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<page xmlns="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" xmlns:ui="http://projectmallard.org/ui/1.0/" type="topic" style="tip" id="keyboard-nav" xml:lang="ur">
<info>
<link type="guide" xref="keyboard" group="a11y"/>
<link type="guide" xref="a11y#mobility" group="keyboard"/>
<link type="seealso" xref="shell-keyboard-shortcuts"/>
<revision version="14.04" date="2014-03-07" status="review"/>
<credit type="author">
<name>Michael Hill</name>
<email>mdhillca@gmail.com</email>
</credit>
<credit type="editor">
<name>Ubuntu Documentation Team</name>
<email>ubuntu-doc@lists.ubuntu.com</email>
</credit>
<desc>Use applications and the desktop without a mouse.</desc>
</info>
<title>Keyboard navigation</title>
<p>This page details keyboard navigation for people who cannot use a mouse or
other pointing device, or who want to use a keyboard as much as possible. For
keyboard shortcuts that are useful to all users, see
<link xref="shell-keyboard-shortcuts"/> instead.</p>
<note style="tip">
<p>If you cannot use a pointing device like a mouse, you can control the
mouse pointer using the numeric keypad on your keyboard. See
<link xref="mouse-mousekeys"/> for details.</p>
</note>
<table frame="top bottom" rules="rows">
<title>Navigate user interfaces</title>
<tr>
<td><p><key>Tab</key> and <keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>Tab</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td>
<p>Move keyboard focus between different controls. <keyseq><key>Ctrl</key>
<key>Tab</key></keyseq> moves between groups of controls, such as from a sidebar
to the main content. <keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>Tab</key></keyseq> can also
break out of a control that uses <key>Tab</key> itself, such as a text area.</p>
<p>Hold down <key>Shift</key> to move focus in reverse order.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p>Arrow keys</p></td>
<td>
<p>Move selection between items in a single control, or among a set of
related controls. Use the arrow keys to focus buttons in a toolbar, select
items in a list or icon view, or select a radio button from a group.</p>
<p>In a tree view, use the left and right arrow keys to collapse and
expand items with children.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key>Arrow keys</keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>In a list or icon view, move the keyboard focus to another item
without changing which item is selected.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Shift</key>Arrow keys</keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>In a list or icon view, select all items from the currently selected
item to the newly focused item.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><key>Space</key></p></td>
<td><p>Activate a focused item such as a button, check box, or list item.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>Space</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>In a list or icon view, select or deselect the focused item without
deselecting other items.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><key>Alt</key></p></td>
<td><p>Hold down the <key>Alt</key> key to reveal <em>accelerators</em>:
underlined letters on menu items, buttons, and other controls. Press
<key>Alt</key> plus the underlined letter to activate a control, just
as if you had clicked on it.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><key>Esc</key></p></td>
<td><p>Exit a menu, popup, switcher, or dialog window.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><key>F10</key></p></td>
<td><p>Open the first menu on the menu bar of a window. Use the arrow keys
to navigate the menus.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Shift</key><key>F10</key></keyseq> or the Menu key</p></td>
<td>
<p>Pop up the context menu for the current selection, as if you had
right-clicked.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>F10</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>In the file manager, pop up the context menu for the current folder,
as if you had right-clicked on the background and not on any item.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>PageUp</key></keyseq> and
<keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key>PageDown</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>In a tabbed interface, switch to the tab to the left or right.</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table frame="top bottom" rules="rows">
<title>Navigate the desktop</title>
<include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="shell-keyboard-shortcuts.page" xpointer="alt-tab"/>
<include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="shell-keyboard-shortcuts.page" xpointer="alt-tick"/>
<include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="shell-keyboard-shortcuts.page" xpointer="ctrl-alt-updown"/>
</table>
<table frame="top bottom" rules="rows">
<title>Navigate windows</title>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>F4</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Close the current window.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key xref="windows-key">Super</key><key>↓</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Restore a maximized window to its original size.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>F7</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Move the current window. Press <keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>F7</key></keyseq>,
then use the arrow keys to move the window. Press <key>Enter</key> to finish
moving the window, or <key>Esc</key> to return it to its original place.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>F8</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Resize the current window. Press <keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>F8</key></keyseq>,
then use the arrow keys to resize the window. Press <key>Enter</key> to finish
resizing the window, or <key>Esc</key> to return it to its original size.</p></td>
</tr>
<include xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="shell-keyboard-shortcuts.page" xpointer="ctrl-alt-shift-updown"/>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key xref="windows-key">Super</key><key>↑</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p><link xref="shell-windows-maximize">Maximize</link> a window.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key xref="windows-key">Super</key><key>←</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Maximize a window vertically along the left side of the screen.
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Ctrl</key><key xref="windows-key">Super</key><key>→</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Maximize a window vertically along the right side of the screen.
</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><keyseq><key>Alt</key><key>Space</key></keyseq></p></td>
<td><p>Pop up the window menu, as if you had right-clicked on the titlebar.</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</page>
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