m#\A(?:[./0-9A-Za-z]{2}|[./0-9A-Za-z]{4})\z#
				or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt";
			$self->{salt} = length($value) == 2 ?
				base64_to_int12($value) :
				base64_to_int24($value);
		} elsif($attr eq "salt_random") {
			croak "salt specified redundantly"
				if exists $self->{salt};
			croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt size"
				unless $value == 12 || $value == 24;
			$self->{salt} = rand_int(1 << $value);
		} elsif($attr eq "hash") {
			croak "hash specified redundantly"
				if exists($self->{hash}) ||
					defined($passphrase);
			$value =~ m#\A[\x00-\xff]{8}\z#
				or croak "not a valid raw hash";
			$self->{hash} = "$value";
		} elsif($attr eq "hash_base64") {
			croak "hash specified redundantly"
				if exists($self->{hash}) ||
					defined($passphrase);
			$value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{10}[.26AEIMQUYcgkosw]\z#
				or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid ".
					"encoded hash";
			$self->{hash} = base64_to_block($value);
		} elsif($attr eq "passphrase") {
			croak "passphrase specified redundantly"
				if exists($self->{hash}) ||
					defined($passphrase);
			$passphrase = $value;
		} else {
			croak "unrecognised attribute `$attr'";
		}
	}
	$self->{fold} = !!0 unless exists $self->{fold};
	$self->{initial} = "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" unless exists $self->{initial};
	$self->{nrounds} = 25 unless exists $self->{nrounds};
	croak "salt not specified" unless exists $self->{salt};
	$self->{hash} = $self->_hash_of($passphrase) if defined $passphrase;
	croak "hash not specified" unless exists $self->{hash};
	return $self;
}

=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->from_crypt(PASSWD)

Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the DES-based crypt()
algorithm, from a crypt string.  Two forms of crypt string are supported.

The first form of crypt string must consist of 13 base 64 digits.
The first two give the salt, and the next eleven give the hash.
Long passphrases are not folded, the initial block is all bits zero,
and 25 encryption rounds are performed.

The second form of crypt string must consist of an "B<_>" followed
by 19 base 64 digits.  The first four give the number of encryption
rounds, the next four give the salt, and the next eleven give the hash.
Long passphrases are folded, and the initial block is all bits zero.

=cut

sub from_crypt {
	my($class, $passwd) = @_;
	if($passwd =~ /\A[^\$].{12}\z/s) {
		$passwd =~ m#\A([./0-9A-Za-z]{2})([./0-9A-Za-z]{11})\z#
			or croak "malformed DES crypt data";
		my($salt, $hash) = ($1, $2);
		return $class->new(salt_base64 => $salt, hash_base64 => $hash);
	} elsif($passwd =~ /\A_.{19}\z/s) {
		$passwd =~ m#\A_([./0-9A-Za-z]{4})([./0-9A-Za-z]{4})
				([./0-9A-Za-z]{11})\z#x
			or croak "malformed _ data";
		my($nr, $salt, $hash) = ($1, $2, $3);
		return $class->new(fold => 1, nrounds_base64 => $nr,
				   salt_base64 => $salt, hash_base64 => $hash);
	}
	return $class->SUPER::from_crypt($passwd);
}

=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->from_rfc2307(USERPASSWORD)

Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the DES-based
crypt() algorithm, from an RFC 2307 string.  The string must consist of
"B<{CRYPT}>" (case insensitive) followed by an acceptable crypt string.

=back

=head1 METHODS

=over

=item $ppr->fold

Returns a truth value indicating whether passphrase folding is used.

=cut

sub fold {
	my($self) = @_;
	return $self->{fold};
}

=item $ppr->initial

Returns the initial block, as a string of eight bytes.

=cut

sub initial {
	my($self) = @_;
	return $self->{initial};
}

=item $ppr->initial_base64

Returns the initial block, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.

=cut

sub initial_base64 {
	my($self) = @_;
	return block_to_base64($self->{initial});
}

=item $ppr->nrounds

Returns the number of encryption rounds, as a Perl integer.

=cut

sub nrounds {
	my($self) = @_;
	return $self->{nrounds};
}

=item $ppr->nrounds_base64_4

Returns the number of encryption rounds, as a string of four base
64 digits.

=cut

sub nrounds_base64_4 {
	my($self) = @_;
	return int24_to_base64($self->{nrounds});
}

=item $ppr->salt

Returns the salt, as a Perl integer.

=cut

sub salt {
	my($self) = @_;
	return $self->{salt};
}

=item $ppr->salt_base64_2

Returns the salt, as a string of two base 64 digits.  C<die>s if it
doesn't fit into two digits.

=cut

sub salt_base64_2 {
	my($self) = @_;
	my $salt = $self->{salt};
	croak "salt $salt doesn't fit into two digits" if $salt >= 4096;
	return int12_to_base64($salt);
}

=item $ppr->salt_base64_4

Returns the salt, as a string of four base 64 digits.

=cut

sub salt_base64_4 {
	my($self) = @_;
	return int24_to_base64($self->{salt});
}

=item $ppr->hash

Returns the hash value, as a string of eight bytes.

=cut

sub hash {
	my($self) = @_;
	return $self->{hash};
}

=item $ppr->hash_base64

Returns the hash value, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.

=cut

sub hash_base64 {
	my($self) = @_;
	return block_to_base64($self->{hash});
}

=item $ppr->match(PASSPHRASE)

=item $ppr->as_crypt

=item $ppr->as_rfc2307

These methods are part of the standard L<Authen::Passphrase> interface.

=cut



sub _hash_of {
	my($self, $passphrase) = @_;
	$passphrase = fold_password($passphrase) if $self->{fold};
	return crypt_rounds($passphrase, $self->{nrounds}, $self->{salt},
			    $self->{initial});
}

sub match {
	my($self, $passphrase) = @_;
	return $self->_hash_of($passphrase) eq $self->{hash};
}

sub as_crypt {
	my($self) = @_;
	if(!$self->{fold} && $self->{initial} eq "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" &&
			$self->{nrounds} == 25 && $self->{salt} < 4096) {
		return $self->salt_base64_2.$self->hash_base64;
	} elsif($self->{fold} && $self->{initial} eq "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0") {
		return "_".$self->nrounds_base64_4.$self->salt_base64_4.
			$self->hash_base64;
	} else {
		croak "passphrase can't be expressed as a crypt string";
	}
}

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<Authen::Passphrase>,
L<Crypt::UnixCrypt_XS>

=head1 AUTHOR

Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>

=head1 COPYRIGHT

Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012
Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>

=head1 LICENSE

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.

=cut

1;