This file is indexed.

/usr/share/perl5/Email/Valid.pm is in libemail-valid-perl 0.185-1.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
package Email::Valid;
require 5.006;
use strict;
use warnings;
use vars qw( $VERSION $RFC822PAT %AUTOLOAD $AUTOLOAD $NSLOOKUP_PAT
             @NSLOOKUP_PATHS $Details $Resolver $Nslookup_Path
             $DNS_Method $TLD $Debug );

use Carp;
use IO::File;
use Mail::Address;
use File::Spec;

use bytes;

$VERSION = '0.185';

%AUTOLOAD = (
  fqdn     => 1,
  fudge    => 1,
  mxcheck  => 1,
  tldcheck => 1,
  local_rules => 1,
);

$NSLOOKUP_PAT = 'preference|serial|expire|mail\s+exchanger';
@NSLOOKUP_PATHS = File::Spec->path();

# initialize if already loaded, better in prefork mod_perl environment
$DNS_Method = defined $Net::DNS::VERSION ? 'Net::DNS' : '';
unless ($DNS_Method) {
    __PACKAGE__->_select_dns_method;
}

# initialize $Resolver if necessary
if ($DNS_Method eq 'Net::DNS') {
    unless (defined $Resolver) {
        $Resolver = Net::DNS::Resolver->new;
    }
}

sub new {
  my $class   = shift;

  $class = ref $class || $class;
  bless my $self = {}, $class;
  $self->_initialize;
  %$self = $self->_rearrange([ keys %AUTOLOAD ], \@_);
  return $self;
}

sub _initialize {
  my $self = shift;

  $self->{mxcheck}     = 0;
  $self->{tldcheck}    = 0;
  $self->{fudge}       = 0;
  $self->{fqdn}        = 1;
  $self->{local_rules} = 0;
  $self->{details}     = $Details = undef;
}

# Pupose: handles named parameter calling style
sub _rearrange {
  my $self = shift;
  my(@names)  = @{ shift() };
  my(@params) = @{ shift() };
  my(%args);

  ref $self ? %args = %$self : _initialize( \%args );
  return %args unless @params;

  unless ($params[0] =~ /^-/ and @params > 1) {
    while(@params) {
      croak 'unexpected number of parameters' unless @names;
      $args{ lc shift @names } = shift @params;
    }
    return %args;
  }

  while(@params) {
    my $param = lc substr(shift @params, 1);
    $args{ $param } = shift @params;
  }

  %args;
}

# Purpose: determine why an address failed a check
sub details {
  my $self = shift;

  return (ref $self ? $self->{details} : $Details) unless @_;
  $Details = shift;
  $self->{details} = $Details if ref $self;
  return undef;
}

# Purpose: Check whether address conforms to RFC 822 syntax.
sub rfc822 {
  my $self = shift;
  my %args = $self->_rearrange([qw( address )], \@_);

  my $addr = $args{address} or return $self->details('rfc822');
  $addr = $addr->address if eval { $addr->isa('Mail::Address') };

  return $self->details('rfc822')
    if $addr =~ /\P{ASCII}/ or $addr !~ m/^$RFC822PAT$/o;

  return 1;
}

# Purpose: attempt to locate the nslookup utility
sub _find_nslookup {
  my $self = shift;

  my $ns = 'nslookup';
  foreach my $path (@NSLOOKUP_PATHS) {
    my $file = File::Spec->catfile($path, $ns);
    return "$file.exe" if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') and -x "$file.exe" and !-d _;
    return $file if -x $file and !-d _;
  }
  return undef;
}

sub _select_dns_method {
  # Configure a global resolver object for DNS queries
  # if Net::DNS is available
  eval { require Net::DNS };
  return $DNS_Method = 'Net::DNS' unless $@;

  $DNS_Method = 'nslookup';
}

# Purpose: perform DNS query using the Net::DNS module
sub _net_dns_query {
  my $self = shift;
  my $host = shift;

  $Resolver = Net::DNS::Resolver->new unless defined $Resolver;

  my $packet = $Resolver->send($host, 'A') or croak $Resolver->errorstring;
  return 1 if $packet->header->ancount;

