This file is indexed.

/usr/share/perl5/XBase.pm is in libdbd-xbase-perl 1:1.03-1.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
   9
  10
  11
  12
  13
  14
  15
  16
  17
  18
  19
  20
  21
  22
  23
  24
  25
  26
  27
  28
  29
  30
  31
  32
  33
  34
  35
  36
  37
  38
  39
  40
  41
  42
  43
  44
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49
  50
  51
  52
  53
  54
  55
  56
  57
  58
  59
  60
  61
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66
  67
  68
  69
  70
  71
  72
  73
  74
  75
  76
  77
  78
  79
  80
  81
  82
  83
  84
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97
  98
  99
 100
 101
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
 118
 119
 120
 121
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
 143
 144
 145
 146
 147
 148
 149
 150
 151
 152
 153
 154
 155
 156
 157
 158
 159
 160
 161
 162
 163
 164
 165
 166
 167
 168
 169
 170
 171
 172
 173
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181
 182
 183
 184
 185
 186
 187
 188
 189
 190
 191
 192
 193
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201
 202
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210
 211
 212
 213
 214
 215
 216
 217
 218
 219
 220
 221
 222
 223
 224
 225
 226
 227
 228
 229
 230
 231
 232
 233
 234
 235
 236
 237
 238
 239
 240
 241
 242
 243
 244
 245
 246
 247
 248
 249
 250
 251
 252
 253
 254
 255
 256
 257
 258
 259
 260
 261
 262
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269
 270
 271
 272
 273
 274
 275
 276
 277
 278
 279
 280
 281
 282
 283
 284
 285
 286
 287
 288
 289
 290
 291
 292
 293
 294
 295
 296
 297
 298
 299
 300
 301
 302
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307
 308
 309
 310
 311
 312
 313
 314
 315
 316
 317
 318
 319
 320
 321
 322
 323
 324
 325
 326
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 336
 337
 338
 339
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344
 345
 346
 347
 348
 349
 350
 351
 352
 353
 354
 355
 356
 357
 358
 359
 360
 361
 362
 363
 364
 365
 366
 367
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373
 374
 375
 376
 377
 378
 379
 380
 381
 382
 383
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388
 389
 390
 391
 392
 393
 394
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403
 404
 405
 406
 407
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415
 416
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454
 455
 456
 457
 458
 459
 460
 461
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474
 475
 476
 477
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489
 490
 491
 492
 493
 494
 495
 496
 497
 498
 499
 500
 501
 502
 503
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523
 524
 525
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530
 531
 532
 533
 534
 535
 536
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541
 542
 543
 544
 545
 546
 547
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559
 560
 561
 562
 563
 564
 565
 566
 567
 568
 569
 570
 571
 572
 573
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579
 580
 581
 582
 583
 584
 585
 586
 587
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592
 593
 594
 595
 596
 597
 598
 599
 600
 601
 602
 603
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611
 612
 613
 614
 615
 616
 617
 618
 619
 620
 621
 622
 623
 624
 625
 626
 627
 628
 629
 630
 631
 632
 633
 634
 635
 636
 637
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645
 646
 647
 648
 649
 650
 651
 652
 653
 654
 655
 656
 657
 658
 659
 660
 661
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666
 667
 668
 669
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677
 678
 679
 680
 681
 682
 683
 684
 685
 686
 687
 688
 689
 690
 691
 692
 693
 694
 695
 696
 697
 698
 699
 700
 701
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712
 713
 714
 715
 716
 717
 718
 719
 720
 721
 722
 723
 724
 725
 726
 727
 728
 729
 730
 731
 732
 733
 734
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740
 741
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751
 752
 753
 754
 755
 756
 757
 758
 759
 760
 761
 762
 763
 764
 765
 766
 767
 768
 769
 770
 771
 772
 773
 774
 775
 776
 777
 778
 779
 780
 781
 782
 783
 784
 785
 786
 787
 788
 789
 790
 791
 792
 793
 794
 795
 796
 797
 798
 799
 800
 801
 802
 803
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808
 809
 810
 811
 812
 813
 814
 815
 816
 817
 818
 819
 820
 821
 822
 823
 824
 825
 826
 827
 828
 829
 830
 831
 832
 833
 834
 835
 836
 837
 838
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843
 844
 845
 846
 847
 848
 849
 850
 851
 852
 853
 854
 855
 856
 857
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862
 863
 864
 865
 866
 867
 868
 869
 870
 871
 872
 873
 874
 875
 876
 877
 878
 879
 880
 881
 882
 883
 884
 885
 886
 887
 888
 889
 890
 891
 892
 893
 894
 895
 896
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901
 902
 903
 904
 905
 906
 907
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912
 913
 914
 915
 916
 917
 918
 919
 920
 921
 922
 923
 924
 925
 926
 927
 928
 929
 930
 931
 932
 933
 934
 935
 936
 937
 938
 939
 940
 941
 942
 943
 944
 945
 946
 947
 948
 949
 950
 951
 952
 953
 954
 955
 956
 957
 958
 959
 960
 961
 962
 963
 964
 965
 966
 967
 968
 969
 970
 971
 972
 973
 974
 975
 976
 977
 978
 979
 980
 981
 982
 983
 984
 985
 986
 987
 988
 989
 990
 991
 992
 993
 994
 995
 996
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
use XBase::Memo;

=head1 NAME

XBase - Perl module for reading and writing the dbf files

=cut

# ############
package XBase;

use 5.010;
use strict;
use XBase::Base;		# will give us general methods

# ##############
# General things

use vars qw( $VERSION $errstr $CLEARNULLS @ISA );

@ISA = qw( XBase::Base );
$VERSION = '1.02';
$CLEARNULLS = 1;		# Cut off white spaces from ends of char fields

*errstr = \$XBase::Base::errstr;


