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<title>GNU M4 1.4.18 macro processor: Syntax</title>
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<a name="Syntax"></a>
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<p>
Next: <a href="Macros.html#Macros" accesskey="n" rel="next">Macros</a>, Previous: <a href="Invoking-m4.html#Invoking-m4" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Invoking m4</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Indices.html#Indices" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="Lexical-and-syntactic-conventions"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">3 Lexical and syntactic conventions</h2>
<a name="index-input-tokens"></a>
<a name="index-tokens"></a>
<p>As <code>m4</code> reads its input, it separates it into <em>tokens</em>. A
token is either a name, a quoted string, or any single character, that
is not a part of either a name or a string. Input to <code>m4</code> can also
contain comments. GNU <code>m4</code> does not yet understand
multibyte locales; all operations are byte-oriented rather than
character-oriented (although if your locale uses a single byte
encoding, such as <small>ISO-8859-1</small>, you will not notice a difference).
However, <code>m4</code> is eight-bit clean, so you can
use non-<small>ASCII</small> characters in quoted strings (see <a href="Changequote.html#Changequote">Changequote</a>),
comments (see <a href="Changecom.html#Changecom">Changecom</a>), and macro names (see <a href="Indir.html#Indir">Indir</a>), with the
exception of the <small>NUL</small> character (the zero byte ‘<samp>'\0'</samp>’).
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Names.html#Names" accesskey="1">Names</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Macro names
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Quoted-strings.html#Quoted-strings" accesskey="2">Quoted strings</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Quoting input to <code>m4</code>
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Comments.html#Comments" accesskey="3">Comments</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Comments in <code>m4</code> input
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Other-tokens.html#Other-tokens" accesskey="4">Other tokens</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Other kinds of input tokens
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Input-processing.html#Input-processing" accesskey="5">Input processing</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How <code>m4</code> copies input to output
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