  $packet = $Resolver->send($host, 'MX') or croak $Resolver->errorstring;
  return 1 if $packet->header->ancount;

  return $self->details('mx');
}

# Purpose: perform DNS query using the nslookup utility
sub _nslookup_query {
  my $self = shift;
  my $host = shift;
  local($/, *OLDERR);

  unless ($Nslookup_Path) {
    $Nslookup_Path = $self->_find_nslookup
      or croak 'unable to locate nslookup';
  }

  # Check for an A record
  return 1 if gethostbyname $host;

  # Check for an MX record
  if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' or $^O eq 'Cygwin') {
    # Oh no, we're on Windows!
    require IO::CaptureOutput;
    my $response = IO::CaptureOutput::capture_exec(
     $Nslookup_Path, '-query=mx', $host
    );
    croak "unable to execute nslookup '$Nslookup_Path': exit $?" if $?;
    print STDERR $response if $Debug;
    $response =~ /$NSLOOKUP_PAT/io or return $self->details('mx');
    return 1;
  } else {
    # phew, we're not on Windows!
    if (my $fh = IO::File->new('-|')) {
      my $response = <$fh>;
      print STDERR $response if $Debug;
      close $fh;
      $response =~ /$NSLOOKUP_PAT/io or return $self->details('mx');
      return 1;
    } else {
      open OLDERR, '>&STDERR' or croak "cannot dup stderr: $!";
      open STDERR, '>&STDOUT' or croak "cannot redirect stderr to stdout: $!";
      {
        exec $Nslookup_Path, '-query=mx', $host;
      }
      open STDERR, ">&OLDERR";
      croak "unable to execute nslookup '$Nslookup_Path': $!";
    }
  }
}

# Purpose: Check whether a top level domain is valid for a domain.
sub tld {
  my $self = shift;
  my %args = $self->_rearrange([qw( address )], \@_);

  unless (eval {require Net::Domain::TLD; Net::Domain::TLD->VERSION(1.65); 1}) {
    die "Net::Domain::TLD not available";
  }

  my $host = $self->_host( $args{address} or return $self->details('tld') );
  my ($tld) = $host =~ m#\.(\w+)$#;
  return Net::Domain::TLD::tld_exists($tld);
}

# Purpose: Check whether a DNS record (A or MX) exists for a domain.
sub mx {
  my $self = shift;
  my %args = $self->_rearrange([qw( address )], \@_);

  my $host = $self->_host($args{address}) or return $self->details('mx');

  $self->_select_dns_method unless $DNS_Method;

  if ($DNS_Method eq 'Net::DNS') {
    print STDERR "using Net::DNS for dns query\n" if $Debug;
    return $self->_net_dns_query( $host );
  } elsif ($DNS_Method eq 'nslookup') {
    print STDERR "using nslookup for dns query\n" if $Debug;
    return $self->_nslookup_query( $host );
  } else {
    croak "unknown DNS method '$DNS_Method'";
  }
}

# Purpose: convert address to host
# Returns: host

sub _host {
  my $self = shift;
  my $addr = shift;

  $addr = $addr->address if eval { $addr->isa('Mail::Address') };

  my $host = ($addr =~ /^.*@(.*)$/ ? $1 : $addr);
  $host =~ s/\s+//g;

  # REMOVE BRACKETS IF IT'S A DOMAIN-LITERAL
  #   RFC822 3.4.6
  #   Square brackets ("[" and "]") are used to indicate the
  #   presence of a domain-literal, which the appropriate
  #   name-domain is to use directly, bypassing normal
  #   name-resolution mechanisms.
  $host =~ s/(^\[)|(\]$)//g;
  $host;
}

# Purpose: Fix common addressing errors
# Returns: Possibly modified address
sub _fudge {
  my $self = shift;
  my $addr = shift;