# #########################################
# Open, read_header, init_memo_field, close

# Open the specified file or try to append the .dbf suffix.
sub open {
	my ($self) = shift;
	my %options;
	if (scalar(@_) % 2) { $options{'name'} = shift; }	
	$self->{'openoptions'} = { %options, @_ };

	my %locoptions;
	@locoptions{ qw( name readonly ignorememo fh ) }
		= @{$self->{'openoptions'}}{ qw( name readonly ignorememo fh ) };
	my $filename = $locoptions{'name'};
	if ($filename eq '-') {
		return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);
	}
	for my $ext ('', '.dbf', '.DBF') {
		if (-f $filename.$ext) {
			$locoptions{'name'} = $filename.$ext;
			$self->NullError();
			return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);
		}
	}
	$locoptions{'name'} = $filename;	
	return $self->SUPER::open(%locoptions);	# for nice error message
}

# We have to provide way to fill up the object upon open
sub read_header {
	my $self = shift;
	my $fh = $self->{'fh'};

	my $header;				# read the header
	$self->read($header, 32) == 32 or do {
		__PACKAGE__->Error("Error reading header of $self->{'filename'}: $!\n");
		return;
		};

	@{$self}{ qw( version last_update num_rec
		header_len record_len encrypted ) }
		= unpack 'Ca3Vvv@15a1', $header;	# parse the data

###	if (0 and $self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000")
###			{ __PACKAGE__->Error("We don't support encrypted files, sorry.\n"); return; };

	my $header_len = $self->{'header_len'};

	my ($names, $types, $lengths, $decimals) = ( [], [], [], [] );
	my ($unpacks, $readproc, $writeproc) = ( [], [], [] );
	my $lastoffset = 1;

	while ($self->tell() < $header_len - 1)	{ # read the field desc's
		my $field_def;
		$self->read($field_def, 1);
		last if $field_def eq "\r";	# we have found the terminator
		my $read = $self->read($field_def, 31, 1);
		if ($read != 31) {
			__PACKAGE__->Error("Error reading field description: $!\n");
			return;
		}

		my ($name, $type, $length, $decimal)
			= unpack 'A11a1 @16CC', $field_def;
		my ($rproc, $wproc);

		if ($type eq 'C') {		# char
			# fixup for char length > 256
			if ($decimal and not $self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'}) {
				$length += 256 * $decimal; $decimal = 0;
			}
			$rproc = sub { my $value = $_[0];
				if ($self->{'ChopBlanks'}) {
					$value =~ s/\s+$//;
				}
				return $value;
				( $value eq '' ? undef : $value );
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				sprintf '%-*.*s', $length, $length,
					(defined $value ? $value : '');
				};
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'L') {		# logical (boolean)
			$rproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				if ($value =~ /^[YyTt]$/) { return 1; }
				if ($value =~ /^[NnFf]$/) { return 0; }
				undef;
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				sprintf '%-*.*s', $length, $length,
					(defined $value ? ( $value ? 'T' : 'F') : '?');
				};
		}
		elsif ($type =~ /^[NFD]$/) {	# numbers, dates
			$rproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				($value =~ /\d/) ? $value + 0 : undef;
				};
			$wproc = sub { my $value = shift;
				if (defined $value) {
					substr(sprintf('%*.*f', $length, $decimal, ($value + 0)), -$length);
				} else {
					' ' x $length;
				}
				};
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'I') {		# Fox integer
			$rproc = sub { unpack 'V', shift; };
			$wproc = sub { pack 'V', shift; };
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'B') {		# Fox double
			$rproc = sub { unpack 'd', reverse scalar shift; };
			$wproc = sub { reverse scalar pack 'd', shift; };
		}
		elsif ($type =~ /^[MGP]$/) {	# memo fields
			my $memo = $self->{'memo'};
			if (not defined $memo and not $self->{'openoptions'}{'ignorememo'}) {
				$memo = $self->{'memo'} = $self->init_memo_field() or return;
			}
			if (defined $memo and $length == 10) {
				if (ref $memo eq 'XBase::Memo::Apollo') {
					$rproc = sub { $memo->read_record(shift); };
					$wproc = sub { $memo->write_record(shift); };
				} else {
					$rproc = sub {
						my $value = shift;
						return if not $value =~ /\d/ or $value < 0;
						$memo->read_record($value - 1) if defined $memo;
						};
					$wproc = sub {
						my $value = $memo->write_record(-1, $type, $_[0]) if defined $memo and defined $_[0] and $_[0] ne '';
						sprintf '%*.*s', $length, $length,
							(defined $value ? $value + 1: ''); };
				}
			}
			elsif (defined $memo and $length == 4) {
				$rproc = sub {
					my $val = unpack('V', $_[0]) - 1;
					return if $val < 0;
					$memo->read_record($val) if defined $memo;
					};
				$wproc = sub {
					my $value = $memo->write_record(-1, $type, shift) if defined $memo;
					pack 'V', (defined $value ? $value + 1: 0); };
			} else {
				$rproc = sub { undef; };
				$wproc = sub { ' ' x $length; };
			}
		}
		elsif ($type eq 'T') {	# time fields
			# datetime is stored internally as two
			# four-byte numbers; the first is the day under
			# the Julian Day System (JDS) and the second is
			# the number of milliseconds since midnight
			$rproc = sub {
				my ($day, $time) = unpack 'VV', $_[0];


				my $localday = $day - 2440588;
				my $localtime = $localday * 24 * 3600;
				$localtime += $time / 1000;
### print STDERR "day,time: ($day,$time -> $localtime)\n";
				return $localtime;

				my $localdata = "[$localday] $localtime: @{[localtime($localtime)]}";

				my $usec = $time % 1000;
				my $hour = int($time / 3600000);
				my $min = int(($time % 3600000) / 60000);
				my $sec = int(($time % 60000) / 1000);
				return "$day($localdata)-$hour:$min:$sec.$usec";
				};
			$wproc = sub {
				my $localtime = shift;
				my $day = int($localtime / (24 * 3600)) + 2440588;
				my $time = int(($localtime % (3600 * 24)) * 1000);

