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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>refine</title>
    <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
      charset=windows-1252">
    <meta name="author" content="Graeme Gill">
  </head>
  <body>
    <h2><b>tweak/refine</b></h2>
    <h3>Summary</h3>
    <span style="font-weight: bold;">Refine</span> creates an abstract
    profile, by comparing CIE measurement values from two test charts.
    The charts will usually be in <a href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a>
    format, but only XYZ, Lab or spectral values will be used (ie. all
    device space values are ignored). Typically the charts would be
    printed on a target system (the one being emulated, say a printing
    press, or created using an ideal target profile such as Rec709), and
    the proofing system (the device that is being profiled). The
    abstract profile that <span style="font-weight: bold;">refine</span>
    produces will be a correction that makes the proofing system behave
    more like the target. This can then be used to recreate the proofing
    systems ICC profile, or device link. By feeding a previous abstract
    correction profile in as well, iterative improvement can be made to
    the proofing reproduction.<br>
    <br>
    <a href="colverify.html">colverify</a> is a useful tool to use on
    the two test charts, to check how well the refinement is proceeding.
    If a white point relative match is being created (refine -R), then
    use veryify -N.<br>
    <h3>Usage Summary</h3>
    <tt><small>usage: refine [-options] cietarget ciecurrent [outdevicc]
        [inabs] outabs<br>
        &nbsp;-v&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;





        Verbose<br>
        &nbsp;-c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Create





        initial abstract correction profile<br>
        &nbsp;-g&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Don't





        impose output device gamut limit<br>
        &nbsp;-r res&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Set
        abstract profile clut resolution (default 33)<br>
        &nbsp;-d factor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Override default damping
        factor (default 0.950000)<br>
        &nbsp;-R&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Aim





        for white point relative match rather than absolute<br>
        &nbsp;</small></tt><tt><small><small><small>-f
            [illum]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Use Fluorescent Whitening Agent
            compensation [opt. simulated inst. illum.:<br>
            &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;






            M0, M1, M2, A, C, D50 (def.), D50M2, D65, F5, F8, F10 or
            file.sp]<br>
            &nbsp;-i illum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Choose
            illuminant for computation of CIE XYZ from spectral data
            &amp; FWA:<br>
            &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;






            A, C, D50 (def.), D50M2, D65, F5, F8, F10 or file.sp</small></small><br>
        &nbsp;-o observ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Choose CIE Observer for
        spectral data:<br>
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
1931_2,





        1964_10, </small></tt><tt><small><tt><small>2012_2 (def.),
            2012_10, </small></tt>S&amp;B 1955_2, J&amp;V 1978_2 or
        file.cmf<br>
        &nbsp;<span style="font-style: italic;">cietarget&nbsp;</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;




        Target CIE or spectral values, CGATS file (e.g. .ti3)<br>
        &nbsp;<span style="font-style: italic;">ciecurrent</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;




        Actual CIE or spectral values, CGATS file (e.g. .ti3)<br>
        &nbsp;[<span style="font-style: italic;">outdevicc</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;




        Output device ICC profile to set gamut limit (not used if -g)<br>
        &nbsp;[<span style="font-style: italic;">inabs</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Previous





        abstract correction ICC profile (not used if -c)<br>
        &nbsp;<span style="font-style: italic;">outabs</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Created/refined





