/usr/share/doc/gnugo/html/gnugo_1.html is in gnugo 3.8-9+b2.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 | <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- Created on February 23, 2016 by texi2html 1.82
texi2html was written by:
Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
and many others.
Maintained by: Many creative people.
Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html-bug@nongnu.org>
-->
<head>
<title>GNU Go Documentation: 1. Introduction</title>
<meta name="description" content="GNU Go Documentation: 1. Introduction">
<meta name="keywords" content="GNU Go Documentation: 1. Introduction">
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
pre.display {font-family: serif}
pre.format {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
pre.smalldisplay {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller}
pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
pre.smallformat {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller}
pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal;}
span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal;}
ul.toc {list-style: none}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
<a name="Introduction"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#About" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Introduction-1"></a>
<h1 class="chapter">1. Introduction</h1>
<p>This is GNU Go 3.8, a Go program. Development versions of GNU Go may be
found at <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnugo/devel.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/gnugo/devel.html</a>. Contact
us at <a href="mailto:gnugo@gnu.org">gnugo@gnu.org</a> if you are interested in helping.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#About">1.1 About GNU Go and this Manual</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"></td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Copyright">1.2 Copyrights</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Copyright
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Authors">1.3 Authors</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> The Authors of GNU Go
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Thanks">1.4 Thanks</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Acknowledgements
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#Development">1.5 Development</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top"> Developing GNU Go
</td></tr>
</table>
<hr size="6">
<a name="About"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Copyright" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="About-GNU-Go-and-this-Manual"></a>
<h2 class="section">1.1 About GNU Go and this Manual</h2>
<p>The challenge of Computer Go is not to <strong>beat</strong> the computer,
but to <strong>program</strong> the computer.
</p>
<p>In Computer Chess, strong programs are capable of playing at the highest
level, even challenging such a player as Garry Kasparov. No Go program
exists that plays at the same level as the strongest human players.
</p>
<p>To be sure, existing Go programs are strong enough to be interesting
as opponents, and the hope exists that some day soon a truly
strong program can be written. This is especially true in view
of the successes of Monte Carlo methods, and a general recent
improvement of computer Go.
</p>
<p>Before GNU Go, Go programs have always been distributed as binaries
only. The algorithms in these proprietary programs are secret. No-one
but the programmer can examine them to admire or criticise. As a
consequence, anyone who wished to work on a Go program usually had to
start from scratch. This may be one reason that Go programs have not
reached a higher level of play.
</p>
<p>Unlike most Go programs, GNU Go is Free Software. Its algorithms and
source code are open and documented. They are free for any one to
inspect or enhance. We hope this freedom will give GNU Go’s descendents
a certain competetive advantage.
</p>
<p>Here is GNU Go’s Manual. There are doubtless inaccuracies. The ultimate
documentation is in the commented source code itself.
</p>
<p>The first three chapters of this manual are for the general
user. Chapter 3 is the User’s Guide. The rest of the book is for
programmers, or persons curious about how GNU Go works. Chapter 4 is a
general overview of the engine. Chapter 5 introduces various tools for
looking into the GNU Go engine and finding out why it makes a certain
move, and Chapters 6–7 form a general programmer’s reference to the GNU
Go API. The remaining chapters are more detailed explorations of
different aspects of GNU Go’s internals.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Copyright"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#About" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Authors" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Copyrights"></a>
<h2 class="section">1.2 Copyrights</h2>
<p>Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007
and 2008 by the Free Software Foundation except as noted below.
</p>
<p>All source files are distributed under the GNU General Public License
(see section <a href="gnugo_21.html#GPL">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</a>, version 3 or any later version), except ‘<tt>gmp.c</tt>’,
‘<tt>gmp.h</tt>’, ‘<tt>gtp.c</tt>’, and ‘<tt>gtp.h</tt>’.
</p>
<p>The files ‘<tt>gtp.c</tt>’ and ‘<tt>gtp.h</tt>’ are copyright the Free Software
Foundation. In the interests of promoting the Go Text Protocol these
two files are licensed under a less restrictive license than the GPL
and are free for unrestricted use (see section <a href="gnugo_21.html#GTP-License">The Go Text Protocol License</a>).
</p>
<p>The two files ‘<tt>gmp.c</tt>’ and ‘<tt>gmp.h</tt>’ were placed in the public domain
by William Shubert, their author, and are free for unrestricted use.
</p>
<p>Documentation files (including this manual) are distributed under
the GNU Free Documentation License (see section <a href="gnugo_21.html#GFDL">GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE</a>, version 1.3 or any later
version).
</p>
<p>The files ‘<tt>regression/games/golois/*sgf</tt>’ are copyright Tristan
Cazenave and are included with his permission.
</p>
<p>The SGF files in ‘<tt>regression/games/handtalk/</tt>’ are copyright Jessie Annala
and are used with permission.
</p>
<p>The SGF files in ‘<tt>regression/games/mertin13x13/</tt>’ are copyright Stefan
Mertin and are used with permission.