### print STDERR "day,time: ($localtime -> $day,$time)\n";

				return pack 'VV', $day, $time;	
				}
		}
		elsif ($type eq '0') {    # SNa : field "_NULLFLAGS"
			$rproc = $wproc = sub { '' };
		} elsif ($type eq 'Y') {	# Fox money
			$rproc = sub {
				my ($x, $y) = unpack 'VV', scalar shift;
				if ($y & 0x80000000) {
					- ($y ^ 0xffffffff) * (2**32 / 10**$decimal) - (($x - 1) ^ 0xffffffff) / 10**$decimal;
				} else {
					$y * (2**32 / 10**$decimal) + $x / 10**$decimal;
				}
			};
			$wproc = sub {
				my $value = shift;
				if ($value < 0) {
					pack 'VV',
						(-$value * 10**$decimal + 1) ^ 0xffffffff,
						(-$value * 10**$decimal / 2**32) ^ 0xffffffff;
				} else {
					pack 'VV',
						($value * 10**$decimal) % 2**32,
						(($value * 10**$decimal) >> 32);
				}
			};
		}


		$name =~ s/[\000 ].*$//s;
		$name = uc $name;		# no locale yet
		push @$names, $name;
		push @$types, $type;
		push @$lengths, $length;
		push @$decimals, $decimal;
		push @$unpacks, '@' . $lastoffset . 'a' .  $length;
		push @$readproc, $rproc;
		push @$writeproc, $wproc;
		$lastoffset += $length;
	}

	if ($lastoffset > $self->{'record_len'}
		and not defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'}) {
		$self->seek_to(0);
		$self->{'openoptions'}{'nolongchars'} = 1;
		return $self->read_header;
	}

	if ($lastoffset != $self->{'record_len'}
		and not defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'ignorebadheader'}) {
		__PACKAGE__->Error("Missmatch in header of $self->{'filename'}: record_len $self->{'record_len'} but offset $lastoffset\n");
		return;
	}
	if ($self->{'openoptions'}{'recompute_lastrecno'}) {
		$self->{num_rec} = int(((-s $self->{'fh'}) - $self->{header_len})
			/ $self->{record_len});
	}

	my $hashnames = {};		# create name-to-num_of_field hash
	@{$hashnames}{ reverse @$names } = reverse ( 0 .. $#$names );

			# now it's the time to store the values to the object
	@{$self}{ qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals
		hash_names last_field field_unpacks
		field_rproc field_wproc ChopBlanks) } =
			( $names, $types, $lengths, $decimals,
			$hashnames, $#$names, $unpacks,
			$readproc, $writeproc, $CLEARNULLS );


	1;	# return true since everything went fine
}

# When there is a memo field in dbf, try to open the memo file
sub init_memo_field {
	my $self = shift;
	return $self->{'memo'} if defined $self->{'memo'};
	require XBase::Memo;
	my %options = ( 'dbf_version' => $self->{'version'},
		'memosep' => $self->{'openoptions'}{'memosep'} );
	
	if (defined $self->{'openoptions'}{'memofile'}) {
		return XBase::Memo->new($self->{'openoptions'}{'memofile'}, %options);
	}
	
	for (qw( dbt DBT fpt FPT smt SMT dbt )) {
		my $memo;
		my $memoname = $self->{'filename'};
		($memoname =~ s/\.dbf$/.$_/i or $memoname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.$_/i)
			and $memo = XBase::Memo->new($memoname, %options)
			and return $memo;
	}
	return;
}

# Close the file (and memo)
sub close {
	my $self = shift;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		$self->{'memo'}->close(); delete $self->{'memo'};
	}
	$self->SUPER::close();
}

# ###############
# Little decoding
sub version		{ shift->{'version'}; }
sub last_record		{ shift->{'num_rec'} - 1; }
sub last_field		{ shift->{'last_field'}; }

# List of field names, types, lengths and decimals
sub field_names		{ @{shift->{'field_names'}}; }
sub field_types		{ @{shift->{'field_types'}}; }
sub field_lengths	{ @{shift->{'field_lengths'}}; }
sub field_decimals	{ @{shift->{'field_decimals'}}; }

# Return field number for field name
sub field_name_to_num {
	my ($self, $name) = @_; $self->{'hash_names'}{uc $name};
}
sub field_type {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_types)[$num];
}
sub field_length {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_lengths)[$num];
}
sub field_decimal {
	my ($self, $name) = @_;
	defined (my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($name)) or return;
	($self->field_decimals)[$num];
}


# #############################
# Header, field and record info

# Returns (not prints!) the info about the header of the object
*header_info = \&get_header_info;
sub get_header_info {
	my $self = shift;
	my $hexversion = sprintf '0x%02x', $self->version;
	my $longversion = $self->get_version_info()->{'string'};
	my $printdate = $self->get_last_change;
	my $numfields = $self->last_field() + 1;
	my $result = sprintf <<"EOF";
Filename:	$self->{'filename'}
Version:	$hexversion ($longversion)
Num of records:	$self->{'num_rec'}
Header length:	$self->{'header_len'}
Record length:	$self->{'record_len'}
Last change:	$printdate
Num fields:	$numfields
Field info:
Num	Name		Type	Len	Decimal
EOF
	return join '', $result, map { $self->get_field_info($_) }
					(0 .. $self->last_field);
}
# Return info about field in dbf file
sub get_field_info {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	sprintf "%d.\t%-16.16s%-8.8s%-8.8s%s\n", $num + 1,
		map { $self->{$_}[$num] }
			qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals );
}
# Return last_change item as printable string
sub get_last_change {
	my $self = shift;
	my $date = $self;
	if (ref $self) { $date = $self->{'last_update'}; }
	my ($year, $mon, $day) = unpack 'C3', $date;
	$year += ($year >= 70) ? 1900 : 2000;
	return "$year/$mon/$day";
}
# Return text description of the version value
sub get_version_info {
	my $version = shift;
	$version = $version->version() if ref $version;
	my $result = {};
	$result->{'vbits'} = $version & 0x07;
	if ($version == 0x30 or $version == 0xf5) {
		$result->{'vbits'} = 5; $result->{'foxpro'} = 1;
	} elsif ($version & 0x08) {
		$result->{'vbits'} = 4; $result->{'memo'} = 1;
	} elsif ($version & 0x80) {
		$result->{'dbt'} = 1;
	}

	my $string = "ver. $result->{'vbits'}";
	if (exists $result->{'foxpro'}) {
		$string .= " (FoxPro)";
	}
	if (exists $result->{'memo'}) {
		$string .= " with memo file";
	} elsif (exists $result->{'dbt'}) {
		$string .= " with DBT file";
	}
	$result->{'string'} = $string;

