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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<title> Postfix manual - generic(5) </title>
</head> <body> <pre>
GENERIC(5)                                                          GENERIC(5)

<b>NAME</b>
       generic - Postfix generic table format

<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
       <b>postmap /etc/postfix/generic</b>

       <b>postmap -q "</b><i>string</i><b>" /etc/postfix/generic</b>

       <b>postmap -q - /etc/postfix/generic</b> &lt;<i>inputfile</i>

<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
       The optional <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table specifies an address mapping
       that applies when mail is delivered. This is the  opposite
       of  <a href="canonical.5.html"><b>canonical</b>(5)</a>  mapping,  which  applies  when  mail  is
       received.

       Typically, one would use the <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table on a  system
       that  does  not have a valid Internet domain name and that
       uses  something  like  <i>localdomain.local</i>   instead.    The
       <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a>  table  is  then  used by the <a href="smtp.8.html"><b>smtp</b>(8)</a> client to
       transform local mail addresses into  valid  Internet  mail
       addresses  when  mail  has to be sent across the Internet.
       See the EXAMPLE section at the end of this document.

       The  <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a>  mapping  affects  both   message   header
       addresses (i.e. addresses that appear inside messages) and
       message envelope addresses  (for  example,  the  addresses
       that are used in SMTP protocol commands).

       Normally, the <a href="generic.5.html"><b>generic</b>(5)</a> table is specified as a text file
       that serves as  input  to  the  <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a>  command.   The
       result,  an  indexed file in <b>dbm</b> or <b>db</b> format, is used for
       fast searching by the mail  system.  Execute  the  command
       "<b>postmap  /etc/postfix/generic</b>" to rebuild an indexed file
       after changing the corresponding text file.

       When the table is provided via other means  such  as  NIS,
       LDAP  or  SQL,  the  same lookups are done as for ordinary
       indexed files.

       Alternatively, the table can be  provided  as  a  regular-
       expression map where patterns are given as regular expres-
       sions, or lookups can be directed to TCP-based server.  In
       those  case,  the lookups are done in a slightly different
       way as described below under "REGULAR  EXPRESSION  TABLES"
       or "TCP-BASED TABLES".

<b>CASE FOLDING</b>
       The  search  string is folded to lowercase before database
       lookup. As of Postfix 2.3, the search string is  not  case
       folded  with database types such as <a href="regexp_table.5.html">regexp</a>: or <a href="pcre_table.5.html">pcre</a>: whose
       lookup fields can match both upper and lower case.

<b>TABLE FORMAT</b>
       The input format for the <a href="postmap.1.html"><b>postmap</b>(1)</a> command is as follows:

       <i>pattern result</i>
              When  <i>pattern</i> matches a mail address, replace it by
              the corresponding <i>result</i>.

       blank lines and comments
              Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are  ignored,
              as  are  lines whose first non-whitespace character
              is a `#'.

       multi-line text
              A logical line starts with non-whitespace  text.  A
              line  that starts with whitespace continues a logi-
              cal line.

<b>TABLE SEARCH ORDER</b>
       With lookups from indexed files such as DB or DBM, or from
       networked  tables  such  as NIS, LDAP or SQL, patterns are
       tried in the order as listed below:

       <i>user</i>@<i>domain address</i>
              Replace <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>. This form  has  the
              highest precedence.

       <i>user address</i>
              Replace  <i>user</i>@<i>site</i> by <i>address</i> when <i>site</i> is equal to
              $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>, when <i>site</i> is listed  in  $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>,
              or   when  it  is  listed  in  $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b>  or
              $<b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>.

       @<i>domain address</i>
              Replace other addresses in <i>domain</i> by <i>address</i>.  This
              form has the lowest precedence.

<b>RESULT ADDRESS REWRITING</b>
       The lookup result is subject to address rewriting:

       <b>o</b>      When  the  result  has  the  form @<i>otherdomain</i>, the
              result becomes the same <i>user</i> in <i>otherdomain</i>.

       <b>o</b>      When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin</a>=yes</b>", append  "<b>@$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>"
              to addresses without "@domain".

       <b>o</b>      When "<b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain</a>=yes</b>", append "<b>.$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b>"
              to addresses without ".domain".

<b>ADDRESS EXTENSION</b>
       When a mail address localpart contains the optional recip-
       ient  delimiter  (e.g., <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>), the lookup order
       becomes: <i>user+foo</i>@<i>domain</i>, <i>user</i>@<i>domain</i>, <i>user+foo</i>, <i>user</i>, and
       @<i>domain</i>.

       The   <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b>   parameter  controls
       whether an unmatched address extension  (<i>+foo</i>)  is  propa-
       gated to the result of table lookup.

