/usr/share/perl5/Apache2/AuthCookie.pm is in libapache2-authcookie-perl 3.27-1.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 | package Apache2::AuthCookie;
$Apache2::AuthCookie::VERSION = '3.27';
# ABSTRACT: Perl Authentication and Authorization via cookies
use strict;
use Carp;
use base 'Apache2::AuthCookie::Base';
use Apache2::Const qw(OK DECLINED SERVER_ERROR HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
use Apache::AuthCookie::Util qw(is_blank);
sub authorize {
my ($auth_type, $r) = @_;
my $debug = $r->dir_config("AuthCookieDebug") || 0;
$r->server->log_error('authorize() for '.$r->uri()) if $debug >= 3;
return OK unless $r->is_initial_req; #only the first internal request
if ($r->auth_type ne $auth_type) {
$r->server->log_error("auth type mismatch $auth_type != ".$r->auth_type)
if $debug >= 3;
return DECLINED;
}
my $reqs_arr = $auth_type->decoded_requires($r) or return DECLINED;
my $user = $auth_type->decoded_user($r);
$r->server->log_error("authorize user=$user type=$auth_type") if $debug >=3;
if (is_blank($user)) {
# the authentication failed
$r->server->log_error("No user authenticated", $r->uri);
return HTTP_FORBIDDEN;
}
my $satisfy = $auth_type->get_satisfy($r);
return SERVER_ERROR unless $auth_type->satisfy_is_valid($r,$satisfy);
my $satisfy_all = $satisfy eq 'all';
my ($forbidden);
foreach my $req (@$reqs_arr) {
my ($requirement, $args) = split /\s+/, $req->{requirement}, 2;
$args = '' unless defined $args;
$r->server->log_error("requirement := $requirement, $args") if $debug >= 2;
if (lc($requirement) eq 'valid-user') {
if ($satisfy_all) {
next;
}
else {
return OK;
}
}
if ($requirement eq 'user') {
if ($args =~ m/\b$user\b/) {
next if $satisfy_all;
return OK; # satisfy any
}
$forbidden = 1;
next;
}
# Call a custom method
my $ret_val = $auth_type->$requirement($r, $args);
$r->server->log_error("$auth_type->$requirement returned $ret_val") if $debug >= 3;
if ($ret_val == OK) {
next if $satisfy_all;
return OK; # satisfy any
}
# Nothing succeeded, deny access to this user.
$forbidden = 1;
}
return $forbidden ? HTTP_FORBIDDEN : OK;
}
sub get_satisfy {
my ($auth_type, $r) = @_;
my $auth_name = $r->auth_name;
return lc $r->dir_config("${auth_name}Satisfy") || 'all';
}
sub satisfy_is_valid {
my ($auth_type, $r, $satisfy) = @_;
$satisfy = lc $satisfy;
if ($satisfy eq 'any' or $satisfy eq 'all') {
return 1;
}
else {
my $auth_name = $r->auth_name;
$r->server->log_error("PerlSetVar ${auth_name}Satisfy $satisfy invalid",$r->uri);
return 0;
}
}
1;
=pod
=head1 NAME
Apache2::AuthCookie - Perl Authentication and Authorization via cookies
=head1 VERSION
version 3.27
=head1 SYNOPSIS
Make sure your mod_perl is at least 2.0.0-RC5, with StackedHandlers,
MethodHandlers, Authen, and Authz compiled in.