	$result;
}


# Print the records as colon separated fields
sub dump_records {
	my $self = shift;
	my %options = ( 'rs' => "\n", 'fs' => ':', 'undef' => '' );
	my %inoptions = @_;
	for my $key (keys %inoptions) {
		my $value = $inoptions{$key};
		my $outkey = lc $key;
		$outkey =~ s/[^a-z]//g;
		$options{$outkey} = $value;
	}
	my ($rs, $fs, $undef, $fields, $table)
				= @options{ qw( rs fs undef fields table ) };
	if (defined $table) {
		eval 'use Data::ShowTable';
		if ($@) {
			warn "You requested table output format but the module Data::ShowTable doesn't\nseem to be installed correctly. Falling back to standard\n";
			$table = undef;
		} else {
			delete $options{'rs'};
			delete $options{'fs'};
		}
	}

	my @fields = ();
	my @unknown_fields;
	if (defined $fields) {
		if (ref $fields eq 'ARRAY') {
			@fields = @$fields;
		} else {
			@fields = split /\s*,\s*/, $fields;
			my $i = 0;
			while ($i < @fields) {
				if (defined $self->field_name_to_num($fields[$i])) {
					$i++;
				} elsif ($fields[$i] =~ /^(.*)-(.*)/) {
					local $^W = 0;
					my @allfields = $self->field_names;
					my ($start, $end) = ($1, $2);
					if ($start eq '') {
						$start = $allfields[0];
					}
					if ($end eq '') {
						$end = $allfields[$#allfields];
					}
					my $start_num = $self->field_name_to_num($start);
					my $end_num = $self->field_name_to_num($end);
					if ($start ne '' and not defined $start_num) {
						push @unknown_fields, $start;
					}
					if ($end ne '' and not defined $end_num) {
						push @unknown_fields, $end;
					}
					unless (defined $start and defined $end) {
						$start = 0; $end = -1;
					}
					
					splice @fields, $i, 1, @allfields[$start_num .. $end_num];
				} else {
					push @unknown_fields, $fields[$i];
					$i++;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	if (@unknown_fields) {
		$self->Error("There have been unknown fields `@unknown_fields' specified.\n");
		return 0;
	}
	my $cursor = $self->prepare_select(@fields);
	my @record;
	if (defined $table) {
		local $^W = 0;
		&ShowBoxTable( $cursor->names(), [], [],
			sub {
				if ($_[0]) { $cursor->rewind(); }
				else { $cursor->fetch() }
				});
	} else {
		while (@record = $cursor->fetch) {
			print join($fs, map { defined $_ ? $_ : $undef } @record), $rs;
		}
	}
	1;
}


# ###################
# Reading the records

# Returns fields of the specified record; parameters and number of the
# record (starting from 0) and optionally names of the required
# fields. If no names are specified, all fields are returned. The
# first value in the returned list if always 1/0 deleted flag. Returns
# empty list on error.

sub get_record {
	my ($self, $num) = (shift, shift);
	$self->NullError();
	$self->get_record_nf( $num, map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @_);
}
*get_record_as_hash = \&get_record_hash;
sub get_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	my @list = $self->get_record($num) or return;
	my $hash = {};
	@{$hash}{ '_DELETED', $self->field_names() } = @list;
	return %$hash if wantarray;
	$hash;
}
sub get_record_nf {
	my ($self, $num, @fieldnums) = @_;
	my $data = $self->read_record($num) or return;
	if (not @fieldnums) {
		@fieldnums = ( 0 .. $self->last_field );
	}
	my $unpack = join ' ', '@0a1',
		map { my $e;
			defined $_ and $e = $self->{'field_unpacks'}[$_];
			defined $e ? $e : '@0a0'; } @fieldnums;
	
	my $rproc = $self->{'field_rproc'};
	my @fns = (\&_read_deleted, map { (defined $_ and defined $rproc->[$_]) ? $rproc->[$_] : sub { undef; }; } @fieldnums);

	my @out = unpack $unpack, $data;
### 	if ($self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000") {
### 		for my $data (@out) {
### 			for (my $i = 0; $i < length($data); $i++) {
### 				## my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				## substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num >> 3) | ($num << 5) ^ 020);
### 				my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num >> 1) | ($num << 7) ^ 052);
### 				}
### 			}
### 		}

	for (@out) { $_ = &{ shift @fns }($_); }

	@out;
}

# Processing on read
sub _read_deleted {
	my $value = shift;
	if ($value eq '*') { return 1; } elsif ($value eq ' ') { return 0; }
	undef;
}

sub get_all_records {
	my $self = shift;
	my $cursor = $self->prepare_select(@_);

	my $result = [];
	my @record;
	while (@record = $cursor->fetch())
		{ push @$result, [ @record ]; }
	$result;
}

# #############
# Write records

# Write record, values of the fields are in the argument list.
# Record is always undeleted
sub set_record {
	my ($self, $num, @data) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	my $wproc = $self->{'field_wproc'};

	if (defined $self->{'attached_index_columns'}) {
		my @nfs = keys %{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}};
		my ($del, @old_data) = $self->get_record_nf($num, @nfs);

		local $^W = 0;
		for my $nf (@nfs) {
			if ($old_data[$nf] ne $data[$nf]) {
				for my $idx (@{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}{$nf}}) {
					$idx->delete($old_data[$nf], $num + 1);
					$idx->insert($data[$nf], $num + 1);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#$wproc; $i++) {
		$data[$i] = &{ $wproc->[$i] }($data[$i]);
	}
	unshift @data, ' ';

