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<H2><A NAME="sec:10.6"><SPAN class="sec-nr">10.6</SPAN> <SPAN class="sec-title">Window 
layout in a frame</SPAN></A></H2>

<A NAME="sec:framelayout"></A>

<P><A NAME="idx:framelayout:368"></A><A NAME="idx:windowlayoutinframe:369"></A><A NAME="idx:layoutwindow:370"></A>A <A class="" href="summary.html#class:frame">frame</A> 
is the gateway between a collection of tiled
<A class="" href="summary.html#class:window">window</A><EM>s</EM> 
(graphics, dialog) and the Window System. Any displayed window has a 
frame. The <A NAME="idx:windowsendcreate:371"></A>`<B>window<CODE>-&gt;</CODE>create</B>' 
method (invoked by
<A NAME="idx:windowsendopen:372"></A>`<B>window<CODE>-&gt;</CODE>open</B>') 
will create a default frame for a window if the window does not have a 
frame.

<P>Windows in a frame are controlled by a hierarchy of <A class="" href="summary.html#class:tile">tile</A> 
objects. The leaves of this hierarchy manage an individual window, while 
the non-leaf tiles either manages a left-to-right list of sub-tiles or a 
top-to-bottom list. A non-leaf <EM>horizontal</EM> (left-to-right) tile 
forces all windows to be as high as the highest wishes to be and 
distributes the horizontal space over the sub-tiles, while a <EM>vertical</EM> 
tile forces all members to the same (widest) member and distributes the 
vertical space.

<P>A tile hierarchy is built using the methods <A NAME="idx:windowsendabove:373"></A>`<B>window<CODE>-&gt;</CODE>above</B>', 
etc. described below. Each window is born with a leaf-tile. If two 
windows are connected using <B><CODE>-&gt;</CODE>left</B> or <B><CODE>-&gt;</CODE>right</B>, 
a horizontal tile is created. Any other window associated to the left or 
right will be added as a member to this horizontal tile. A analogous 
story applies to vertically stacked windows.

<P>If a window or collection of windows is placed left of a vertical 
tiled stack of windows, a horizontal tile is created.

<P>Whenever a window receives one of the <B><CODE>-&gt;</CODE>above</B>, <B><CODE>-&gt;</CODE>left</B>, 
etc. messages, it will forward these messages to the root of the 
associated tile hierarchy. Assuming both windows are not yet related, 
the root tiles negotiate the alignment (combine, become member, create a 
new root).

<P>Suppose we want to realise the window layout shown in <A class="fig" href="framelayout.html#fig:flayout1">figure 
16</A>. Now, look for windows that have equal width or height. This is 
the starting point, <B>W3</B> and <B>W4</B> in this example. So, the 
first statement is:

<PRE class="code">
        send(W3, above, W4)
</PRE>

<P><A NAME="fig:flayout1"></A>
<CENTER>
<IMG SRC="flayout1.gif">
</CENTER>
<TABLE ALIGN=center WIDTH="75%"><TR><TD>
<B>Figure 16 : </B>Demo window layout</TABLE>

<P>Note that `send(W4, below, W3)' is the same, except that if both <B>W3</B> 
and <B>W4</B> have a <A class="" href="summary.html#class:frame">frame</A> 
attached, the frame of the <EM>argument</EM> of the message will hold 
both windows, while the frame of the <EM>receiver</EM> is destroyed.

<P>Now simply continue inwards-out:

<PRE class="code">
        send(W2, left, W3),
        send(W1, above, W2),
        send(W5, below, W2)
</PRE>

<P>Note that `send(W2, left, W4)' is <EM>exactly</EM> the same as 
positioning
<B>W2</B> left of <B>W3</B>. The resulting tile hierarchy is shown in
<A class="fig" href="framelayout.html#fig:tilehier1">figure 17</A>. The 
numbers indicate the order of creation of the various objects.

