/usr/share/vim/vim74/lang/README.txt is in vim-runtime 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3.1.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
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Translated menus
----------------
The contents of each menu file is a sequence of lines with "menutrans"
commands. Read one of the existing files to get an idea of how this works.
More information in the on-line help:
:help multilang-menus
:help :menutrans
:help 'langmenu'
:help :language
The "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim" file will search for a menu translation file. This
depends on the value of the "v:lang" variable.
"menu_" . v:lang . ".vim"
When the 'menutrans' option is set, its value will be used instead of v:lang.
The file name is always lower case. It is the full name as the ":language"
command shows (the LC_MESSAGES value).
For example, to use the Big5 (Taiwan) menus on MS-Windows the $LANG will be
Chinese(Taiwan)_Taiwan.950
and use the menu translation file:
$VIMRUNTIME/lang/menu_chinese(taiwan)_taiwan.950.vim
On Unix you should set $LANG, depending on your shell:
csh/tcsh: setenv LANG "zh_TW.Big5"
sh/bash/ksh: export LANG="zh_TW.Big5"
and the menu translation file is:
$VIMRUNTIME/lang/menu_zh_tw.big5.vim
The menu translation file should set the "did_menu_trans" variable so that Vim
will not load another file.
AUTOMATIC CONVERSION
When Vim was compiled with multi-byte support, conversion between latin1 and
UTF-8 will always be possible. Other conversions depend on the iconv
library, which is not always available.
For UTF-8 menu files which only use latin1 characters, you can rely on Vim
doing the conversion. Let the UTF-8 menu file source the latin1 menu file,
and put "scriptencoding latin1" in that one.
Other conversions may not always be available (e.g., between iso-8859-# and
MS-Windows codepages), thus the converted menu file must be available.
Translated messages
-------------------
This requires doing "make install" in the "src" directory. It will compile
the portable files "src/po/*.po" into binary ".mo" files and place them in the
right directory.
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