/usr/bin/cwm is in swap-cwm 1.2.1-7.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o755.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
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"""
$Id: cwm.py,v 1.197 2007/12/13 15:38:39 syosi Exp $
Closed World Machine
(also, in Wales, a valley - topologiclly a partially closed world perhaps?)
This is an application which knows a certian amount of stuff and can manipulate
it. It uses llyn, a (forward chaining) query engine, not an (backward chaining)
inference engine: that is, it will apply all rules it can but won't figure out
which ones to apply to prove something.
License
-------
Cwm: http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm.html
Copyright (c) 2000-2004 World Wide Web Consortium, (Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, European Research Consortium for Informatics
and Mathematics, Keio University). All Rights Reserved. This work is
distributed under the W3C Software License [1] in the hope that it
will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
[1] http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2002/copyright-software-20021231
"""
#the following lines should be removed. They will NOT work with any distribution
#-----------------
from os import chdir, getcwd
from sys import path
qqq = getcwd()
chdir(path[0])
chdir('..')
path.append(getcwd())
chdir(qqq)
#import swap
#print dir(swap)
#-----------------
#end lines should be removed
import string, sys
# From http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/
from swap import diag
from swap.why import explainFormula, newTopLevelFormula
from swap.diag import verbosity, setVerbosity, progress, tracking, setTracking
from swap.uripath import join, splitFrag
from swap.webAccess import urlopenForRDF, load, sandBoxed
from swap import notation3 # N3 parsers and generators
from swap import toXML # RDF generator
from swap.why import BecauseOfCommandLine
from swap.query import think, applyRules, applyQueries, applySparqlQueries, testIncludes
from swap.update import patch
from swap import uripath
from swap import llyn
from swap import RDFSink
cvsRevision = "$Revision: 1.197 $"
################################################# Command line
def doCommand():
"""Command line RDF/N3 tool
<command> <options> <steps> [--with <more args> ]
options:
--pipe Don't store, just pipe out *
steps, in order left to right:
--rdf Input & Output ** in RDF/XML instead of n3 from now on
--n3 Input & Output in N3 from now on. (Default)
--rdf=flags Input & Output ** in RDF and set given RDF flags
--n3=flags Input & Output in N3 and set N3 flags
--ntriples Input & Output in NTriples (equiv --n3=usbpartane -bySubject -quiet)
--language=x Input & Output in "x" (rdf, n3, etc) --rdf same as: --language=rdf
--languageOptions=y --n3=sp same as: --language=n3 --languageOptions=sp
--ugly Store input and regurgitate, data only, fastest *
--bySubject Store input and regurgitate in subject order *
--no No output *
(default is to store and pretty print with anonymous nodes) *
--base=<uri> Set the base URI. Input or output is done as though this were the document URI.
--closure=flags Control automatic lookup of identifiers (see below)
<uri> Load document. URI may be relative to current directory.
--apply=foo Read rules from foo, apply to store, adding conclusions to store
--patch=foo Read patches from foo, applying insertions and deletions to store
--filter=foo Read rules from foo, apply to store, REPLACING store with conclusions
--query=foo Read a N3QL query from foo, apply it to the store, and replace the store with its conclusions
--sparql=foo Read a SPARQL query from foo, apply it to the store, and replace the store with its conclusions
--rules Apply rules in store to store, adding conclusions to store
--think as -rules but continue until no more rule matches (or forever!)
--engine=otter use otter (in your $PATH) instead of llyn for linking, etc
--why Replace the store with an explanation of its contents
--why=u proof tries to be shorter
--mode=flags Set modus operandi for inference (see below)
--reify Replace the statements in the store with statements describing them.
--dereify Undo the effects of --reify
--flatten Reify only nested subexpressions (not top level) so that no {} remain.
--unflatten Undo the effects of --flatten
--think=foo as -apply=foo but continue until no more rule matches (or forever!)