        abstract correction ICC profile</small></tt><br>
    <h3>Usage Details</h3>
    <b>refine</b> provides a way of improving the profile accuracy of a
    proofing system.<br>
    <br>
    The <b>-v</b> flag prints out extra information during the
    checking, and prints each patch value, rather than just a summary.<br>
    <br>
    The <b>-c</b> option is used when refine is being used for the
    first time, and there is no previous abstract profile to continue
    refining. If <span style="font-weight: bold;">-c</span> is used,
    then the name of the previous abstract correction profile should not
    be supplied.<br>
    <br>
    If the <b>-g </b>flag indicates that an output device profile is
    not being supplied, and that corrections should be attempted, even
    if the colors are outside the devices gamut. Normally an output
    device profile is supplied, and corrections aren't applied to colors
    outside the devices gamut, since this will not achieve anything
    useful, and can distort the results.<br>
    <br>
    If the <b>-r </b>parameter overrides the resolution of the CLUT
    grid used in the abstract profile. By default the value is 33, but
    other<br>
    values can be chosen. An odd number is recommended. <br>
    <br>
    If the <b>-d </b>parameter sets how aggressively refine should try
    and correct errors. Normally it will try and exactly compensate for
    the color errors revealed in comparing the two measurement files,
    but if the device behaviour is unusual, or not very repeatable, this
    may result in successive applications of refine making things worse,
    rather than better. If this is the case, try using a smaller number,
    such as 0.8, or 0.5.<br>
    <br>
    If the <span style="font-weight: bold;">-R</span> flag is used,
    then refine creates an abstract profile for improving the match of
    the patch values when&nbsp; interpreted in a white point relative
    (ie. Relative Colorimetric) intent. If used to create a corrected
    device link profile using <a href="collink.html">collink</a>,
    remember to create a Relative colorimetric intent device link
    profile.<br>
    <br>
    The <b>-f</b> flag enables Fluorescent Whitening Agent (FWA)
    compensation. This only works if spectral data is available and, the
    instrument is not UV filtered.&nbsp; FWA compensation adjusts the
    spectral samples so that they appear to have been measured using an
    illuminant that has a different level of Ultra Violet to the one the
    instrument actually used in the measurement. The optional
    illumination parameter allows specifying a standard or custom
    illumination spectrum to be used as the similated instrument
    illuminant, overriding the default <b>D50</b> or CIE computation
    illuminant used for FWA (see <b>-i</b> below<b>). </b>See <a
      href="colprof.html#f">colprof -f</a> for a fuller explanation. The
    same value should be used as was used during the creation of the
    profile.<br>
    <br>
    The <b>-i</b> flag allows specifying a standard or custom
    illumination spectrum, applied to the spectral test point values to
    compute CIE tristimulus values. <b>A</b>, <b>D50</b>, <b>D50M2,
      D65</b>, <b>F5</b>, <b>F8</b>, <b>F10</b> are a selection of
    standard illuminant spectrums, with <b>D50</b> being the default.
    If a filename is specified instead, it will be assumed to be an
    Argyll specific <a href="File_Formats.html#.sp">.sp</a> spectrum
    file. If FWA compensation is used during measurement, this
    illuminant will be used by default as the simulated instrument
    illuminant. The same value should be used as was used during the
    creation of the profile.<br>
    <br>
    The <b>-o</b> flag allows specifying a tristimulus observer, and is
    used to compute CIE tristimulus values. The following choices are
    available:<br>
    <b>&nbsp; 1931_2</b> selects the standard CIE 1931 2 degree
    observer.<br>
    &nbsp; <b>1964_10</b> selects the standard CIE 1964 10 degree
    observer.<br>
    <b>&nbsp; 2012_2</b> selects the proposed CIE 2012 2 degree observer<br>
    &nbsp; <b>2012_10</b> selects the proposed CIE 2012 10 degree
    observer<br>
    &nbsp; <b>1955_2</b> selects the Stiles and Birch 1955 2 degree
    observer<br>
    &nbsp; <b>1978_2 </b>selects the Judd and Voss 1978 2 degree
    observer<br>
    &nbsp; <b>shaw</b> selects the Shaw and Fairchild 1997 2 degree
    observer<br>
    &nbsp; <i><b>file.cmf</b></i> selects an observer specified by the
    given <a href="File_Formats.html#.cmf">.cmf</a> file.<br>
    <br>
    If both CIE and spectral values are present in the input files, the
    CIE values will be used by default. Using the <span
      style="font-weight: bold;">-i</span>, <span style="font-weight:
      bold;">-o</span> or <span style="font-weight: bold;">-f</span>
    flag will force spectral values to be used. The the <span
      style="font-weight: bold;">-i</span>, <span style="font-weight:
      bold;">-o</span> or <span style="font-weight: bold;">-f</span>
    flags will apply to both the target and measured input files.<br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">cietarget</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Is





    the filename of the target CIE or spectral values. This is a <a
      href="File_Formats.html#CGATS">CGATS</a> file (e.g. a <a
      href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a> made using <a
      href="chartread.html">chartread</a>). These are the color values
    wanted for each patch in the test chart, typically the product of
    the target print system.<br>
    <br>
    <span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">ciecurrent</span>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Is the filename of the
    actual, current measured CIE or spectral values. This is a <a
      href="File_Formats.html#CGATS">CGATS</a> file (e.g. a <a
      href="File_Formats.html#.ti3">.ti3</a> made using <a
      href="chartread.html">chartread</a>). The errors between these
    patches and the patches in the <span style="font-style: italic;
      font-weight: bold;">cietarget</span> file will be used to create a
    correction profile.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp;[<span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">outdevicc</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
If





    the <span style="font-weight: bold;">-g</span> flag is not used,
    then the output device ICC profile should be supplied here, to allow
    <span style="font-weight: bold;">refine</span> to limit its
    corrections to colors that are within the gamut of the device.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp;[<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">inabs</span>]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
After





    the first correction has been created, subsequent corrections need
    to improve upon previous ones, so the previous correction profile
    should be provided here. For the first correction, the <span
      style="font-weight: bold;">-c</span> flag should be used, and this
    argument is omitted.<br>
    <br>
    &nbsp;<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;">outabs</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
The