  $addr =~ s/\s+//g if $addr =~ /aol\.com$/i;
  $addr =~ s/,/./g  if $addr =~ /compuserve\.com$/i;
  $addr;
}

# Purpose: Special address restrictions on a per-domain basis.
# Caveats: These organizations may change their rules at any time.
sub _local_rules {
  my $self = shift;
  my($user, $host) = @_;

  # AOL addresses cannot:
  #     - Be shorter than 3 or longer than 16 characters
  #     - Begin with numerals
  #     - Contain periods, underscores, dashes or other punctuation characters
  #
  # http://postmaster.info.aol.com/faq.html
  # Last updated: Aug 23, 2003
  if ($host =~ /aol\.com/i) {
    return undef unless $user =~ /^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]{2,15}$/;
  }
  1;
}

sub _valid_domain_parts {
  my ($self, $string) = @_;

  return unless $string and length $string <= 255;
  return if $string =~ /\.\./;
  my @labels = split /\./, $string;

  for my $label (@labels) {
    return 0 unless $self->_is_domain_label($label);
  }
  return scalar @labels;
}

sub _is_domain_label {
  my ($self, $string) = @_;
  return unless $string =~ /\A
    [A-Z0-9]          # must start with an alnum
    (?:
      [-A-Z0-9]*      # then maybe a dash or alnum
      [A-Z0-9]        # finally ending with an alnum
    )?                # lather, rinse, repeat
  \z/ix;
  return 1;
}

# Purpose: Put an address through a series of checks to determine
#          whether it should be considered valid.
sub address {
  my $self = shift;
  my %args = $self->_rearrange([qw( address fudge mxcheck tldcheck fqdn
                                    local_rules )], \@_);

  my $addr = $args{address} or return $self->details('rfc822');
  $addr = $addr->address if eval { $addr->isa('Mail::Address') };

  $addr = $self->_fudge( $addr ) if $args{fudge};
  $self->rfc822( -address => $addr ) or return undef;

  ($addr) = Mail::Address->parse( $addr );

  $addr or return $self->details('rfc822'); # This should never happen

  if ($args{local_rules}) {
    $self->_local_rules( $addr->user, $addr->host )
      or return $self->details('local_rules');
  }

  if ($args{fqdn}) {
    no warnings 'uninitialized'; # valid domain parts might return undef
    $self->_valid_domain_parts($addr->host) > 1
      or return $self->details('fqdn');
  }

  if ($args{tldcheck}) {
    $self->tld( $addr->host ) or return $self->details('tldcheck');
  }

  if ($args{mxcheck}) {
    # I'm not sure this ->details call is needed, but I'll test for it later.
    # The whole ->details thing is... weird. -- rjbs, 2006-06-08
    $self->mx( $addr->host ) or return $self->details('mxcheck');
  }

  return (wantarray ? ($addr->address, $addr) : $addr->address);
}

sub AUTOLOAD {
  my $self = shift;
  my $type = ref($self) || die "$self is not an object";
  my $name = $AUTOLOAD;

  $name =~ s/.*://;
  return if $name eq 'DESTROY';
  die "unknown autoload name '$name'" unless $AUTOLOAD{$name};

  return (@_ ? $self->{$name} = shift : $self->{$name});
}

# Regular expression built using Jeffrey Friedl's example in
# _Mastering Regular Expressions_ (http://www.ora.com/catalog/regexp/).

