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<div><h1 id="a0000000015">3.5 Printing Text</h1>
<p>PyXPlot’s <tt class="tt">print</tt> command<a name="a0000000321" id="a0000000321"></a> can be used to display strings and the results of calculations on the terminal, as in the following examples: </p><p> <tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">a=2</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print "Hello World!"</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">Hello World!</tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print a</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">2</tt> </p><p>Multiple items can be displayed one-after-another on a single line by separating them with commas. The following example displays the values of the variable <tt class="tt">a</tt> and the function <tt class="tt">f(a)</tt> in the middle of a text string: </p><p> <tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">f(x) = x**2</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">a=3</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print "The value of ",a," squared is ",f(a),"."</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">The value of 3 squared is 9.</tt> </p><p>A similar effect is often achieved more neatly using the string substitution operator, <tt class="tt">%</tt><a name="a0000000322" id="a0000000322"></a><a name="a0000000323" id="a0000000323"></a>. The operator is preceded by a format string, in which the places where numbers and strings are to be substituted are marked by tokens such as <tt class="tt">%e</tt> and <tt class="tt">%s</tt>. The substitution operator is followed by a ()-bracketed list of the quantities which are to be substituted into the format string. This behaviour is similar to that of the Python programming language’s % operator<a href="#a0000000324" class="footnote"><sup class="footnotemark">1</sup></a>, and of the <tt class="tt">printf</tt> command in C. The following examples demonstrate the use of this operator: </p><p> <tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print "The value of %d squared is %d."%(a,f(a))</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">The value of 3 squared is 9.</tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print "The %s of f(%f) is %d."%("value",sqrt(2), <img src="images/img-0006.png" alt="$\backslash $" style="vertical-align:-5px;
width:7px;
height:18px" class="math gen" /></b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">.......> <b class="bf">f(sqrt(2)) )</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">The value of f(1.414214) is 2.</tt> </p><p>The detailed behaviour of the string substitution operator, and a full list of the substitution tokens which it accepts, are given in Section <a href="sec-stringsubop.html">6.1.1</a>. </p></div>
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<p><b>Footnotes</b></p>
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<li id="a0000000324">Unlike in Python, the brackets are obligatory; <tt class="tt">’%d’%2</tt> is <i class="it">not</i> valid in PyXPlot, and should be written as <tt class="tt">’%d’%(2)</tt>.</li>
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