--purge Remove from store any triple involving anything in class log:Chaff
--data Remove all except plain RDF triples (formulae, forAll, etc)
--strings Dump :s to stdout ordered by :k whereever { :k log:outputString :s }
--crypto Enable processing of crypto builtin functions. Requires python crypto.
--help print this message
--revision print CVS revision numbers of major modules
--chatty=50 Verbose debugging output of questionable use, range 0-99
--sparqlServer instead of outputting, start a SPARQL server on port 8000 of the store
--sparqlResults After sparql query, print in sparqlResults format instead of rdf
finally:
--with Pass any further arguments to the N3 store as os:argv values
* mutually exclusive
** doesn't work for complex cases :-/
Examples:
cwm --rdf foo.rdf --n3 --pipe Convert from rdf/xml to rdf/n3
cwm foo.n3 bar.n3 --think Combine data and find all deductions
cwm foo.n3 --flat --n3=spart
Mode flags affect inference extending to the web:
r Needed to enable any remote stuff.
a When reading schema, also load rules pointed to by schema (requires r, s)
E Errors loading schemas of definitive documents are ignored
m Schemas and definitive documents loaded are merged into the meta knowledge
(otherwise they are consulted independently)
s Read the schema for any predicate in a query.
u Generate unique ids using a run-specific
Closure flags are set to cause the working formula to be automatically expanded to
the closure under the operation of looking up:
s the subject of a statement added
p the predicate of a statement added
o the object of a statement added
t the object of an rdf:type statement added
i any owl:imports documents
r any doc:rules documents
E errors are ignored --- This is independant of --mode=E
n Normalize IRIs to URIs
e Smush together any nodes which are = (owl:sameAs)
See http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm for more documentation.
Setting the environment variable CWM_RDFLIB to 1 makes Cwm use rdflib to parse
rdf/xml files. Note that this requires rdflib.
"""
import time
import sys
from swap import myStore
# These would just be attributes if this were an object
global _store
global workingContext
option_need_rdf_sometime = 0 # If we don't need it, don't import it
# (to save errors where parsers don't exist)
option_pipe = 0 # Don't store, just pipe though
option_inputs = []
option_reify = 0 # Flag: reify on output (process?)
option_flat = 0 # Flag: reify on output (process?)
option_crypto = 0 # Flag: make cryptographic algorithms available
setTracking(0)
option_outURI = None
option_outputStyle = "-best"
_gotInput = 0 # Do we not need to take input from stdin?
option_meta = 0
option_normalize_iri = 0
option_flags = { "rdf":"l", "n3":"", "think":"", "sparql":""}
# RDF/XML serializer can't do list ("collection") syntax.
option_quiet = 0
option_with = None # Command line arguments made available to N3 processing
option_engine = "llyn"
option_why = ""
_step = 0 # Step number used for metadata
_genid = 0
hostname = "localhost" # @@@@@@@@@@@ Get real one
# The base URI for this process - the Web equiv of cwd
_baseURI = uripath.base()
option_format = "n3" # set the default format
option_first_format = None
_outURI = _baseURI
option_baseURI = _baseURI # To start with - then tracks running base
# First pass on command line - - - - - - - P A S S 1
for argnum in range(1,len(sys.argv)): # options after script name
arg = sys.argv[argnum]
if arg.startswith("--"): arg = arg[1:] # Chop posix-style -- to -
# _equals = string.find(arg, "=")
_lhs = ""
_rhs = ""
try:
[_lhs,_rhs]=arg.split('=',1)
try:
_uri = join(option_baseURI, _rhs)
except ValueError:
_uri = _rhs
except ValueError: pass
if arg == "-ugly": option_outputStyle = arg
elif _lhs == "-base": option_baseURI = _uri
elif arg == "-rdf":
option_format = "rdf"
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
option_need_rdf_sometime = 1
elif _lhs == "-rdf":
option_format = "rdf"
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