### 	if ($self->{'encrypted'} ne "\000") {
### 		for my $data (@data) {
### 			for (my $i = 0; $i < length($data); $i++) {
### 				my $num = unpack 'C', substr($data, $i, 1);
### 				substr($data, $i, 1) = 	pack 'C', (($num << 3) | ($num >> 5) ^ 020);
### 				}
### 			}
### 		}

	$self->write_record($num, @data);
}

# Write record, fields are specified as hash, unspecified are set to
# undef/empty
sub set_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num, %data) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->set_record($num, map { $data{$_} } $self->field_names );
}

# Write record, fields specified as hash, unspecified will be
# unchanged
sub update_record_hash {
	my ($self, $num) = ( shift, shift );
	$self->NullError();

	my %olddata = $self->get_record_hash($num);
	return unless %olddata;
	$self->set_record_hash($num, %olddata, @_);
}

# Actually write the data (calling XBase::Base::write_record) and keep
# the overall structure of the file correct;
sub write_record {
	my ($self, $num) = (shift, shift);
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::write_record($num, @_) or return;

	if ($num > $self->last_record) {
		$self->SUPER::write_record($num + 1, "\x1a");	# add EOF
		$self->update_last_record($num) or return;
	}
	$self->update_last_change or return;
	$ret;
}

# Delete and undelete record
sub delete_record {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->write_record($num, "*");
}
sub undelete_record {
	my ($self, $num) = @_;
	$self->NullError();
	$self->write_record($num, " ");
}

# Update the last change date
sub update_last_change {
	my $self = shift;
	return 1 if defined $self->{'updated_today'};
	my ($y, $m, $d) = (localtime)[5, 4, 3]; $m++; $y -= 100 if $y >= 100;
	$self->write_to(1, pack "C3", ($y, $m, $d)) or return;
	$self->{'updated_today'} = 1;
}
# Update the number of records
sub update_last_record {
	my ($self, $last) = @_;
	$last++;
	$self->write_to(4, pack "V", $last);
	$self->{'num_rec'} = $last;
}

# Creating new dbf file
sub create {
	XBase->NullError();
	my $class = shift;
	my %options = @_;
	if (ref $class) {
		%options = ( %$class, %options ); $class = ref $class;
	}

	my $version = $options{'version'};
	if (not defined $version) {
		if (defined $options{'memofile'}
			and $options{'memofile'} =~ /\.fpt$/i) {
			$version = 0xf5;
		} else {
			$version = 3;
		}
	}

	my $key;
	for $key ( qw( field_names field_types field_lengths field_decimals ) ) {
		if (not defined $options{$key}) {
			__PACKAGE__->Error("Tag $key must be specified when creating new table\n");
			return;
		}
	}

	my $needmemo = 0;

	my $fieldspack = '';
	my $record_len = 1;
	my $i;
	for $i (0 .. $#{$options{'field_names'}}) {
		my $name = uc $options{'field_names'}[$i];
		$name = "FIELD$i" unless defined $name;
		$name .= "\0";
		my $type = $options{'field_types'}[$i];
		$type = 'C' unless defined $type;

		my $length = $options{'field_lengths'}[$i];
		my $decimal = $options{'field_decimals'}[$i];

		if (not defined $length) {		# defaults
			if ($type eq 'C')		{ $length = 64; }
			elsif ($type =~ /^[TD]$/)	{ $length = 8; }
			elsif ($type =~ /^[NF]$/)	{ $length = 8; }
		}
						# force correct lengths
		if ($type =~ /^[MBGP]$/)	{ $length = 10; $decimal = 0; }
		elsif ($type eq 'L')	{ $length = 1; $decimal = 0; }
		elsif ($type eq 'Y')	{ $length = 8; $decimal = 4; }

		if (not defined $decimal) {
			$decimal = 0;
		}
		
		$record_len += $length;
		my $offset = $record_len;
		if ($type eq 'C') {
			$decimal = int($length / 256);
			$length %= 256;
		}
		$fieldspack .= pack 'a11a1VCCvCvCa7C', $name, $type, $offset,
				$length, $decimal, 0, 0, 0, 0, '', 0;
		if ($type eq 'M') {
			$needmemo = 1;
			if ($version != 0x30) {
				$version |= 0x80;
			}
		}
	}
	$fieldspack .= "\x0d";

	{
		local $^W = 0;
		$options{'codepage'} += 0;
	}
	my $header = pack 'C CCC V vvv CC a12 CC v',
		$version,
		0, 0, 0,
		0,
		(32 + length $fieldspack), $record_len, 0,
		0, 0,
		'',
		0, $options{'codepage'},
		0;
	$header .= $fieldspack;
	$header .= "\x1a";

	my $tmp = $class->new();
	my $basename = $options{'name'};
	$basename =~ s/\.dbf$//i;
	my $newname = $options{'name'};
	if (defined $newname and not $newname =~ /\.dbf$/) {
		$newname .= '.dbf';
	}
	$tmp->create_file($newname, 0700) or return;
	$tmp->write_to(0, $header) or return;
	$tmp->update_last_change();
	$tmp->close();

	if ($needmemo) {
		require XBase::Memo;
		my $dbtname = $options{'memofile'};
		if (not defined $dbtname) {
			$dbtname = $options{'name'};
			if ($version == 0x30 or $version == 0xf5) {
				$dbtname =~ s/\.DBF$/.FPT/ or $dbtname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.fpt/;
			} else {
				$dbtname =~ s/\.DBF$/.DBT/ or $dbtname =~ s/(\.dbf)?$/.dbt/;
			}
		}
		my $dbttmp = XBase::Memo->new();
		my $memoversion = ($version & 15);
		$memoversion = 5 if $version == 0x30;
		$dbttmp->create('name' => $dbtname,
			'version' => $memoversion,
			'dbf_filename' => $basename) or return;
	}