$RFC822PAT = <<'EOF';
[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\
xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xf
f\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\x
ff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|"[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015
"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*)*")[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\
xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80
-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*
)*(?:\.[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\
\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\
x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x8
0-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|"[^\\\x80-\xff\n
\015"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*)*")[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x
80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^
\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040
\t]*)*)*@[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([
^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\
\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\
x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-
\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\[^\x80-\xff])*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()
]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\
x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:\.[\04
0\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\
n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\
015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?!
[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\
]]|\\[^\x80-\xff])*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\
x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\01
5()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*)*|(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".
\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]
)|"[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*)*")[^
()<>@,;:".\\\[\]\x80-\xff\000-\010\012-\037]*(?:(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\0
15()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][
^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)|"[^\\\x80-\xff\
n\015"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*)*")[^()<>@,;:".\\\[\]\
x80-\xff\000-\010\012-\037]*)*<[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?
:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-
\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:@[\040\t]*
(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015
()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()
]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\0
40)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\
[^\x80-\xff])*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\
xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*
)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:\.[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80
-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x
80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t
]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\
\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\[^\x80-\xff])
*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x
80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80
-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*)*(?:,[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015(
)]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\
\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*@[\040\t
]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\0
15()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015
()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(
\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|
\\[^\x80-\xff])*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80
-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()
]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:\.[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x
80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^
\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040
\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".
\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\[^\x80-\xff
])*\])[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\
\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x
80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*)*)*:[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015
()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\
\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*)?(?:[^
(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-
\037\x80-\xff])|"[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\
n\015"]*)*")[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|
\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))
[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:\.[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff
\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\x
ff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(
?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\
000-\037\x80-\xff])|"[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015"]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\
xff\n\015"]*)*")[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\x
ff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)
*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*)*@[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\x
ff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-
\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)
*(?:[^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\
]\000-\037\x80-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\[^\x80-\xff])*\]
)[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-
\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\x
ff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:\.[\040\t]*(?:\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(
?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80
-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\)[\040\t]*)*(?:[^(\040)<
>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x80-\xff]+(?![^(\040)<>@,;:".\\\[\]\000-\037\x8
0-\xff])|\[(?:[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015\[\]]|\\[^\x80-\xff])*\])[\040\t]*(?:
\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*(?:(?:\\[^\x80-\xff]|\([^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]
*(?:\\[^\x80-\xff][^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)*\))[^\\\x80-\xff\n\015()]*)
*\)[\040\t]*)*)*>)
EOF

$RFC822PAT =~ s/\n//g;

1;

__END__

=head1 NAME

Email::Valid - Check validity of Internet email addresses

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use Email::Valid;
  print (Email::Valid->address('maurice@hevanet.com') ? 'yes' : 'no');

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module determines whether an email address is well-formed, and
optionally, whether a mail host exists for the domain.

Please note that there is no way to determine whether an
address is deliverable without attempting delivery (for details, see
perlfaq 9).

=head1 PREREQUISITES

This module requires perl 5.004 or later and the Mail::Address module.
Either the Net::DNS module or the nslookup utility is required
for DNS checks.  The Net::Domain::TLD module is required to check the
validity of top level domains.

=head1 METHODS

  Every method which accepts an <ADDRESS> parameter may
  be passed either a string or an instance of the Mail::Address
  class.  All errors raise an exception.

=over 4

=item new ( [PARAMS] )

This method is used to construct an Email::Valid object.
It accepts an optional list of named parameters to
control the behavior of the object at instantiation.

The following named parameters are allowed.  See the
individual methods below of details.

 -mxcheck
 -tldcheck
 -fudge
 -fqdn
 -local_rules

=item mx ( <ADDRESS>|<DOMAIN> )

This method accepts an email address or domain name and determines
whether a DNS record (A or MX) exists for it.

The method returns true if a record is found and undef if not.

Either the Net::DNS module or the nslookup utility is required for
DNS checks.  Using Net::DNS is the preferred method since error
handling is improved.  If Net::DNS is available, you can modify
the behavior of the resolver (e.g. change the default tcp_timeout
value) by manipulating the global Net::DNS::Resolver instance stored in
$Email::Valid::Resolver.

=item tld ( <ADDRESS> )

This method determines whether the domain part of an address is in a recognized
top-level domain.

=item rfc822 ( <ADDRESS> )

This method determines whether an address conforms to the RFC822
specification (except for nested comments).  It returns true if it
conforms and undef if not.