<P><A NAME="fig:tilehier1"></A>
<CENTER>
<IMG SRC="tilehier1.gif">
</CENTER>
<TABLE ALIGN=center WIDTH="75%"><TR><TD>
<B>Figure 17 : </B>Tile hierarchy of example</TABLE>

<H3><A NAME="sec:10.6.1"><SPAN class="sec-nr">10.6.1</SPAN> <SPAN class="sec-title">Windows 
sizes and automatic adjustment</SPAN></A></H3>

<P><A NAME="idx:windowsizespecification:374"></A>A <A class="" href="summary.html#class:tile">tile</A> 
defines six size parameters, described below.

<DL>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;ideal_width:</STRONG> <VAR>int</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;ideal_height:</STRONG> <VAR>int</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
These two parameters describe the <EM>ideal</EM> size of the tile. The 
initial values for these parameters are read from the window for which 
the tile is created. A non-leaf horizontal tile sets the ideal width to 
the sum of its members and the ideal height to the maximum of its 
members.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;hor_stretch:</STRONG> <VAR>0..100</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;ver_stretch:</STRONG> <VAR>0..100</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
These two parameters describe how easy the window stretches (gets 
bigger). A non-leaf horizontal tile sets hor_stretch to the maximum of 
its members and ver_stretch to the minimum of its members.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;hor_shrink:</STRONG> <VAR>0..100</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>tile -&gt;ver_shrink:</STRONG> <VAR>0..100</VAR></DT>
<DD class="defbody">
Same, but deals with making the window/tile smaller than its ideal size.
</DD>
</DL>

<P>The various built-in window types have the following defaults shown 
in
<A class="tab" href="framelayout.html#tab:windowsizes">table 7</A>.

<P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER=2 FRAME=box RULES=groups>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>class</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>width</TD><TD ALIGN=center>height</TD><TD ALIGN=center>hor_shrink</TD><TD ALIGN=center>ver_shrink</TD><TD ALIGN=center>hor_stretch</TD><TD ALIGN=center>ver_stretch </TD></TR>
<TBODY>
<TBODY>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>window</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>200</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100 </TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>picture</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>400</TD><TD ALIGN=center>200</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100 </TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>dialog</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>200&alpha; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>100&alpha; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>0</TD><TD ALIGN=center>0</TD><TD ALIGN=center>0</TD><TD ALIGN=center>0 </TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>browser</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>25&beta; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>10&beta; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>0</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>0</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100 </TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>view</B></TD><TD ALIGN=center>80&beta; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>20&beta; </TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100</TD><TD ALIGN=center>100 </TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P>(1)If the dialog is not empty, the bounding box of the contents with 
the <B><CODE>&lt;-</CODE>gap</B> around it will be used.

<P>(2)Interpreted as character units.
</CENTER>
<TABLE ALIGN=center WIDTH="75%"><TR><TD>
<B>Table 7 : </B>The window types and their default sizes</TABLE>

<A NAME="tab:windowsizes"></A>

<P>These rules will often suffice for simple applications. You may 
adjust the stretch and shrink parameters after creating the window, but 
before opening the window.

<H3><A NAME="sec:10.6.2"><SPAN class="sec-nr">10.6.2</SPAN> <SPAN class="sec-title">Manipulating 
an open frame</SPAN></A></H3>

<P>Windows may be added to an open frame using the <B><CODE>-&gt;</CODE>above</B>, 
etc. message, specifying any of the member windows as argument. Windows 
may be deleted from a frame using <A NAME="idx:framesenddelete:375"></A>`<B>frame<CODE>-&gt;</CODE>delete</B>'. 
If a window is added or deleted from an open window, the message <A NAME="idx:framesendfit:376"></A>`<B>frame<CODE>-&gt;</CODE>fit</B>' 
will be called to readjust the contents. This will normally change the 
size of the frame. If this is not desired, class <A class="" href="summary.html#class:frame">frame</A> 
must be sub-classed as below. Note that fixed_size should not be set to <A NAME="idx:on:377"></A><B>@on</B> 
before the frame is open.

<PRE class="code">
:- pce_begin_class(my_dynamic_frame, frame,
                   "Add fixed_size").

variable(fixed_size, bool := @off, both,
         "Do not resize on -&gt;fit").

fit(F) :-&gt;
        "Request to fit the contents"::
        (   get(F, fixed_size, @on)
        -&gt;  send(F, resize)
        ;   send(F, send_super, fit)
        ).</PRE>

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