    name of the created or refined abstract correction ICC profile<br>
    <br>
    <h3> Discussion</h3>
    <span style="font-weight: bold;">Refine</span> is typically used in
    a proofing situation, in which a verification chart is being used to
    check the accuracy of a proofing system. (It might also be used for
    more arbitrary color alterations by created two test chart files by
    hand.) By using the errors between the target chart and the measured
    values, refine attempts to improve the match between the proofing
    system and its target.<br>
    <br>
    There is facility in <a href="collink.html">collink</a>, <a
      href="colprof.html">colprof</a> and <a href="revfix.html">revfix</a>
    to incorporate an abstract profile. <br>
    <br>
    For systems using two device profiles or a device link to convert
    between the target space printing files and the proofing device
    space, the following would be a typical scenario:<br>
    <br>
    <div style="margin-left: 40px;">We have a reference set of test
      chart values, read from the target system <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">reference.ti3</span>. The ICC profile
      for the target system is <span style="font-weight: bold;">target.icm</span>.
      The ICC profile for the proofing system is <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">proofer.icm</span>. If using a device
      link, the device link used to print proofer test charts is
      currently <span style="font-weight: bold;">target_proofer.icm</span>:<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      First we print the test chart out on the proofing system and read
      it in, resulting in a <span style="font-weight: bold;">chart1.ti3</span>
      file.<br>
      <br>
      Lets check how well the proofing system current matches using
      colverify:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; colverify&nbsp; reference.ti3 chart1.ti3<br>
      <br>
      We then create our initial abstract correction fix profile <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">fix1.icm</span> using refine:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; refine -v -c&nbsp; reference.ti3 chart1.ti3
      proofer.icm fix1.icm<br>
      <br>
      Applying this to your process for creating the proofer device
      profile or target to proofing device link (choose one of the three
      options below, depending whether you are using the proofer profile
      and just want to alter its colorimetric B2A table using <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">revfix</span>, whether you are going
      to recreate the proofer file from the original measurement data
      using&nbsp; <span style="font-weight: bold;">colprof</span>, or
      whether you are using a device link profile created using <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">collink</span>):<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; revfix -v -1 -ke -p fix1.icm proofer.icm
      proofer_fix1.icm<br>
      or<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; copy proofer.ti3 proofer_fix1.ti3<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; colprof -v -p fix1.icm proofer_fix1<br>
      or<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; collink -v -s -ia -oa -p fix1.icm target.icm
      proofer.icm target_proofer_fix1.icm<br>
      <br>
      Note that the above example is a simple one - you should use all
      the same options as you used to create your initial <span
        style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span>proofer.icm&nbsp;





      </span>or <span style="font-weight: bold;">target_proofer.icm</span>,
      with the addition of the "-p fix1.icm" option to specify the
      abstract correction profile be applied.<br>
      <br>
      Use the <span style="font-weight: bold;">proofer_fix1.icm</span>
      or <span style="font-weight: bold;">target_proofer_fix1.icm</span>
      to print out the test chart again, and read it in, resulting in <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">chart2.ti3</span> file.<br>
      <br>
      Lets check how well the proofing system matches after this first
      round of refinement using colverify:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; colverify&nbsp; reference.ti3 chart2.ti3<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      <span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span></span><br>
      <span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></span><br>
      <span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></span>We
can





      then start another round of improvement:<br>
      <br>
      We refine our previous abstract correction fix profile using
      refine:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; refine -v&nbsp; reference.ti3 chart2.ti3
      proofer.icm fix1.icm fix2.icm<br>
      <br>
      Applying this new abstract profile to our process for creating the
      proofing device profile or link again:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; revfix -v -1 -ke -p fix2.icm proofer.icm
      proofer_fix2.icm<br>
      or<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; copy proofer.ti3 proofer_fix2.ti3<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; colprof -v -p fix2.icm proofer_fix2<br>
      or<br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; collink -v -s -ia -oa -p fix2.icm target.icm
      proofer.icm target_proofer_fix2.icm<br>
      <br>
      Use the <span style="font-weight: bold;">proofer_fix2.icm</span>
      or <span style="font-weight: bold;">target_proofer_fix2.icm</span>
      to print out the test chart again, and read it in, resulting in <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">chart3.ti3</span> file.<br>
      <br>
      Check again how well the proofing system matches after this first
      round of refinement using colverify:<br>
      <br>
      &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; colverify&nbsp; reference.ti3 chart3.ti3<br>
      <br>
      Rounds of improvements can be continues by looping back to <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>, being careful to
      increment the names of the <span style="font-weight: bold;">fixN.icm</span>,&nbsp;





      <span style="font-weight: bold;">proofer_fixN.icm</span> or <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">target_proofer_fixN.icm</span> and <span
        style="font-weight: bold;">chartN.ti3</span>files. Stop when
      exhausted, or if it looks like things are getting worse, rather
      than better. If the latter happens, it might be good to revert to
      the results from a previous round.<br>
    </div>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    <br>
  </body>
</html>