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><A
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>Chapter 4. Configuration of logging facilities</TD
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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="TRUSTEDEXAMPLE"
>4.5. Log file</A
></H1
><P
> <P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
>Trusted users</DT
><DD
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>TrustedUser=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>username</I
></TT
></B
>
</P
><P
> If some element in the path to the log file is
writeable by someone else than <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>root</I
></SPAN
>
or the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>effective user</I
></SPAN
>
of the process, you have to include
that user in the list of <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>trusted users</I
></SPAN
>
(unless their UIDs
are already compiled in).
</P
></DD
><DT
>Separate log files for clients</DT
><DD
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>UseSeparateLogs=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>yes/no</I
></TT
></B
>
</P
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>Only relevant on the server.</I
></SPAN
>
Use a separate log file for (reports from) each client.
The root name of these log files will be the same as the main
log file, with the client name appended.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
> </P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="LOGFILE"
>4.5.1. The log file and its integrity</A
></H2
><P
> The log file is named <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>samhain_log</TT
> by default,
and placed into
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/var/log</TT
> by default
(name and location can be configured
at compile time). If <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>samhain</SPAN
> has been
compiled with the
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>./configure --enable-xml-log</B
> option,
it will be written in XML format.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="./stylesheet-images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><B
>Note</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> If you have compiled for stealth (<A
HREF="stealthmode.html"
>Chapter 9</A
>>),
you won't see much, because if obfuscated, then both a 'normal' and an
XML logfile look, well ... obfuscated. Use
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>samhain -jL <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>/path/to/logfile</I
></TT
></B
>
to view the logfile.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
> The log file is created if it does not exist, and locked by creating
a <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>lock file</I
></SPAN
>, which has the same path as the logfile,
with a ".lock" appended. The lock file holds the PID of
the process, which allows <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>samhain</SPAN
> to recognize
and remove a stale lock if there is no process with that PID.
</P
><P
> On the log server, it is possible to use separate log files for
individual clients. This can be enabled with
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>UseSeparateLogs=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>yes/no</I
></TT
></B
>
in the Misc section of the server configuration file. No locking will
be performed for client files (only one instance of the server can
listen on the TCP port, thus there will be no concurrent access).
</P
><P
> The directory where the logfile and its lock file are located
must be writeable
only by trusted users (see <A
HREF="layout.html#DEFTRUST"
>Section 2.10.1</A
>>). This requirement
refers to the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>complete</I
></SPAN
> path, i.e. all directories
therein. By default,
only <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>root</I
></SPAN
> and the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>effective user</I
></SPAN
>
of
the process are trusted.
</P
><P
> Audit trails (sequences of messages from individual runs of
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>samhain</SPAN
>)
in the log file start with a <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>[SOF]</I
></SPAN
> marker.
Each message is followed
by a signature, that is formed by hashing the message with a key.
</P
><P
> The first key is generated at random, and sent by e-mail, encrypted with a
one-time pad as described in the previous section on e-mail.
Further keys are generated by a hash chain (i.e. the key is hashed to
generate the next key). Thus, only by knowing the initial key the
integrity of the log file can be assured.
</P
><P
> The mail with the key looks like:
</P
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> -----BEGIN MESSAGE-----
message
-----BEGIN LOGKEY-----
Key(48 chars)[timestamp]
-----BEGIN SIGNATURE-----
signature
ID TRAIL_ID:hostname
-----END MESSAGE----- </PRE
><DIV
CLASS="TIP"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="TIP"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="./stylesheet-images/tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><B
>Integrity verification</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>To verify the log file's integrity</I
></SPAN
>,
a convenience function is
provided:
</P
><P
> <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>samhain -L <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>/log/file/path</I
></TT
></B
>
</P
><P
> When encountering the start of an audit trail, you will then be asked
for the key (as sent to you by e-mail). You can then:
(i) hit <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>return</B
> to skip signature verification,
(ii) enter the key (without the appended timestamp), or
(iii) enter the path to a file that contains the key (e.g. the mail box).
</P
><P
> If you use option (iii), the path must be an absolute path (starting
with a '/', not longer than 48 chars. For each audit trail, the file
must contain a two-line block with the
<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>-----BEGIN LOGKEY-----</I
></SPAN
> line
followed by the
line (<SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>Key(48 chars)[timestamp]</I
></SPAN
>) from the mail.
Additional lines
before/after any such two-line block are ignored (in particular, if you
collect all e-mails from <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>samhain</SPAN
> in
a mailbox file, you can simply
specify the path to that mailbox file).
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="WARNING"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="WARNING"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="./stylesheet-images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><B
>CAVEATS</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> Verification will fail, if the compiled-in key of the verifying executable
is different from the one that generated the message(s)
(see <A
HREF="keypad.html"
>Section 11.2</A
>>).
</P
><P
> If you use a pre-compiled executable from some binary
distribution, be sure to read <A
HREF="keypad.html"
>Section 11.2</A
>> carefully.
</P
></TD
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