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1222 1223 1224 1225 | <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<th width="100%" align="center">Cairo: A Vector Graphics Library</th>
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<h2><span class="refentrytitle"><a name="cairo-text.top_of_page"></a>text</span></h2>
<p>text — Rendering text and glyphs</p>
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<a name="cairo-text.synopsis"></a><h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre class="synopsis"> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t">cairo_glyph_t</a>;
enum <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t">cairo_font_slant_t</a>;
enum <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t">cairo_font_weight_t</a>;
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t">cairo_text_cluster_t</a>;
enum <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-flags-t" title="enum cairo_text_cluster_flags_t">cairo_text_cluster_flags_t</a>;
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-select-font-face" title="cairo_select_font_face ()">cairo_select_font_face</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *family</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> slant</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> weight</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-size" title="cairo_set_font_size ()">cairo_set_font_size</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">double</span> size</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-matrix" title="cairo_set_font_matrix ()">cairo_set_font_matrix</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-matrix-t.html#cairo-matrix-t" title="cairo_matrix_t"><span class="type">cairo_matrix_t</span></a> *matrix</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-get-font-matrix" title="cairo_get_font_matrix ()">cairo_get_font_matrix</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-matrix-t.html#cairo-matrix-t" title="cairo_matrix_t"><span class="type">cairo_matrix_t</span></a> *matrix</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-options" title="cairo_set_font_options ()">cairo_set_font_options</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-options-t.html#cairo-font-options-t" title="cairo_font_options_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_options_t</span></a> *options</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-get-font-options" title="cairo_get_font_options ()">cairo_get_font_options</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-options-t.html#cairo-font-options-t" title="cairo_font_options_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_options_t</span></a> *options</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-face" title="cairo_set_font_face ()">cairo_set_font_face</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-get-font-face" title="cairo_get_font_face ()">cairo_get_font_face</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-scaled-font" title="cairo_set_scaled_font ()">cairo_set_scaled_font</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a> *scaled_font</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-get-scaled-font" title="cairo_get_scaled_font ()">cairo_get_scaled_font</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text" title="cairo_show_text ()">cairo_show_text</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()">cairo_show_glyphs</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text-glyphs" title="cairo_show_text_glyphs ()">cairo_show_text_glyphs</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> utf8_len</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> *clusters</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_clusters</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-flags-t" title="enum cairo_text_cluster_flags_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_flags_t</span></a> cluster_flags</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-extents" title="cairo_font_extents ()">cairo_font_extents</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-font-extents-t" title="cairo_font_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-extents" title="cairo_text_extents ()">cairo_text_extents</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-extents" title="cairo_glyph_extents ()">cairo_glyph_extents</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-create" title="cairo_toy_font_face_create ()">cairo_toy_font_face_create</a> (<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *family</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> slant</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> weight</code></em>);
const <span class="returnvalue">char</span> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-get-family" title="cairo_toy_font_face_get_family ()">cairo_toy_font_face_get_family</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-get-slant" title="cairo_toy_font_face_get_slant ()">cairo_toy_font_face_get_slant</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-get-weight" title="cairo_toy_font_face_get_weight ()">cairo_toy_font_face_get_weight</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-allocate" title="cairo_glyph_allocate ()">cairo_glyph_allocate</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-free" title="cairo_glyph_free ()">cairo_glyph_free</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>);
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> * <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-allocate" title="cairo_text_cluster_allocate ()">cairo_text_cluster_allocate</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_clusters</code></em>);
<span class="returnvalue">void</span> <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-free" title="cairo_text_cluster_free ()">cairo_text_cluster_free</a> (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> *clusters</code></em>);
</pre>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a name="cairo-text.description"></a><h2>Description</h2>
<p>
The functions with <span class="emphasis"><em>text</em></span> in their name form cairo's
<em class="firstterm">toy</em> text API. The toy API takes UTF-8 encoded
text and is limited in its functionality to rendering simple
left-to-right text with no advanced features. That means for example
that most complex scripts like Hebrew, Arabic, and Indic scripts are
out of question. No kerning or correct positioning of diacritical marks
either. The font selection is pretty limited too and doesn't handle the
case that the selected font does not cover the characters in the text.
This set of functions are really that, a toy text API, for testing and
demonstration purposes. Any serious application should avoid them.
</p>
<p>
The functions with <span class="emphasis"><em>glyphs</em></span> in their name form cairo's
<em class="firstterm">low-level</em> text API. The low-level API relies on
the user to convert text to a set of glyph indexes and positions. This
is a very hard problem and is best handled by external libraries, like
the pangocairo that is part of the Pango text layout and rendering library.
Pango is available from <a class="ulink" href="http://www.pango.org/" target="_top">http://www.pango.org/</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a name="cairo-text.details"></a><h2>Details</h2>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-glyph-t"></a><h3>cairo_glyph_t</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">typedef struct {
unsigned long index;
double x;
double y;
} cairo_glyph_t;
</pre>
<p>
The <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> structure holds information about a single glyph
when drawing or measuring text. A font is (in simple terms) a
collection of shapes used to draw text. A glyph is one of these
shapes. There can be multiple glyphs for a single character
(alternates to be used in different contexts, for example), or a
glyph can be a <em class="firstterm">ligature</em> of multiple
characters. Cairo doesn't expose any way of converting input text
into glyphs, so in order to use the Cairo interfaces that take
arrays of glyphs, you must directly access the appropriate
underlying font system.