# In httpd.conf or .htaccess:
PerlModule Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler
PerlSetVar WhatEverPath /
PerlSetVar WhatEverLoginScript /login.pl
# use to alter how "require" directives are matched. Can be "Any" or "All".
# If its "Any", then you must only match Any of the "require" directives. If
# its "All", then you must match All of the require directives.
#
# Default: All
PerlSetVar WhatEverSatisfy Any
# The following line is optional - it allows you to set the domain
# scope of your cookie. Default is the current domain.
PerlSetVar WhatEverDomain .yourdomain.com
# Use this to only send over a secure connection
PerlSetVar WhatEverSecure 1
# Use this if you want user session cookies to expire if the user
# doesn't request a auth-required or recognize_user page for some
# time period. If set, a new cookie (with updated expire time)
# is set on every request.
PerlSetVar WhatEverSessionTimeout +30m
# to enable the HttpOnly cookie property, use HttpOnly.
# this is an MS extension. See:
# http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/author/dhtml/httponly_cookies.asp
PerlSetVar WhatEverHttpOnly 1
# Usually documents are uncached - turn off here
PerlSetVar WhatEverCache 1
# Use this to make your cookies persistent (+2 hours here)
PerlSetVar WhatEverExpires +2h
# Use to make AuthCookie send a P3P header with the cookie
# see http://www.w3.org/P3P/ for details about what the value
# of this should be
PerlSetVar WhatEverP3P "CP=\"...\""
# optional: enable decoding of intercepted GET/POST params:
PerlSetVar WhatEverEncoding UTF-8
# optional: enable decoding of httpd.conf "Requires" directives
PerlSetVar WhatEverRequiresEncoding UTF-8
# These documents require user to be logged in.
<Location /protected>
AuthType Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler
AuthName WhatEver
PerlAuthenHandler Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler->authenticate
PerlAuthzHandler Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler->authorize
require valid-user
</Location>
# These documents don't require logging in, but allow it.
<FilesMatch "\.ok$">
AuthType Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler
AuthName WhatEver
PerlFixupHandler Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler->recognize_user
</FilesMatch>
# This is the action of the login.pl script above.
<Files LOGIN>
AuthType Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler
AuthName WhatEver
SetHandler perl-script
PerlResponseHandler Sample::Apache2::AuthCookieHandler->login
</Files>
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This module is for mod_perl version 2. If you are running mod_perl version 1,
you should be using B<Apache::AuthCookie> instead.
B<Apache2::AuthCookie> allows you to intercept a user's first
unauthenticated access to a protected document. The user will be
presented with a custom form where they can enter authentication
credentials. The credentials are posted to the server where AuthCookie
verifies them and returns a session key.
The session key is returned to the user's browser as a cookie. As a
cookie, the browser will pass the session key on every subsequent
accesses. AuthCookie will verify the session key and re-authenticate
the user.
All you have to do is write a custom module that inherits from
AuthCookie. Your module is a class which implements two methods:
=over 4
=item C<authen_cred()>
Verify the user-supplied credentials and return a session key. The
session key can be any string - often you'll use some string
containing username, timeout info, and any other information you need
to determine access to documents, and append a one-way hash of those
values together with some secret key.
=item C<authen_ses_key()>
Verify the session key (previously generated by C<authen_cred()>,
possibly during a previous request) and return the user ID. This user
ID will be fed to C<$r-E<gt>user()> to set Apache's idea of who's logged in.
=back
By using AuthCookie versus Apache's built-in AuthBasic you can design
your own authentication system. There are several benefits.
=over 4
=item 1.
The client doesn't *have* to pass the user credentials on every
subsequent access. If you're using passwords, this means that the
password can be sent on the first request only, and subsequent
requests don't need to send this (potentially sensitive) information.
This is known as "ticket-based" authentication.
=item 2.
When you determine that the client should stop using the
credentials/session key, the server can tell the client to delete the
cookie. Letting users "log out" is a notoriously impossible-to-solve
problem of AuthBasic.
=item 3.
AuthBasic dialog boxes are ugly. You can design your own HTML login
forms when you use AuthCookie.
=item 4.
You can specify the domain of a cookie using PerlSetVar commands. For
instance, if your AuthName is C<WhatEver>, you can put the command
PerlSetVar WhatEverDomain .yourhost.com
into your server setup file and your access cookies will span all
hosts ending in C<.yourhost.com>.
=item 5.
You can optionally specify the name of your cookie using the C<CookieName>
directive. For instance, if your AuthName is C<WhatEver>, you can put the
command
PerlSetVar WhatEverCookieName MyCustomName
into your server setup file and your cookies for this AuthCookie realm will be
named MyCustomName. Default is AuthType_AuthName.
=item 6.
By default users must satisfy ALL of the C<require> directives. If you
want authentication to succeed if ANY C<require> directives are met, use the
C<Satisfy> directive. For instance, if your AuthName is C<WhatEver>, you can
put the command
PerlSetVar WhatEverSatisfy Any
into your server startup file and authentication for this realm will succeed if
ANY of the C<require> directives are met.