option_flags["rdf"] = _rhs
option_need_rdf_sometime = 1
elif arg == "-n3":
option_format = "n3"
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
elif _lhs == "-n3":
option_format = "n3"
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
option_flags["n3"] = _rhs
elif _lhs == "-mode":
option_flags["think"] = _rhs
elif _lhs == "-closure":
if "n" in _rhs:
option_normalize_iri = 1
#elif _lhs == "-solve":
# sys.argv[argnum+1:argnum+1] = ['-think', '-filter=' + _rhs]
elif _lhs == "-language":
option_format = _rhs
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
elif _lhs == "-languageOptions":
option_flags[option_format] = _rhs
elif arg == "-quiet": option_quiet = 1
elif arg == "-pipe": option_pipe = 1
elif arg == "-crypto": option_crypto = 1
elif _lhs == "-why":
diag.tracking=1
diag.setTracking(1)
option_why = _rhs
elif arg == "-why":
diag.tracking=1
diag.setTracking(1)
option_why = ""
elif arg == "-track":
diag.tracking=1
diag.setTracking(1)
elif arg == "-bySubject": option_outputStyle = arg
elif arg == "-no": option_outputStyle = "-no"
elif arg == "-debugString": option_outputStyle = "-debugString"
elif arg == "-strings": option_outputStyle = "-no"
elif arg == "-sparqlResults": option_outputStyle = "-no"
elif arg == "-triples" or arg == "-ntriples":
option_format = "n3"
option_flags["n3"] = "bravestpun"
option_outputStyle = "-bySubject"
option_quiet = 1
elif _lhs == "-outURI": option_outURI = _uri
elif _lhs == "-chatty":
setVerbosity(int(_rhs))
elif arg[:7] == "-apply=": pass
elif arg[:7] == "-patch=": pass
elif arg == "-reify": option_reify = 1
elif arg == "-flat": option_flat = 1
elif arg == "-help":
print doCommand.__doc__
print notation3.ToN3.flagDocumentation
print toXML.ToRDF.flagDocumentation
try:
from swap import sax2rdf # RDF1.0 syntax parser to N3 RDF stream
print sax2rdf.RDFXMLParser.flagDocumentation
except:
pass
return
elif arg == "-revision":
progress( "cwm=",cvsRevision, "llyn=", llyn.cvsRevision)
return
elif arg == "-with":
option_with = sys.argv[argnum+1:] # The rest of the args are passed to n3
break
elif arg[0] == "-": pass # Other option
else :
option_inputs.append(join(option_baseURI, arg))
_gotInput = _gotInput + 1 # input filename
# Between passes, prepare for processing
setVerbosity(0)
if not option_normalize_iri:
llyn.canonical = lambda x: x
# Base defauts
if option_baseURI == _baseURI: # Base not specified explicitly - special case
if _outURI == _baseURI: # Output name not specified either
if _gotInput == 1: # But input file *is*,
_outURI = option_inputs[0] # Just output to same URI
option_baseURI = _outURI # using that as base.
if diag.tracking:
_outURI = RDFSink.runNamespace()[:-1]
option_baseURI = _outURI
option_baseURI = splitFrag(option_baseURI)[0]
# Fix the output sink
if option_format == "rdf":
_outSink = toXML.ToRDF(sys.stdout, _outURI, base=option_baseURI, flags=option_flags["rdf"])
elif option_format == "n3" or option_format == "sparql":
_outSink = notation3.ToN3(sys.stdout.write, base=option_baseURI,
quiet=option_quiet, flags=option_flags["n3"])
elif option_format == "trace":
_outSink = RDFSink.TracingRDFSink(_outURI, base=option_baseURI,
flags=option_flags.get("trace",""))
if option_pipe:
# this is really what a parser wants to dump to
_outSink.backing = llyn.RDFStore( _outURI+"#_g",
argv=option_with, crypto=option_crypto)
else:
# this is really what a store wants to dump to
_outSink.backing = notation3.ToN3(sys.stdout.write,
base=option_baseURI, quiet=option_quiet,
flags=option_flags["n3"])
# hm. why does TimBL use sys.stdout.write, above? performance at the
else:
raise NotImplementedError
version = "$Id: cwm.py,v 1.197 2007/12/13 15:38:39 syosi Exp $"
if not option_quiet and option_outputStyle != "-no":
_outSink.makeComment("Processed by " + version[1:-1]) # Strip $ to disarm
_outSink.makeComment(" using base " + option_baseURI)
if option_flat:
_outSink = notation3.Reifier(_outSink, _outURI+ "#_formula", flat=1)
if diag.tracking:
myReason = BecauseOfCommandLine(`sys.argv`)
