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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<div class="chapter">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title">
<a name="feature-systemd"></a>systemd</h2></div></div></div>
<p>Cockpit uses
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/" target="_top">systemd</a>
    and the DBus APIs it provides to configure and monitor core aspects of the system.
    Use of alternate system APIs are not currently implemented.</p>
<p>For non root users, systemd controls access to its APIs via
    <a class="link" href="privileges.html" title="Privileges and Permissions">Policy Kit</a> and a user logged into Cockpit will have
    the same permissions as they do from the command line.</p>
<p>Cockpit retrieves information about the host and changes the hostname via the
    <code class="code">hostnamed</code> daemon. To perform similar tasks from the command line use the
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/hostnamectl.html" target="_top"><code class="code">hostnamectl</code></a>
    command:</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ <span class="command"><strong>hostnamectl</strong></span>
   Static hostname: pink.example.com
   Pretty hostname: Pink
         Icon name: computer-desktop
           Chassis: desktop
        Machine ID: ef00b79be229463cbb844c3e715de96c
           Boot ID: 934983d64d34465cb5a8383b5a89ad8c
  Operating System: Fedora 22 (Twenty Two)
       CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:22
            Kernel: Linux 4.0.4-301.fc22.x86_64
      Architecture: x86-64
</pre>
<p>Cockpit configures the system time and time zone via the <code class="code">timedated</code> daemon.
    To perform similar tasks from the command line use the
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/timedatectl.html" target="_top"><code class="code">timedatectl</code></a>
    command:</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ <span class="command"><strong>timedatectl list-timezones</strong></span>
Africa/Abidjan
Africa/Accra
Africa/Addis_Ababa
Africa/Algiers
...
</pre>
<p>Cockpit can manage the list of NTP servers used by
    <code class="code">systemd-timesyncd</code> by putting its own file into
    <code class="code">/etc/systemd/timesynd.conf.d/</code>.  Note that
    <code class="code">systemd-timesyncd</code> is not always enabled, depending on
    the configuration of the machine.  In that case, Cockpit disabled the
    UI for managing the list of NTP servers. In some cases use of
    <code class="code">ntpd</code> can cause the <code class="code">timedated</code> daemon to
    behave inconsistently with regards to time synchronization.</p>
<p>Cockpit restarts or powers down the machine by using the
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/shutdown.html" target="_top"><code class="code">shutdown</code></a>
    command. To perform similar tasks from the command line, run it directly:</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ <span class="command"><strong>sudo shutdown +15</strong></span>
Shutdown scheduled for Sa 2015-09-26 15:49:40 CEST, use 'shutdown -c' to cancel.
</pre>
<p>Cockpit manages system services and sockets via systemd. To perform similar tasks from the
    command line use the
    <a class="ulink" href="http://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemctl.html" target="_top"><code class="code">systemctl</code></a>
    command:</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ <span class="command"><strong>systemctl status cockpit</strong></span>
● cockpit.service - Cockpit Web Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/cockpit.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)
  Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/cockpit.service.d
           └─debug.conf
   Active: active (running) since Sa 2015-09-26 13:28:02 CEST; 2h 7min ago
     Docs: man:cockpit-ws(8)
 Main PID: 6957 (cockpit-ws)
   Memory: 1.8M
   CGroup: /system.slice/cockpit.service
           ├─ 6957 /usr/libexec/cockpit-ws
           └─29598 /usr/bin/ssh-agent
</pre>
<p>In order to customize who can perform various actions in system,
    <a class="link" href="privileges.html#privileges-polkit" title="Customizing Polkit Privileges">create polkit rules</a> with the following
    actions and details:</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><code class="option">org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units</code></span></p></td>
<td><p>Permission to manage system services or other units.
        Details available: <code class="code">unit</code>, <code class="code">verb</code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><code class="option">org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-unit-files</code></span></p></td>
<td><p>Permission to manage system services or other unit files.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><code class="option">org.freedesktop.systemd1.reload-daemon</code></span></p></td>
<td><p>Permission to reload the systemd state.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p>For example, placing the following polkit rule to
    <code class="filename">/etc/polkit-1.rules.d/10-http.rule</code> allows all users in the
    <code class="code">operators</code> group start, stop, and restart the Apache HTTP service:</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
    if (action.id == "org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units") {
        if (subject.isInGroup("operators") &amp;&amp; action.lookup("unit") == "httpd.service") {
            var verb = action.lookup("verb");
            if (verb == "start" || verb == "stop" || verb == "restart") {
                return polkit.Result.YES;
            }
        }
    }
});
</pre>
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