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<h2>Logs</h2>
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<div class="row docs-byline">
<div class="docs-updated">updated: 2018-02-14 14:24</div>
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<div class="section" id="logs">
<h1>Logs<a class="headerlink" href="#logs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Swift has quite verbose logging, and the generated logs can be used for
cluster monitoring, utilization calculations, audit records, and more. As an
overview, Swift’s logs are sent to syslog and organized by log level and
syslog facility. All log lines related to the same request have the same
transaction id. This page documents the log formats used in the system.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">By default, Swift will log full log lines. However, with the
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log_max_line_length</span></code> setting and depending on your logging server
software, lines may be truncated or shortened. With <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log_max_line_length</span> <span class="pre"><</span>
<span class="pre">7</span></code>, the log line will be truncated. With <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log_max_line_length</span> <span class="pre">>=</span> <span class="pre">7</span></code>, the
log line will be “shortened”: about half the max length followed by ” … ”
followed by the other half the max length. Unless you use exceptionally
short values, you are unlikely to run across this with the following
documented log lines, but you may see it with debugging and error log
lines.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="proxy-logs">
<h2>Proxy Logs<a class="headerlink" href="#proxy-logs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The proxy logs contain the record of all external API requests made to the
proxy server. Swift’s proxy servers log requests using a custom format
designed to provide robust information and simple processing. The log format
is:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">client_ip</span> <span class="n">remote_addr</span> <span class="n">datetime</span> <span class="n">request_method</span> <span class="n">request_path</span> <span class="n">protocol</span>
<span class="n">status_int</span> <span class="n">referer</span> <span class="n">user_agent</span> <span class="n">auth_token</span> <span class="n">bytes_recvd</span> <span class="n">bytes_sent</span>
<span class="n">client_etag</span> <span class="n">transaction_id</span> <span class="n">headers</span> <span class="n">request_time</span> <span class="n">source</span> <span class="n">log_info</span>
<span class="n">request_start_time</span> <span class="n">request_end_time</span> <span class="n">policy_index</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="25%" />
<col width="75%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Log Field</strong></td>
<td><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>client_ip</td>
<td>Swift’s guess at the end-client IP, taken from various
headers in the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>remote_addr</td>
<td>The IP address of the other end of the TCP connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>datetime</td>
<td>Timestamp of the request, in
day/month/year/hour/minute/second format.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>request_method</td>
<td>The HTTP verb in the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>request_path</td>
<td>The path portion of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>protocol</td>
<td>The transport protocol used (currently one of http or
https).</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>status_int</td>
<td>The response code for the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>referer</td>
<td>The value of the HTTP Referer header.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>user_agent</td>
<td>The value of the HTTP User-Agent header.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>auth_token</td>
<td>The value of the auth token. This may be truncated or
otherwise obscured.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>bytes_recvd</td>
<td>The number of bytes read from the client for this request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>bytes_sent</td>
<td>The number of bytes sent to the client in the body of the
response. This is how many bytes were yielded to the WSGI
server.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>client_etag</td>
<td>The etag header value given by the client.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>transaction_id</td>
<td>The transaction id of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>headers</td>
<td>The headers given in the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>request_time</td>
<td>The duration of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>source</td>
<td>The “source” of the request. This may be set for requests
that are generated in order to fulfill client requests,
e.g. bulk uploads.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>log_info</td>
<td>Various info that may be useful for diagnostics, e.g. the
value of any x-delete-at header.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>request_start_time</td>
<td>High-resolution timestamp from the start of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>request_end_time</td>
<td>High-resolution timestamp from the end of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>policy_index</td>
<td>The value of the storage policy index.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>In one log line, all of the above fields are space-separated and url-encoded.