=back
This is the flow of the authentication handler, less the details of the
redirects. Two HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY's are used to keep the client from
displaying the user's credentials in the Location field. They don't really
change AuthCookie's model, but they do add another round-trip request to the
client.
(-----------------------) +---------------------------------+
( Request a protected ) | AuthCookie sets custom error |
( page, but user hasn't )---->| document and returns |
( authenticated (no ) | HTTP_FORBIDDEN. Apache abandons |
( session key cookie) ) | current request and creates sub |
(-----------------------) | request for the error document. |<-+
| Error document is a script that | |
| generates a form where the user | |
return | enters authentication | |
^------------------->| credentials (login & password). | |
/ \ False +---------------------------------+ |
/ \ | |
/ \ | |
/ \ V |
/ \ +---------------------------------+ |
/ Pass \ | User's client submits this form | |
/ user's \ | to the LOGIN URL, which calls | |
| credentials |<------------| AuthCookie->login(). | |
\ to / +---------------------------------+ |
\authen_cred/ |
\ function/ |
\ / |
\ / |
\ / +------------------------------------+ |
\ / return | Authen cred returns a session | +--+
V------------->| key which is opaque to AuthCookie.*| |
True +------------------------------------+ |
| |
+--------------------+ | +---------------+
| | | | If we had a |
V | V | cookie, add |
+----------------------------+ r | ^ | a Set-Cookie |
| If we didn't have a session| e |T / \ | header to |
| key cookie, add a | t |r / \ | override the |
| Set-Cookie header with this| u |u / \ | invalid cookie|
| session key. Client then | r |e / \ +---------------+
| returns session key with | n | / pass \ ^
| successive requests | | / session \ |
+----------------------------+ | / key to \ return |
| +-| authen_ses_key|------------+
V \ / False
+-----------------------------------+ \ /
| Tell Apache to set Expires header,| \ /
| set user to user ID returned by | \ /
| authen_ses_key, set authentication| \ /
| to our type (e.g. AuthCookie). | \ /
+-----------------------------------+ \ /
V
(---------------------) ^
( Request a protected ) |
( page, user has a )--------------+
( session key cookie )
(---------------------)
* The session key that the client gets can be anything you want. For
example, encrypted information about the user, a hash of the
username and password (similar in function to Digest
authentication), or the user name and password in plain text
(similar in function to HTTP Basic authentication).
The only requirement is that the authen_ses_key function that you
create must be able to determine if this session_key is valid and
map it back to the originally authenticated user ID.
=head1 METHODS
=head2 authorize(): int
This will step through the C<require> directives you've given for protected
documents and make sure the user passes muster. The C<require valid-user> and
C<require user joey-jojo> directives are handled for you. You can implement
custom directives, such as C<require species hamster>, by defining a method
called C<species()> in your subclass, which will then be called. The method
will be called as C<$r-E<gt>species($r, $args)>, where C<$args> is everything
on your C<require> line after the word C<species>. The method should return OK
on success and HTTP_FORBIDDEN on failure.
=head2 get_satisfy(): string
Get the value of C<${auth_name}Satisfy>, or C<all> if it is not set.
=head2 satisfy_is_valid(): bool
return true if the configured C<${auth_name}Satisfy> is valid, false otherwise.
=head2 authen_cred(): string
You must define this method yourself in your subclass of
C<Apache2::AuthCookie>. Its job is to create the session key that will
be preserved in the user's cookie. The arguments passed to it are:
sub authen_cred ($$\@) {
my $self = shift; # Package name (same as AuthName directive)
my $r = shift; # Apache request object
my @cred = @_; # Credentials from login form
...blah blah blah, create a session key...
return $session_key;
}
The only limitation on the session key is that you should be able to
look at it later and determine the user's username. You are
responsible for implementing your own session key format. A typical
format is to make a string that contains the username, an expiration
time, whatever else you need, and an MD5 hash of all that data
together with a secret key. The hash will ensure that the user
doesn't tamper with the session key. More info in the Eagle book.