# @@ add user, host, pid, pwd, date time? Privacy!
else:
myReason = None
if option_pipe:
_store = _outSink
workingContext = _outSink #.newFormula()
else:
if "u" in option_flags["think"]:
_store = llyn.RDFStore(argv=option_with, crypto=option_crypto)
else:
_store = llyn.RDFStore( _outURI+"#_g",
argv=option_with, crypto=option_crypto)
myStore.setStore(_store)
if _gotInput:
workingContext = _store.newFormula(option_inputs [0]+"#_work")
newTopLevelFormula(workingContext)
else: # default input
if option_first_format is None: option_first_format = option_format
ContentType={ "rdf": "application/xml+rdf", "n3":
"text/rdf+n3", "sparql":
"x-application/sparql"}[option_first_format]
workingContext = _store.load(
# asIfFrom = join(_baseURI, ".stdin"),
asIfFrom = _baseURI,
contentType = ContentType,
flags = option_flags[option_first_format],
remember = 0,
referer = "",
why = myReason, topLevel=True)
workingContext.reopen()
workingContext.stayOpen = 1 # Never canonicalize this. Never share it.
# ____________________________________________________________________
# Take commands from command line:- - - - - P A S S 2
option_format = "n3" # Use RDF/n3 rather than RDF/XML
option_flags = { "rdf":"l", "n3":"", "think": "", "sparql":"" }
option_quiet = 0
_outURI = _baseURI
option_baseURI = _baseURI # To start with
def filterize():
"""implementation of --filter
for the --filter command, so we don't have it printed twice
"""
global workingContext
global r
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
_store._formulaeOfLength = {}
filterContext = _store.newFormula()
newTopLevelFormula(filterContext)
_store.load(_uri, openFormula=filterContext,
why=myReason, referer="")
_newContext = _store.newFormula()
newTopLevelFormula(_newContext)
applyRules(workingContext, filterContext, _newContext)
workingContext.close()
workingContext = _newContext
sparql_query_formula = None
for arg in sys.argv[1:]: # Command line options after script name
if verbosity()>5: progress("Processing %s." % (arg))
if arg.startswith("--"): arg = arg[1:] # Chop posix-style -- to -
_equals = string.find(arg, "=")
_lhs = ""
_rhs = ""
if _equals >=0:
_lhs = arg[:_equals]
_rhs = arg[_equals+1:]
try:
_uri = join(option_baseURI, _rhs)
except ValueError:
_uri =_rhs
if arg[0] != "-":
_inputURI = join(option_baseURI, splitFrag(arg)[0])
assert ':' in _inputURI
ContentType={ "rdf": "application/xml+rdf", "n3":
"text/rdf+n3",
"sparql": "x-application/sparql"}[option_format]
if not option_pipe: workingContext.reopen()
try:
load(_store, _inputURI,
openFormula=workingContext,
contentType =ContentType,
flags=option_flags[option_format],
referer="",
why=myReason)
except:
progress(_inputURI)
raise
_gotInput = 1
elif arg == "-help":
pass # shouldn't happen
elif arg == "-revision":
pass
elif _lhs == "-base":
option_baseURI = _uri
if verbosity() > 10: progress("Base now "+option_baseURI)
elif arg == "-ugly":
option_outputStyle = arg
elif arg == "-crypto": pass
elif arg == "-pipe": pass
elif _lhs == "-outURI": option_outURI = _uri
elif arg == "-rdf": option_format = "rdf"
elif _lhs == "-rdf":
option_format = "rdf"
option_flags["rdf"] = _rhs
elif _lhs == "-mode":
option_flags["think"] = _rhs
elif _lhs == "-closure":
workingContext.setClosureMode(_rhs)
elif arg == "-n3": option_format = "n3"