If any value is empty, it will be logged as a “-“. This allows for simple
parsing by splitting each line on whitespace. New values may be placed at the
end of the log line from time to time, but the order of the existing values
will not change. Swift log processing utilities should look for the first N
fields they require (e.g. in Python using something like
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log_line.split()[:14]</span></code> to get up through the transaction id).</p>
<div class="section" id="swift-source">
<h3>Swift Source<a class="headerlink" href="#swift-source" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> value in the proxy logs is used to identify the originator of a
request in the system. For example, if the client initiates a bulk upload, the
proxy server may end up doing many requests. The initial bulk upload request
will be logged as normal, but all of the internal “child requests” will have a
source value indicating they came from the bulk functionality.</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="44%" />
<col width="56%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Logged Source Value</strong></td>
<td><strong>Originator of the Request</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>FP</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#formpost"><span class="std std-ref">FormPost</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>SLO</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="overview_large_objects.html#static-large-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Static Large Objects</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>SW</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#staticweb"><span class="std std-ref">StaticWeb</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>TU</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#tempurl"><span class="std std-ref">TempURL</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>BD</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#bulk"><span class="std std-ref">Bulk Operations (Delete and Archive Auto Extraction)</span></a> (delete)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>EA</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#bulk"><span class="std std-ref">Bulk Operations (Delete and Archive Auto Extraction)</span></a> (extract)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>CQ</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#container-quotas"><span class="std std-ref">Container Quotas</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>CS</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#container-sync"><span class="std std-ref">Container Sync Middleware</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>TA</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#common-tempauth"><span class="std std-ref">TempAuth</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>DLO</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="overview_large_objects.html#dynamic-large-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Dynamic Large Objects</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>LE</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#list-endpoints"><span class="std std-ref">List Endpoints</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>KS</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#keystoneauth"><span class="std std-ref">KeystoneAuth</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>RL</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="ratelimit.html#ratelimit"><span class="std std-ref">Rate Limiting</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>VW</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#versioned-writes"><span class="std std-ref">Object Versioning</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>SSC</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#copy"><span class="std std-ref">Server Side Copy</span></a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>SYM</td>
<td><a class="reference internal" href="middleware.html#symlink"><span class="std std-ref">Symlink</span></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storage-node-logs">
<h2>Storage Node Logs<a class="headerlink" href="#storage-node-logs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Swift’s account, container, and object server processes each log requests
that they receive, if they have been configured to do so with the
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log_requests</span></code> config parameter (which defaults to true). The format for
these log lines is:</p>
<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">remote_addr</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="s2">"request_method request_path"</span> <span class="n">status_int</span>
<span class="n">content_length</span> <span class="s2">"referer"</span> <span class="s2">"transaction_id"</span> <span class="s2">"user_agent"</span> <span class="n">request_time</span>
<span class="n">additional_info</span> <span class="n">server_pid</span> <span class="n">policy_index</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="25%" />
<col width="75%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>Log Field</strong></td>
<td><strong>Value</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>remote_addr</td>
<td>The IP address of the other end of the TCP connection.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>datetime</td>
<td>Timestamp of the request, in
“day/month/year:hour:minute:second +0000” format.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>request_method</td>
<td>The HTTP verb in the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>request_path</td>
<td>The path portion of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>status_int</td>
<td>The response code for the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>content_length</td>
<td>The value of the Content-Length header in the response.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>referer</td>
<td>The value of the HTTP Referer header.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>transaction_id</td>
<td>The transaction id of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>user_agent</td>
<td>The value of the HTTP User-Agent header. Swift services
report a user-agent string of the service name followed by
the process ID, such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"proxy-server</span> <span class="pre"><pid</span> <span class="pre">of</span> <span class="pre">the</span>
<span class="pre">proxy>"</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">"object-updater</span> <span class="pre"><pid</span> <span class="pre">of</span> <span class="pre">the</span> <span class="pre">object</span>
<span class="pre">updater>"</span></code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>request_time</td>
<td>The duration of the request.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>additional_info</td>
<td>Additional useful information.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>server_pid</td>
<td>The process id of the server</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>policy_index</td>
<td>The value of the storage policy index.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="docs-updated">updated: 2018-02-14 14:24</div>
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<a href="index.html" class="docs-sidebar-section-title"><h4>Swift 2.17</h4></a>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="api/object_api_v1_overview.html">Object Storage API overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_architecture.html">Swift Architectural Overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_ring.html">The Rings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_policies.html">Storage Policies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_reaper.html">The Account Reaper</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_auth.html">The Auth System</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="overview_replication.html">Replication</a></li>
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