=item fudge ( <TRUE>|<FALSE> )

Specifies whether calls to address() should attempt to correct
common addressing errors.  Currently, this results in the removal of
spaces in AOL addresses, and the conversion of commas to periods in
Compuserve addresses.  The default is false.

=item fqdn ( <TRUE>|<FALSE> )

Species whether addresses passed to address() must contain a fully
qualified domain name (FQDN).  The default is true.

=item local_rules ( <TRUE>|<FALSE> )

Specifies whether addresses passed to address() should be tested
for domain specific restrictions.  Currently, this is limited to
certain AOL restrictions that I'm aware of.  The default is false.

=item mxcheck ( <TRUE>|<FALSE> )

Specifies whether addresses passed to address() should be checked
for a valid DNS entry.  The default is false.

=item tldcheck ( <TRUE>|<FALSE> )

Specifies whether addresses passed to address() should be checked
for a valid top level domains.  The default is false.

=item address ( <ADDRESS> )

This is the primary method which determines whether an email
address is valid.  It's behavior is modified by the values of
mxcheck(), tldcheck(), local_rules(), fqdn(), and fudge().  If the address
passes all checks, the (possibly modified) address is returned as
a string.  Otherwise, the undefined value is returned.
In a list context, the method also returns an instance of the
Mail::Address class representing the email address.

=item details ()

If the last call to address() returned undef, you can call this
method to determine why it failed.  Possible values are:

 rfc822
 local_rules
 fqdn
 mxcheck
 tldcheck

If the class is not instantiated, you can get the same information
from the global $Email::Valid::Details.

=back

=head1 EXAMPLES

Let's see if the address 'maurice@hevanet.com' conforms to the
RFC822 specification:

  print (Email::Valid->address('maurice@hevanet.com') ? 'yes' : 'no');

Additionally, let's make sure there's a mail host for it:

  print (Email::Valid->address( -address => 'maurice@hevanet.com',
                                -mxcheck => 1 ) ? 'yes' : 'no');

Let's see an example of how the address may be modified:

  $addr = Email::Valid->address('Alfred Neuman <Neuman @ foo.bar>');
  print "$addr\n"; # prints Neuman@foo.bar

Now let's add the check for top level domains:

  $addr = Email::Valid->address( -address => 'Neuman@foo.bar',
                                 -tldcheck => 1 );
  print "$addr\n"; # doesn't print anything

Need to determine why an address failed?

  unless(Email::Valid->address('maurice@hevanet')) {
    print "address failed $Email::Valid::Details check.\n";
  }

If an error is encountered, an exception is raised.  This is really
only possible when performing DNS queries.  Trap any exceptions by
wrapping the call in an eval block:

  eval {
    $addr = Email::Valid->address( -address => 'maurice@hevanet.com',
                                   -mxcheck => 1 );
  };
  warn "an error was encountered: $@" if $@;

=head1 BUGS

Email::Valid should work with Perl for Win32.  In my experience,
however, Net::DNS queries seem to take an extremely long time when
a record cannot be found.

=head1 AUTHOR

Copyright 1998-2003, Maurice Aubrey E<lt>maurice@hevanet.comE<gt>.
All rights reserved.

This module is free software; you may redistribute it and/or
modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

=head1 CREDITS

Significant portions of this module are based on the ckaddr program
written by Tom Christiansen and the RFC822 address pattern developed
by Jeffrey Friedl.  Neither were involved in the construction of this
module; all errors are mine.

Thanks very much to the following people for their suggestions and
bug fixes:

  Otis Gospodnetic <otis@DOMINIS.com>
  Kim Ryan <kimaryan@ozemail.com.au>
  Pete Ehlke <pde@listserv.music.sony.com>
  Lupe Christoph
  David Birnbaum
  Achim
  Elizabeth Mattijsen (liz@dijkmat.nl)

=head1 SEE ALSO

Mail::Address, Net::DNS, Net::Domain::TLD, perlfaq9

=cut