<b>REGULAR EXPRESSION TABLES</b>
       This  section  describes how the table lookups change when
       the table is given in the form of regular expressions. For
       a  description  of regular expression lookup table syntax,
       see <a href="regexp_table.5.html"><b>regexp_table</b>(5)</a> or <a href="pcre_table.5.html"><b>pcre_table</b>(5)</a>.

       Each pattern is a regular expression that  is  applied  to
       the entire address being looked up. Thus, <i>user@domain</i> mail
       addresses are not broken up into their  <i>user</i>  and  <i>@domain</i>
       constituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i> broken up into <i>user</i> and
       <i>foo</i>.

       Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the  ta-
       ble,  until  a  pattern  is  found that matches the search
       string.

       Results are the same as with indexed  file  lookups,  with
       the  additional feature that parenthesized substrings from
       the pattern can be interpolated as <b>$1</b>, <b>$2</b> and so on.

<b>TCP-BASED TABLES</b>
       This section describes how the table lookups  change  when
       lookups are directed to a TCP-based server. For a descrip-
       tion of the TCP client/server lookup protocol, see <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>tcp_ta-</b></a>
       <a href="tcp_table.5.html"><b>ble</b>(5)</a>.  This feature is not available up to and including
       Postfix version 2.4.

       Each lookup operation uses the entire address once.  Thus,
       <i>user@domain</i>  mail  addresses  are not broken up into their
       <i>user</i> and <i>@domain</i> constituent parts, nor is <i>user+foo</i> broken
       up into <i>user</i> and <i>foo</i>.

       Results are the same as with indexed file lookups.

<b>EXAMPLE</b>
       The  following  shows  a  generic  mapping with an indexed
       file.  When mail is sent to a remote host via  SMTP,  this
       replaces  <i>his@localdomain.local</i>  by  his ISP mail address,
       replaces <i>her@localdomain.local</i> by her  ISP  mail  address,
       and  replaces  other  local  addresses by his ISP account,
       with an address extension of <i>+local</i> (this example  assumes
       that the ISP supports "+" style address extensions).

       /etc/postfix/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>:
           <a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_generic_maps">smtp_generic_maps</a> = hash:/etc/postfix/generic

       /etc/postfix/generic:
           his@localdomain.local   hisaccount@hisisp.example
           her@localdomain.local   heraccount@herisp.example
           @localdomain.local      hisaccount+local@hisisp.example

       Execute  the  command "<b>postmap /etc/postfix/generic</b>" when-
       ever the table is changed.  Instead of <b>hash</b>, some  systems
       use  <b>dbm</b> database files. To find out what tables your sys-
       tem supports use the command "<b>postconf -m</b>".

<b>BUGS</b>
       The table format does not understand quoting  conventions.

<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
       The  following <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> parameters are especially relevant.
       The text below provides  only  a  parameter  summary.  See
       <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for more details including examples.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#smtp_generic_maps">smtp_generic_maps</a></b>
              Address  mapping  lookup  table  for  envelope  and
              header sender and recipient addresses while  deliv-
              ering mail via SMTP.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#propagate_unmatched_extensions">propagate_unmatched_extensions</a></b>
              A  list  of  address rewriting or forwarding mecha-
              nisms that propagate an address extension from  the
              original  address  to  the result.  Specify zero or
              more  of  <b>canonical</b>,   <b>virtual</b>,   <b>alias</b>,   <b>forward</b>,
              <b>include</b>, or <b>generic</b>.

       Other parameters of interest:

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a></b>
              The  network  interface  addresses that this system
              receives mail on.  You need to stop and start Post-
              fix when this parameter changes.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a></b>
              Other interfaces that this machine receives mail on
              by way of a proxy agent or network address transla-
              tor.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a></b>
              List  of  domains  that  this mail system considers
              local.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b>
              The domain that is appended to locally-posted mail.

       <b><a href="postconf.5.html#owner_request_special">owner_request_special</a></b>
              Give special treatment to <b>owner-</b><i>xxx</i> and <i>xxx</i><b>-request</b>
              addresses.

<b>SEE ALSO</b>
       <a href="postmap.1.html">postmap(1)</a>, Postfix lookup table manager
       <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters
       <a href="smtp.8.html">smtp(8)</a>, Postfix SMTP client

<b>README FILES</b>
       <a href="ADDRESS_REWRITING_README.html">ADDRESS_REWRITING_README</a>, address rewriting guide
       <a href="DATABASE_README.html">DATABASE_README</a>, Postfix lookup table overview
       <a href="STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README.html">STANDARD_CONFIGURATION_README</a>, configuration examples

<b>LICENSE</b>
       The  Secure  Mailer  license must be distributed with this
       software.

<b>HISTORY</b>
       A genericstable feature appears in the Sendmail MTA.

       This feature is available in Postfix 2.2 and later.

<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

                                                                    GENERIC(5)
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