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<div><h2 id="a0000000034">6.1.3 String Manipulation Functions</h2>
<p>The following functions are provided for performing simple manipulations upon strings: </p><ul class="itemize">
<li><p><tt class="tt">strcmp(s1,s2)</tt><a name="a0000000576" id="a0000000576"></a> returns zero if the strings <tt class="tt">s1</tt> and <tt class="tt">s2</tt> are the same, one if <tt class="tt">s1</tt> should be placed after <tt class="tt">s2</tt> in alphabetical sequence, minus one if <tt class="tt">s1</tt> should be placed before <tt class="tt">s2</tt> in alphabetical sequence. </p></li><li><p><tt class="tt">strlen(s)</tt><a name="a0000000577" id="a0000000577"></a> returns the integer length of the string variable <tt class="tt">s</tt>. An error is returned if <tt class="tt">s</tt> is not a string variable. </p></li><li><p><tt class="tt">strlower(s)</tt><a name="a0000000578" id="a0000000578"></a> returns a version of the string <tt class="tt">s</tt> in which all uppercase alphabetical characters are converted to lowercase characters. </p></li><li><p><tt class="tt">strrange(s,i,j)</tt><a name="a0000000579" id="a0000000579"></a> returns a slice of the string <img src="images/img-0293.png" alt="$s$" style="vertical-align:0px;
width:7px;
height:8px" class="math gen" />, containing only the <img src="images/img-0214.png" alt="$i$" style="vertical-align:0px;
width:6px;
height:12px" class="math gen" />th through until the <img src="images/img-0294.png" alt="$j$" style="vertical-align:-4px;
width:9px;
height:16px" class="math gen" />th characters of the string. If either <img src="images/img-0214.png" alt="$i$" style="vertical-align:0px;
width:6px;
height:12px" class="math gen" /> or <img src="images/img-0294.png" alt="$j$" style="vertical-align:-4px;
width:9px;
height:16px" class="math gen" /> are negative, they are counted from the end of the string; for example, <img src="images/img-0155.png" alt="$-1$" style="vertical-align:0px;
width:21px;
height:12px" class="math gen" /> refers to the last character of the string. </p></li><li><p><tt class="tt">strupper(s)</tt><a name="a0000000580" id="a0000000580"></a> returns a version of the string <tt class="tt">s</tt> in which all lowercase alphabetical characters are converted to uppercase characters. </p></li>
</ul><p>The following simple examples demonstrate the use of these functions: </p><p> <tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">x="It was the best of times, it was the worst of times"</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print strlen(x)</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">51</tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print strrange(x,0,24)</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">It was the best of times</tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print strrange(x,-25,0)</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">it was the worst of times</tt><br /><tt class="tt">pyxplot> <b class="bf">print strupper(x)</b></tt><br /><tt class="tt">IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES, IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES</tt> </p></div>
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