	return $class->new($options{'name'});
}
# Drop the table
sub drop {
	my $self = shift;
	my $filename = $self;
	if (ref $self) {
		if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
			$self->{'memo'}->drop();
			delete $self->{'memo'};
		}
		return $self->SUPER::drop();
	}
	XBase::Base::drop($filename);
}
# Lock and unlock
sub locksh {
	my $self = shift;
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::locksh or return;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		unless ($self->{'memo'}->locksh()) {
			$self->SUPER::unlock;
			return;
			}
		}
	$ret;
}
sub lockex {
	my $self = shift;
	my $ret = $self->SUPER::lockex or return;
	if (defined $self->{'memo'}) {
		unless ($self->{'memo'}->lockex()) {
			$self->SUPER::unlock;
			return;
			}
		}
	$ret;
}
sub unlock {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->{'memo'}->unlock() if defined $self->{'memo'};
	$self->SUPER::unlock;
}

#
# Attaching index file
#

sub attach_index {
	my ($self, $indexfile) = @_;
	require XBase::Index;

	my $index = $self->XBase::Index::new($indexfile) or do {
		print STDERR XBase->errstr, "\n";
		$self->Error(XBase->errstr);
		return;
		};
print "Got index $index\n" if $XBase::Index::VERBOSE;
	my @tags = $index->tags;
	my @indexes;
	if (@tags) {
		for my $tag (@tags) {
			my $index = $self->XBase::Index::new($indexfile,
					'tag' => $tag)
				or do {
					print STDERR XBase->errstr, "\n";
					$self->Error(XBase->errstr);
					return;
					};
			push @indexes, $index;	
		}
	} else {
		@indexes = ( $index );
	}
	for my $idx (@indexes) {
		my $key = $idx->{'key_string'};
		my $num = $self->field_name_to_num($key);

		print "Got key string $key -> $num\n" if $XBase::Index::VERBOSE;
		
		$self->{'attached_index'} = []
				unless defined $self->{'attached_index'};
		push @{$self->{'attached_index'}}, $idx;
		push @{$self->{'attached_index_columns'}{$num}}, $idx;
	}
	1;
}

#
# Cursory select
#

sub prepare_select {
	my $self = shift;
	my $fieldnames = [ @_ ];
	if (not @_) { $fieldnames = [ $self->field_names ] };
	my $fieldnums = [ map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @$fieldnames ];
	return bless [ $self, undef, $fieldnums, $fieldnames ], 'XBase::Cursor';
		# object, recno, field numbers, field names
}

sub prepare_select_nf {
	my $self = shift;
	my @fieldnames = $self->field_names;
	if (@_) { @fieldnames = @fieldnames[ @_ ] }
	return $self->prepare_select(@fieldnames);
}

sub prepare_select_with_index {
	my ($self, $file) = ( shift, shift );
	my @tagopts = ();
	if (ref $file eq 'ARRAY') {		### this is suboptimal
				### interface but should suffice for the moment
		@tagopts = ('tag' => $file->[1]);
		if (defined $file->[2]) {
			push @tagopts, ('type' => $file->[2]);
		}
		$file = $file->[0];
	}
	my $fieldnames = [ @_ ];
	if (not @_) { $fieldnames = [ $self->field_names ] };
	my $fieldnums = [ map { $self->field_name_to_num($_); } @$fieldnames ];
	require XBase::Index;
	my $index = new XBase::Index $file, 'dbf' => $self, @tagopts or
		do { $self->Error(XBase->errstr); return; };
	$index->prepare_select or
		do { $self->Error($index->errstr); return; };
	return bless [ $self, undef, $fieldnums, $fieldnames, $index ],
							'XBase::IndexCursor';
		# object, recno, field numbers, field names, index file
}

package XBase::Cursor;
use vars qw( @ISA );
@ISA = qw( XBase::Base );

sub fetch {
	my $self = shift;
	my ($xbase, $recno, $fieldnums, $fieldnames) = @$self;
	if (defined $recno) { $recno++; }
	else { $recno = 0; }
	my $lastrec = $xbase->last_record;
	while ($recno <= $lastrec) {
		my ($del, @result) = $xbase->get_record_nf($recno, @$fieldnums);
		if (@result and not $del) {
			$self->[1] = $recno;
			return @result;
		}
		$recno++;
	}
	return;
}
sub fetch_hashref {
	my $self = shift;
	my @data = $self->fetch;
	my $hashref = {};
	if (@data) {
		@{$hashref}{ @{$self->[3]} } = @data;
		return $hashref;
	}
	return;
}
sub last_fetched {
	shift->[1];
}
sub table {
	shift->[0];
}
sub names {
	shift->[3];
}
sub rewind {
	shift->[1] = undef; '0E0';
}

sub attach_index {
	my $self = shift;
	require XBase::Index;

}

package XBase::IndexCursor;
use vars qw( @ISA );
@ISA = qw( XBase::Cursor );

sub find_eq {
	my $self = shift;
	$self->[4]->prepare_select_eq(shift);
}
sub fetch {
	my $self = shift;
	my ($xbase, $recno, $fieldnums, $fieldnames, $index) = @$self;
	my ($key, $val);
	while (($key, $val) = $index->fetch) {
		my ($del, @result) = $xbase->get_record_nf($val - 1, @$fieldnums);
		unless ($del) {
			$self->[1] = $val;
			return @result;
		}
	}
	return;
}

# Indexed number the records starting from one, not zero.
sub last_fetched {
	shift->[1] - 1;
}

1;

__END__

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use XBase;
  my $table = new XBase "dbase.dbf" or die XBase->errstr;
  for (0 .. $table->last_record) {
	my ($deleted, $id, $msg)
		= $table->get_record($_, "ID", "MSG");
	print "$id:\t$msg\n" unless $deleted;
  }

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module can read and write XBase database files, known as dbf in
dBase and FoxPro world. It also reads memo fields from the dbt and fpt
files, if needed. An alpha code of reading index support for ndx, ntx,
mdx, idx and cdx is available for testing -- see the DBD::Index(3) man
page. Module XBase provides simple native interface to XBase files.
For DBI compliant database access, see the DBD::XBase and DBI modules
and their man pages.