=head2 authen_ses_key($r, $session_key): string
You must define this method yourself in your subclass of
Apache2::AuthCookie. Its job is to look at a session key and determine
whether it is valid. If so, it returns the username of the
authenticated user.
sub authen_ses_key ($$$) {
my ($self, $r, $session_key) = @_;
...blah blah blah, check whether $session_key is valid...
return $ok ? $username : undef;
}
Optionally, return an array of 2 or more items that will be passed to method
custom_errors. It is the responsibility of this method to return the correct
response to the main Apache module.
=head2 custom_errors($r,@_): int
Note: this interface is experimental.
This method handles the server response when you wish to access the Apache
custom_response method. Any suitable response can be used. this is
particularly useful when implementing 'by directory' access control using
the user authentication information. i.e.
/restricted
/one user is allowed access here
/two not here
/three AND here
The authen_ses_key method would return a normal response when the user attempts
to access 'one' or 'three' but return (NOT_FOUND, 'File not found') if an
attempt was made to access subdirectory 'two'. Or, in the case of expired
credentials, (AUTH_REQUIRED,'Your session has timed out, you must login
again').
example 'custom_errors'
sub custom_errors {
my ($self,$r,$CODE,$msg) = @_;
# return custom message else use the server's standard message
$r->custom_response($CODE, $msg) if $msg;
return($CODE);
}
where CODE is a valid code from Apache2::Const
=encoding UTF-8
=head1 ENCODING AND CHARACTER SETS
=head2 Encoding
AuthCookie provides support for decoding POST/GET data if you tell it what the
client encoding is. You do this by setting the C<< ${auth_name}Encoding >>
setting in C<httpd.conf>. E.g.:
PerlSetVar WhateEverEncoding UTF-8
# and you also need to arrange for charset=UTF-8 at the end of the
# Content-Type header with something like:
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
Note that you B<can> use charsets other than C<UTF-8>, however, you need to
arrange for the browser to send the right encoding back to the server.
If you have turned on Encoding support by setting C<< ${auth_name}Encoding >>,
this has the following effects:
=over 4
=item *
The internal pure-perl params processing subclass will be used, even if
libapreq2 is installed. libapreq2 does not have any support for encoding or
unicode.
=item *
POST/GET data intercepted by AuthCookie will be decoded to perl's internal
format using L<Encode/decode>.
=item *
The value stored in C<< $r-E<gt>user >> will be encoded as B<bytes>, not
characters using the configured encoding name. This is because the value
stored by mod_perl is a C API string, and not a perl string. You can use
L<decoded_user()> to get user string encoded using B<character> semantics.
=back
This does has some caveats:
=over 4
=item *
your L<authen_cred()> and L<authen_ses_key()> function is expected to return
a decoded username, either by passing it through L<Encode/decode()>, or, by
turning on the UTF8 flag if appropriate.
=item *
Due to the way HTTP works, cookies cannot contain non-ASCII characters.
Because of this, if you are including the username in your generated session
key, you will need to escape any non-ascii characters in the session key
returned by L<authen_cred()>.
=item *
Similarly, you must reverse this escaping process in L<authen_ses_key()> and
return a L<Encode/decode()> decoded username. If your L<authen_cred()>
function already only generates ASCII-only session keys then you do not need to
worry about any of this.
=item *
The value stored in C<< $r-E<gt>user >> will be encoded using bytes semantics
using the configured B<Encoding>. If you want the decoded user value, use
L<decoded_user()> instead.
=back
=head2 Requires
You can also specify what the charset is of the Apache C<< $r-E<gt>requires >>
data is by setting C<< ${auth_name}RequiresEncoding >> in httpd.conf.
E.g.:
PerlSetVar WhatEverRequiresEncoding UTF-8
This will make it so that AuthCookie will decode your C<requires> directives
using the configured character set. You really only need to do this if you
have used non-ascii characters in any of your C<requires> directives in
httpd.conf. e.g.:
requires user programmør
=head1 EXAMPLE
For an example of how to use Apache2::AuthCookie, you may want to check
out the test suite, which runs AuthCookie through a few of its paces.
The documents are located in t/eg/, and you may want to peruse
t/real.t to see the generated httpd.conf file (at the bottom of
real.t) and check out what requests it's making of the server (at the
top of real.t).