elif _lhs == "-n3":
option_format = "n3"
option_flags["n3"] = _rhs
elif _lhs == "-language":
option_format = _rhs
if option_first_format == None:
option_first_format = option_format
elif _lhs == "-languageOptions":
option_flags[option_format] = _lhs
elif arg == "-quiet" : option_quiet = 1
elif _lhs == "-chatty": setVerbosity(int(_rhs))
elif arg[:7] == "-track=":
diag.tracking = int(_rhs)
elif option_pipe: ############## End of pipable options
print "# Command line error: %s illegal option with -pipe", arg
break
elif arg == "-triples" or arg == "-ntriples":
option_format = "n3"
option_flags["n3"] = "spartan"
option_outputStyle = "-bySubject"
option_quiet = 1
elif arg == "-bySubject":
option_outputStyle = arg
elif arg == "-debugString":
option_outputStyle = arg
elif arg[:7] == "-apply=":
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
filterContext = _store.load(_uri,
flags=option_flags[option_format],
referer="",
why=myReason, topLevel=True)
workingContext.reopen()
applyRules(workingContext, filterContext);
elif arg[:7] == "-apply=":
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
filterContext = _store.load(_uri,
flags=option_flags[option_format],
referer="",
why=myReason, topLevel=True)
workingContext.reopen()
applyRules(workingContext, filterContext);
elif arg[:7] == "-patch=":
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
filterContext = _store.load(_uri,
flags=option_flags[option_format],
referer="",
why=myReason, topLevel=True)
workingContext.reopen()
patch(workingContext, filterContext);
elif _lhs == "-filter":
filterize()
elif _lhs == "-query":
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
filterContext = _store.load(_uri,
flags=option_flags[option_format],
referer="",
why=myReason, topLevel=True)
_newContext = _store.newFormula()
applyQueries(workingContext, filterContext, _newContext)
workingContext.close()
workingContext = _newContext
elif _lhs == "-sparql":
workingContext.stayOpen = False
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
filterContext = _store.load(_uri, why=myReason,
referer="", contentType="x-application/sparql")
_newContext = _store.newFormula()
_newContext.stayOpen = True
sparql_query_formula = filterContext
applySparqlQueries(workingContext, filterContext, _newContext)
# workingContext.close()
workingContext = _newContext
elif _lhs == "-why" or arg == "-why":
workingContext.stayOpen = False
workingContext = workingContext.close()
workingContext = explainFormula(workingContext, option_why)
# Can't prove proofs
diag.tracking=0
diag.setTracking(0)
elif arg == "-dump":
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
progress("\nDump of working formula:\n" + workingContext.debugString())
elif arg == "-purge":
workingContext.reopen()
_store.purge(workingContext)
elif arg == "-purge-rules" or arg == "-data":
workingContext.reopen()
_store.purgeExceptData(workingContext)
elif arg == "-rules":
workingContext.reopen()
applyRules(workingContext, workingContext)
elif arg[:7] == "-think=":
filterContext = _store.load(_uri, referer="", why=myReason, topLevel=True)
if verbosity() > 4:
progress( "Input rules to --think from " + _uri)
workingContext.reopen()
think(workingContext, filterContext, mode=option_flags["think"])
elif arg[:7] == "-solve=":