The following methods are supported by XBase module:

=head2 General methods

=over 4

=item new

Creates the XBase object, loads the info about the table form the dbf
file. The first parameter should be the name of existing dbf file
(table, in fact) to read. A suffix .dbf will be appended if needed.
This method creates and initializes new object, will also check for
memo file, if needed.

The parameters can also be specified in the form of hash: value of
B<name> is then the name of the table, other flags supported are:

B<memofile> specifies non standard name for the associated memo file.
By default it's the name of the dbf file, with extension dbt or fpt.

B<ignorememo> ignore memo file at all. This is useful if you've lost
the dbt file and you do not need it. Default is false.

B<memosep> separator of memo records in the dBase III dbt files. The
standard says it should be C<"\x1a\x1a">. There are however
implamentations that only put in one C<"\x1a">. XBase.pm tries to
guess which is valid for your dbt but if it fails, you can tell it
yourself.

B<nolongchars> prevents XBase to treat the decimal value of character
fields as high byte of the length -- there are some broken products
around producing character fields with decimal values set.

    my $table = new XBase "table.dbf" or die XBase->errstr;
	
    my $table = new XBase "name" => "table.dbf",
					"ignorememo" => 1;

B<recompute_lastrecno> forces XBase.pm to disbelieve the information
about the number of records in the header of the dbf file and
recompute the number of records. Use this only if you know that
some other software of yours produces incorrect headers.

=item close

Closes the object/file, no arguments.

=item create

Creates new database file on disk and initializes it with 0 records.
A dbt (memo) file will be also created if the table contains some memo
fields. Parameters to create are passed as hash.

You can call this method as method of another XBase object and then
you only need to pass B<name> value of the hash; the structure
(fields) of the new file will be the same as of the original object.

If you call B<create> using class name (XBase), you have to (besides
B<name>) also specify another four values, each being a reference
to list: B<field_names>, B<field_types>, B<field_lengths> and
B<field_decimals>. The field types are specified by one letter
strings (C, N, L, D, ...). If you set some value as undefined, create
will make it into some reasonable default.

    my $newtable = $table->create("name" => "copy.dbf");
	
    my $newtable = XBase->create("name" => "copy.dbf",
		"field_names" => [ "ID", "MSG" ],
		"field_types" => [ "N", "C" ],
		"field_lengths" => [ 6, 40 ],
		"field_decimals" => [ 0, undef ]);

Other attributes are B<memofile> for non standard memo file location,
B<codepage> to set the codepage flag in the dbf header (it does not
affect how XBase.pm reads or writes the data though, just to make
FoxPro happy), and B<version> to force different version of the dbt
(dbt) file. The default is the version of the object from which you
create the new one, or 3 if you call this as class method (XBase->create).

The new file mustn't exist yet -- XBase will not allow you to
overwrite existing table. Use B<drop> (or unlink) to delete it first.

=item drop

This method closes the table and deletes it on disk (including
associated memo file, if there is any).

=item last_record

Returns number of the last record in the file. The lines deleted but
present in the file are included in this number.

=item last_field

Returns number of the last field in the file, number of fields minus 1.

=item field_names, field_types, field_lengths, field_decimals

Return list of field names and so on for the dbf file.

=item field_type, field_length, field_decimal

For a field name, returns the appropriate value. Returns undef if the
field doesn't exist in the table.

=back

=head2 Reading the data one by one

When dealing with the records one by one, reading or writing (the
following six methods), you have to specify the number of the record
in the file as the first argument. The range is
C<0 .. $table-E<gt>last_record>.

=over 4

=item get_record

Returns a list of data (field values) from the specified record (line
of the table). The first parameter in the call is the number of the
record. If you do not specify any other parameters, all fields are
returned in the same order as they appear in the file. You can also
put list of field names after the record number and then only those
will be returned. The first value of the returned list is always the
1/0 C<_DELETED> value saying whether the record is deleted or not, so
on success, B<get_record> never returns empty list.

=item get_record_nf

Instead if the names of the fields, you can pass list of numbers of
the fields to read.

=item get_record_as_hash

Returns hash (in list context) or reference to hash (in scalar
context) containing field values indexed by field names. The name of
the deleted flag is C<_DELETED>. The only parameter in the call is
the record number. The field names are returned as uppercase.

=back

=head2 Writing the data

All three writing methods always undelete the record. On success they
return true -- the record number actually written.

=over 4

=item set_record

As parameters, takes the number of the record and the list of values
of the fields. It writes the record to the file. Unspecified fields
(if you pass less than you should) are set to undef/empty.

=item set_record_hash

Takes number of the record and hash as parameters, sets the fields,
unspecified are undefed/emptied.

=item update_record_hash

Like B<set_record_hash> but fields that do not have value specified
in the hash retain their value.

=back

To explicitly delete/undelete a record, use methods B<delete_record>
or B<undelete_record> with record number as a parameter.

Assorted examples of reading and writing:

    my @data = $table->get_record(3, "jezek", "krtek");
    my $hashref = $table->get_record_as_hash(38);
    $table->set_record_hash(8, "jezek" => "jezecek",
					"krtek" => 5);
    $table->undelete_record(4);

This is a code to update field MSG in record where ID is 123.

    use XBase;
    my $table = new XBase "test.dbf" or die XBase->errstr;
    for (0 .. $table->last_record) {
    	my ($deleted, $id) = $table->get_record($_, "ID")
    	die $table->errstr unless defined $deleted;
    	next if $deleted;
	$table->update_record_hash($_, "MSG" => "New message")
						if $id == 123;
    }

=head2 Sequentially reading the file

If you plan to sequentially walk through the file, you can create
a cursor first and then repeatedly call B<fetch> to get next record.