=head1 THE LOGIN SCRIPT
You will need to create a login script (called login.pl above) that
generates an HTML form for the user to fill out. You might generate
the page using a ModPerl::Registry script, a HTML::Mason component, an Apache
handler, or perhaps even using a static HTML page. It's usually useful to
generate it dynamically so that you can define the 'destination' field
correctly (see below).
The following fields must be present in the form:
=over 4
=item 1.
The ACTION of the form must be /LOGIN (or whatever you defined in your
server configuration as handled by the ->login() method - see example
in the SYNOPSIS section).
=item 2.
The various user input fields (username, passwords, etc.) must be
named 'credential_0', 'credential_1', etc. on the form. These will
get passed to your authen_cred() method.
=item 3.
You must define a form field called 'destination' that tells
AuthCookie where to redirect the request after successfully logging
in. Typically this value is obtained from C<$r-E<gt>prev-E<gt>uri>.
See the login.pl script in t/eg/.
=back
In addition, you might want your login page to be able to tell why
the user is being asked to log in. In other words, if the user sent
bad credentials, then it might be useful to display an error message
saying that the given username or password are invalid. Also, it
might be useful to determine the difference between a user that sent
an invalid auth cookie, and a user that sent no auth cookie at all. To
cope with these situations, B<AuthCookie> will set
C<$r-E<gt>subprocess_env('AuthCookieReason')> to one of the following values.
=over 4
=item I<no_cookie>
The user presented no cookie at all. Typically this means the user is
trying to log in for the first time.
=item I<bad_cookie>
The cookie the user presented is invalid. Typically this means that the user
is not allowed access to the given page.
=item I<bad_credentials>
The user tried to log in, but the credentials that were passed are invalid.
=back
You can examine this value in your login form by examining
C<$r-E<gt>prev-E<gt>subprocess_env('AuthCookieReason')> (because it's
a sub-request).
Of course, if you want to give more specific information about why
access failed when a cookie is present, your C<authen_ses_key()>
method can set arbitrary entries in C<$r-E<gt>subprocess_env>.
=head1 THE LOGOUT SCRIPT
If you want to let users log themselves out (something that can't be
done using Basic Auth), you need to create a logout script. For an example,
see t/htdocs/docs/logout.pl. Logout scripts may want to take advantage of
AuthCookie's C<logout()> method, which will set the proper cookie headers in
order to clear the user's cookie. This usually looks like
C<$r-E<gt>auth_type-E<gt>logout($r);>.
Note that if you don't necessarily trust your users, you can't count
on cookie deletion for logging out. You'll have to expire some
server-side login information too. AuthCookie doesn't do this for
you, you have to handle it yourself.
=head1 ABOUT SESSION KEYS
Unlike the sample AuthCookieHandler, you have you verify the user's
login and password in C<authen_cred()>, then you do something
like:
my $date = localtime;
my $ses_key = MD5->hexhash(join(';', $date, $PID, $PAC));
save C<$ses_key> along with the user's login, and return C<$ses_key>.
Now C<authen_ses_key()> looks up the C<$ses_key> passed to it and
returns the saved login. I use Oracle to store the session key and
retrieve it later, see the ToDo section below for some other ideas.
=head2 TO DO
=over 4
=item *
It might be nice if the logout method could accept some parameters
that could make it easy to redirect the user to another URI, or
whatever. I'd have to think about the options needed before I
implement anything, though.
=back
=head1 HISTORY
Originally written by Eric Bartley <bartley@purdue.edu>
versions 2.x were written by Ken Williams <ken@forum.swarthmore.edu>
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2000 Ken Williams. All rights reserved.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<Apache2::AuthCookie::Base>
=head1 SOURCE
The development version is on github at L<http://github.com/mschout/apache-authcookie>
and may be cloned from L<git://github.com/mschout/apache-authcookie.git>
=head1 BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests to bug-apache-authcookie@rt.cpan.org or through the web interface at:
http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Apache-AuthCookie
=head1 AUTHOR
Michael Schout <mschout@cpan.org>
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2000 by Ken Williams.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
=cut
__END__
# vim: sw=4 ts=4 ai et
|