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<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Ordering of Steps</h1>



<p>In recipes, there are no constraints related to the order in which steps are added to the recipe. However, there are some general suggestions that you should consider:</p>
<ul>
<li>If using a Box-Cox transformation, don’t center the data first or do any operations that might make the data non-positive. Alternatively, use the Yeo-Johnson transformation so you don’t have to worry about this.</li>
<li>Recipes do not automatically create dummy variables (unlike <em>most</em> formula methods). If you want to center, scale, or do any other operations on <em>all</em> of the predictors, run <code>step_dummy</code> first so that numeric columns are in the data set instead of factors.</li>
<li>As noted in the help file for <code>step_interact</code>, you should make dummy variables <em>before</em> creating the interactions.</li>
<li>If you are lumping infrequently categories together with <code>step_other</code>, call <code>step_other</code> before <code>step_dummy</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p>While your project’s needs may vary, here is a suggested order of <em>potential</em> steps that should work for most problems:</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>Impute</li>
<li>Individual transformations for skewness and other issues</li>
<li>Discretize (if needed and if you have no other choice)</li>
<li>Create dummy variables</li>
<li>Create interactions</li>
<li>Normalization steps (center, scale, range, etc)</li>
<li>Multivariate transformation (e.g. PCA, spatial sign, etc)</li>
</ol>
<p>Again, your milage may vary for your particular problem.</p>

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