# --solve is a combination of --think and --filter.
think(workingContext, mode=option_flags["think"])
filterize()
elif _lhs == "-engine":
option_engine = _rhs
elif arg == "-think":
workingContext.isWorkingContext = True
think(workingContext, mode=option_flags["think"])
elif arg == '-rete':
from swap import pycwmko
pythink = pycwmko.directPychinkoQuery(workingContext)
#return
#pythink()
"""
from pychinko import interpreter
from swap.set_importer import Set, ImmutableSet
pyf = pycwmko.N3Loader.N3Loader()
conv = pycwmko.ToPyStore(pyf)
conv.statements(workingContext)
interp = interpreter.Interpreter(pyf.rules[:])
interp.addFacts(Set(pyf.facts), initialSet=True)
interp.run()
pyf.facts = interp.totalFacts
workingContext = workingContext.store.newFormula()
reconv = pycwmko.FromPyStore(workingContext, pyf)
reconv.run()
"""
elif arg == '-sparqlServer':
from swap.sparql import webserver
from swap import cwm_sparql
sandBoxed(True)
workingContext.stayOpen = False
workingContext = workingContext.canonicalize()
def _handler(s):
return cwm_sparql.sparql_queryString(workingContext, s)
webserver.sparql_handler = _handler
webserver.run()
elif arg == "-lxkbdump": # just for debugging
raise NotImplementedError
elif arg == "-lxfdump": # just for debugging
raise NotImplementedError
elif _lhs == "-prove":
# code copied from -filter without really being understood -sdh
_tmpstore = llyn.RDFStore( _outURI+"#_g", metaURI=_metaURI, argv=option_with, crypto=option_crypto)
tmpContext = _tmpstore.newFormula(_uri+ "#_formula")
_newURI = join(_baseURI, "_w_"+`_genid`) # Intermediate
_genid = _genid + 1
_newContext = _tmpstore.newFormula(_newURI+ "#_formula")
_tmpstore.loadURI(_uri)
print targetkb
elif arg == "-flatten":
#raise NotImplementedError
from swap import reify
workingContext = reify.flatten(workingContext)
elif arg == "-unflatten":
from swap import reify
workingContext = reify.unflatten(workingContext)
#raise NotImplementedError
elif arg == "-reify":
from swap import reify
workingContext = reify.reify(workingContext)
elif arg == "-dereify":
from swap import reify
workingContext = reify.dereify(workingContext)
elif arg == "-size":
progress("Size: %i statements in store, %i in working formula."
%(_store.size, workingContext.size()))
elif arg == "-strings": # suppress output
workingContext.outputStrings()
option_outputStyle = "-no"
elif arg == '-sparqlResults':
from cwm_sparql import outputString, SPARQL_NS
ns = _store.newSymbol(SPARQL_NS)
if not sparql_query_formula:
raise ValueError('No query')
else:
sys.stdout.write(outputString(sparql_query_formula, workingContext)[0].encode('utf_8'))
option_outputStyle = "-no"
elif arg == "-no": # suppress output
option_outputStyle = arg
elif arg[:8] == "-outURI=": pass
elif arg == "-with": break
else:
progress( "cwm: Unknown option: " + arg)
sys.exit(-1)
# Squirt it out if not piped
workingContext.stayOpen = 0 # End its use as an always-open knoweldge base
if option_pipe:
workingContext.endDoc()
else:
if hasattr(_outSink, "serializeKB"):
raise NotImplementedError
else:
if verbosity()>5: progress("Begining output.")
workingContext = workingContext.close()
assert workingContext.canonical != None
if option_outputStyle == "-ugly":
_store.dumpChronological(workingContext, _outSink)
elif option_outputStyle == "-bySubject":
_store.dumpBySubject(workingContext, _outSink)
elif option_outputStyle == "-no":
pass
elif option_outputStyle == "-debugString":
print workingContext.debugString()
else: # "-best"
_store.dumpNested(workingContext, _outSink,
flags=option_flags[option_format])
############################################################ Main program
if __name__ == '__main__':
import os
doCommand()
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