=over 4

=item prepare_select

As parameters, pass list of field names to return, if no parameters,
the following B<fetch> will return all fields.

=item prepare_select_with_index

The first parameter is the file name of the index file, the rest is
as above. For index types that can hold more index structures in on
file, use arrayref instead of the file name and in that array include
file name and the tag name, and optionaly the index type.
The B<fetch> will then return records in the ascending order,
according to the index.

=back

Prepare will return object cursor, the following method are methods of
the cursor, not of the table.

=over 4

=item fetch

Returns the fields of the next available undeleted record. The list
thus doesn't contain the C<_DELETED> flag since you are guaranteed
that the record is not deleted.

=item fetch_hashref

Returns a hash reference of fields for the next non deleted record.

=item last_fetched

Returns the number of the record last fetched.

=item find_eq

This only works with cursor created via B<prepare_select_with_index>.
Will roll to the first record what is equal to specified argument, or
to the first greater if there is none equal. The following B<fetch>es
then continue normally.

=back

Examples of using cursors:

    my $table = new XBase "names.dbf" or die XBase->errstr;
    my $cursor = $table->prepare_select("ID", "NAME", "STREET");
    while (my @data = $cursor->fetch) {
	### do something here, like print "@data\n";
    }

    my $table = new XBase "employ.dbf";
    my $cur = $table->prepare_select_with_index("empid.ndx");
    ## my $cur = $table->prepare_select_with_index(
		["empid.cdx", "ADDRES", "char"], "id", "address");
    $cur->find_eq(1097);
    while (my $hashref = $cur->fetch_hashref
			and $hashref->{"ID"} == 1097) {
	### do something here with $hashref
    }

The second example shows that after you have done B<find_eq>, the
B<fetch>es continue untill the end of the index, so you have to check
whether you are still on records with given value. And if there is no
record with value 1097 in the indexed field, you will just get the
next record in the order.

The updating example can be rewritten to:

    use XBase;
    my $table = new XBase "test.dbf" or die XBase->errstr;
    my $cursor = $table->prepare_select("ID")
    while (my ($id) = $cursor->fetch) {
	$table->update_record_hash($cursor->last_fetched,
			"MSG" => "New message") if $id == 123	
    }

=head2 Dumping the content of the file

A method B<get_all_records> returns reference to an array containing
array of values for each undeleted record at once. As parameters,
pass list of fields to return for each record.

To print the content of the file in a readable form, use method
B<dump_records>. It prints all not deleted records from the file. By
default, all fields are printed, separated by colons, one record on
a row. The method can have parameters in a form of a hash with the
following keys:

=over 4

=item rs

Record separator, string, newline by default.

=item fs

Field separator, string, one colon by default.

=item fields

Reference to a list of names of the fields to print. By default it's
undef, meaning all fields.

=item undef

What to print for undefined (NULL) values, empty string by default.

=back

Example of use is

    use XBase;
    my $table = new XBase "table" or die XBase->errstr;
    $table->dump_records("fs" => " | ", "rs" => " <-+\n",
			"fields" => [ "id", "msg" ]);'

Also note that there is a script dbf_dump(1) that does the printing.

=head2 Errors and debugging

If the method fails (returns false or null list), the error message
can be retrieved via B<errstr> method. If the B<new> or B<create>
method fails, you have no object so you get the error message using
class syntax C<XBase-E<gt>errstr()>.

The method B<header_info> returns (not prints) string with
information about the file and about the fields.

Module XBase::Base(3) defines some basic functions that are inherited
by both XBase and XBase::Memo(3) module.

=head1 DATA TYPES

The character fields are returned "as is". No charset or other
translation is done. The numbers are converted to Perl numbers. The
date fields are returned as 8 character string of the 'YYYYMMDD' form
and when inserting the date, you again have to provide it in this
form. No checking for the validity of the date is done. The datetime
field is returned in the number of (possibly negative) seconds since
1970/1/1, possibly with decimal part (since it allows precision up to
1/1000 s). To get the fields, use the gmtime (or similar) Perl function.

If there is a memo field in the dbf file, the module tries to open
file with the same name but extension dbt, fpt or smt. It uses module
XBase::Memo(3) for this. It reads and writes this memo field
transparently (you do not know about it) and returns the data as
single scalar.

=head1 INDEX, LOCKS

B<New:> A support for ndx, ntx, mdx, idx and cdx index formats is
available with alpha status for testing. Some of the formats are
already rather stable (ndx). Please read the XBase::Index(3) man page
and the eg/use_index file in the distribution for examples and ideas.
Send me examples of your data files and suggestions for interface if
you need indexes.

General locking methods are B<locksh>, B<lockex> and B<unlock> for
shared lock, exclusive lock and unlock. They call flock but you can
redefine then in XBase::Base package.

=head1 INFORMATION SOURCE

This module is built using information from and article XBase File
Format Description by Erik Bachmann, URL

	http://www.clicketyclick.dk/databases/xbase/format/

Thanks a lot.

=head1 VERSION

1.02

=head1 AVAILABLE FROM

http://www.adelton.com/perl/DBD-XBase/

=head1 AUTHOR

(c) 1997--2011 Jan Pazdziora.

All rights reserved. This package is free software; you can
redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

Contact the author at jpx dash perl at adelton dot com.

=head1 THANKS

Many people have provided information, test files, test results and
patches. This project would not be so great without them. See the
Changes file for (I hope) complete list. Thank you all, guys!

Special thanks go to Erik Bachmann for his great page about the
file structures; to Frans van Loon, William McKee, Randy Kobes and
Dan Albertsson for longtime cooperation and many emails we've
exchanged when fixing and polishing the modules' behaviour; and to
Dan Albertsson for providing support for the project.

=head1 SEE ALSO

perl(1); XBase::FAQ(3); DBD::XBase(3) and DBI(3) for DBI interface;
dbf_dump(1)

=cut