</p>
<p>The remaining SGF files are either copyright by the FSF or are in the public domain.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Authors"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Copyright" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Thanks" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Authors-1"></a>
<h2 class="section">1.3 Authors</h2>
<p>GNU Go maintainers are Daniel Bump, Gunnar Farneback and Arend
Bayer. GNU Go authors (in chronological order of contribution)
are Man Li, Wayne Iba, Daniel Bump, David Denholm, Gunnar
Farnebäck, Nils Lohner, Jerome Dumonteil, Tommy Thorn,
Nicklas Ekstrand, Inge Wallin, Thomas Traber, Douglas Ridgway,
Teun Burgers, Tanguy Urvoy, Thien-Thi Nguyen, Heikki Levanto,
Mark Vytlacil, Adriaan van Kessel, Wolfgang Manner, Jens
Yllman, Don Dailey, Måns Ullerstam, Arend Bayer, Trevor
Morris, Evan Berggren Daniel, Fernando Portela, Paul
Pogonyshev, S.P. Lee and Stephane Nicolet, Martin Holters,
Grzegorz Leszczynski and Lee Fisher.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Thanks"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Authors" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Development" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Thanks-1"></a>
<h2 class="section">1.4 Thanks</h2>
<p>We would like to thank Arthur Britto, David Doshay, Tim Hunt, Matthias Krings,
Piotr Lakomy, Paul Leonard, Jean-Louis Martineau, Andreas Roever and Pierce
Wetter for helpful correspondence.
</p>
<p>Thanks to everyone who stepped on a bug (and sent us a report)!
</p>
<p>Thanks to Gary Boos, Peter Gucwa, Martijn van der Kooij, Michael
Margolis, Trevor Morris, Måns Ullerstam, Don Wagner and Yin Zheng for help
with Visual C++.
</p>
<p>Thanks to Alan Crossman, Stephan Somogyi, Pierce Wetter and Mathias Wagner
for help with Macintosh. And thanks to Marco Scheurer and Shigeru Mabuchi for
helping us find various problems.
</p>
<p>Thanks to Jessie Annala for the Handtalk games.
</p>
<p>Special thanks to Ebba Berggren for creating our logo, based on a
design by Tanguy Urvoy and comments by Alan Crossman. The old
GNU Go logo was adapted from Jamal Hannah’s typing GNU:
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/graphics/atypinggnu.html">http://www.gnu.org/graphics/atypinggnu.html</a>.
Both logos can be found in ‘<tt>doc/newlogo.*</tt>’ and ‘<tt>doc/oldlogo.*</tt>’.
</p>
<p>We would like to thank Stuart Cracraft, Richard Stallman and Man Lung Li for
their interest in making this program a part of GNU, William Shubert for
writing CGoban and gmp.c, Rene Grothmann for Jago and Erik van Riper and his
collaborators for NNGS.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<a name="Development"></a>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Thanks" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next section in reading order"> > </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Up section"> Up </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<a name="Development-1"></a>
<h2 class="section">1.5 Development</h2>
<p>You can help make GNU Go the best Go program.
</p>
<p>This is a task-list for anyone who is interested in helping with GNU
Go. If you want to work on such a project you should correspond with
us until we reach a common vision of how the feature will work!
</p>
<p>A note about copyright. The Free Software Foundation has the copyright
to GNU Go. For this reason, before any code can be accepted as a part of
the official release of GNU Go, the Free Software Foundation will want
you to sign a copyright assignment.
</p>
<p>Of course you could work on a forked version without signing
such a disclaimer. You can also distribute such a forked version of the
program so long as you also distribute the source code to your
modifications under the GPL (see section <a href="gnugo_21.html#GPL">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE</a>). But if you want
your changes to the program to be incorporated into the
version we distribute we need you to assign the copyright.
</p>
<p>Please contact the GNU Go maintainers, Daniel Bump
(<a href="mailto:bump@sporadic.stanford.edu">bump@sporadic.stanford.edu</a>) and Gunnar Farnebäck
(<a href="mailto:gunnar@lysator.liu.se">gunnar@lysator.liu.se</a>), to get more information and the
papers to sign.
</p>
<p>Bug reports are very welcome, but if you can, send us bug FIXES as well as bug
reports. If you see some bad behavior, figure out what causes it, and what to
do about fixing it. And send us a patch! If you find an interesting bug and
cannot tell us how to fix it, we would be happy to have you tell us about it
anyway. Send us the sgf file (if possible) and attach other relevant
information, such as the GNU Go version number. In cases of assertion failures
and segmentation faults we probably want to know what operating system and
compiler you were using, in order to determine if the problem is platform
dependent.
</p>
<p>If you want to work on GNU Go you should subscribe to the
<a href="http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/gnugo-devel">GNU Go development list.</a> Discussion of bugs and feedback
from established developers about new projects or tuning
the existing engine can be done on the list.
</p>
<hr size="6">
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="#Introduction" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_2.html#Installation" title="Next chapter"> >> </a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo.html#Top" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_22.html#Concept-Index" title="Index">Index</a>]</td>
<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="gnugo_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
</tr></table>
<p>
<font size="-1">
This document was generated by <em>Build Daemon</em> on <em>February 23, 2016</em> using <a href="http://www.nongnu.org/texi2html/"><em>texi2html 1.82</em></a>.
</font>
<br>
</p>
</body>
</html>
|