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<p>
Next: <a href="Sets.html#Sets" accesskey="n" rel="next">Sets</a>, Previous: <a href="Optimization.html#Optimization" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Optimization</a>, Up: <a href="index.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="Statistics-1"></a>
<h2 class="chapter">26 Statistics</h2>
<p>Octave has support for various statistical methods. This includes
basic descriptive statistics, probability distributions, statistical tests,
random number generation, and much more.
</p>
<p>The functions that analyze data all assume that multi-dimensional data
is arranged in a matrix where each row is an observation, and each
column is a variable. Thus, the matrix defined by
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">a = [ 0.9, 0.7;
0.1, 0.1;
0.5, 0.4 ];
</pre></div>
<p>contains three observations from a two-dimensional distribution.
While this is the default data arrangement, most functions support
different arrangements.
</p>
<p>It should be noted that the statistics functions don’t test for data
containing NaN, NA, or Inf. These values need to be detected and dealt
with explicitly. See <a href="Finding-Elements-and-Checking-Conditions.html#XREFisnan">isnan</a>, <a href="Missing-Data.html#XREFisna">isna</a>,
<a href="Finding-Elements-and-Checking-Conditions.html#XREFisinf">isinf</a>, <a href="Finding-Elements-and-Checking-Conditions.html#XREFisfinite">isfinite</a>.
</p>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Descriptive-Statistics.html#Descriptive-Statistics" accesskey="1">Descriptive Statistics</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Basic-Statistical-Functions.html#Basic-Statistical-Functions" accesskey="2">Basic Statistical Functions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Statistical-Plots.html#Statistical-Plots" accesskey="3">Statistical Plots</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Correlation-and-Regression-Analysis.html#Correlation-and-Regression-Analysis" accesskey="4">Correlation and Regression Analysis</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Distributions.html#Distributions" accesskey="5">Distributions</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Tests.html#Tests" accesskey="6">Tests</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Random-Number-Generation.html#Random-Number-Generation" accesskey="7">Random Number Generation</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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