</p>
<p>
Note that the offsets given by <em class="parameter"><code>x</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>y</code></em> are not cumulative. When
drawing or measuring text, each glyph is individually positioned
with respect to the overall origin
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term">unsigned <span class="type">long</span> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="cairo-glyph-t.index"></a>index</code></em>;</span></p></td>
<td>glyph index in the font. The exact interpretation of the
glyph index depends on the font technology being used.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="type">double</span> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="cairo-glyph-t.x"></a>x</code></em>;</span></p></td>
<td>the offset in the X direction between the origin used for
drawing or measuring the string and the origin of this glyph.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="type">double</span> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="cairo-glyph-t.y"></a>y</code></em>;</span></p></td>
<td>the offset in the Y direction between the origin used for
drawing or measuring the string and the origin of this glyph.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-font-slant-t"></a><h3>enum cairo_font_slant_t</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">typedef enum {
CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL,
CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_ITALIC,
CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_OBLIQUE
} cairo_font_slant_t;
</pre>
<p>
Specifies variants of a font face based on their slant.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-FONT-SLANT-NORMAL:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL</code></span></p></td>
<td>Upright font style, since 1.0
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-FONT-SLANT-ITALIC:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_ITALIC</code></span></p></td>
<td>Italic font style, since 1.0
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-FONT-SLANT-OBLIQUE:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_OBLIQUE</code></span></p></td>
<td>Oblique font style, since 1.0
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-font-weight-t"></a><h3>enum cairo_font_weight_t</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">typedef enum {
CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL,
CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD
} cairo_font_weight_t;
</pre>
<p>
Specifies variants of a font face based on their weight.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-FONT-WEIGHT-NORMAL:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL</code></span></p></td>
<td>Normal font weight, since 1.0
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-FONT-WEIGHT-BOLD:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD</code></span></p></td>
<td>Bold font weight, since 1.0
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-text-cluster-t"></a><h3>cairo_text_cluster_t</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">typedef struct {
int num_bytes;
int num_glyphs;
} cairo_text_cluster_t;
</pre>
<p>
The <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> structure holds information about a single
<em class="firstterm">text cluster</em>. A text cluster is a minimal
mapping of some glyphs corresponding to some UTF-8 text.
</p>
<p>
For a cluster to be valid, both <em class="parameter"><code>num_bytes</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> should
be non-negative, and at least one should be non-zero.
Note that clusters with zero glyphs are not as well supported as
normal clusters. For example, PDF rendering applications typically
ignore those clusters when PDF text is being selected.
</p>
<p>
See <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text-glyphs" title="cairo_show_text_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_text_glyphs()</code></a> for how clusters are used in advanced
text operations.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="type">int</span> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="cairo-text-cluster-t.num-bytes"></a>num_bytes</code></em>;</span></p></td>
<td>the number of bytes of UTF-8 text covered by cluster</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="type">int</span> <em class="structfield"><code><a name="cairo-text-cluster-t.num-glyphs"></a>num_glyphs</code></em>;</span></p></td>
<td>the number of glyphs covered by cluster</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-text-cluster-flags-t"></a><h3>enum cairo_text_cluster_flags_t</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">typedef enum {
CAIRO_TEXT_CLUSTER_FLAG_BACKWARD = 0x00000001
} cairo_text_cluster_flags_t;
</pre>
<p>
Specifies properties of a text cluster mapping.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody><tr>
<td><p><a name="CAIRO-TEXT-CLUSTER-FLAG-BACKWARD:CAPS"></a><span class="term"><code class="literal">CAIRO_TEXT_CLUSTER_FLAG_BACKWARD</code></span></p></td>
<td>The clusters in the cluster array
map to glyphs in the glyph array from end to start. (Since 1.8)
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-select-font-face"></a><h3>cairo_select_font_face ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_select_font_face (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *family</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> slant</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> weight</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Note: The <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-select-font-face" title="cairo_select_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_select_font_face()</code></a> function call is part of what
the cairo designers call the "toy" text API. It is convenient for
short demos and simple programs, but it is not expected to be
adequate for serious text-using applications.
</p>
<p>
Selects a family and style of font from a simplified description as
a family name, slant and weight. Cairo provides no operation to
list available family names on the system (this is a "toy",
remember), but the standard CSS2 generic family names, ("serif",
"sans-serif", "cursive", "fantasy", "monospace"), are likely to
work as expected.
</p>
<p>
If <em class="parameter"><code>family</code></em> starts with the string "<em class="parameter"><code>cairo</code></em>:", or if no native font
backends are compiled in, cairo will use an internal font family.
The internal font family recognizes many modifiers in the <em class="parameter"><code>family</code></em>
string, most notably, it recognizes the string "monospace". That is,
the family name "<em class="parameter"><code>cairo</code></em>:monospace" will use the monospace version of
the internal font family.
</p>
<p>
For "real" font selection, see the font-backend-specific
font_face_create functions for the font backend you are using. (For
example, if you are using the freetype-based cairo-ft font backend,
see <a class="link" href="cairo-FreeType-Fonts.html#cairo-ft-font-face-create-for-ft-face" title="cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_ft_face()</code></a> or
<a class="link" href="cairo-FreeType-Fonts.html#cairo-ft-font-face-create-for-pattern" title="cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern ()"><code class="function">cairo_ft_font_face_create_for_pattern()</code></a>.) The resulting font face
could then be used with <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-create" title="cairo_scaled_font_create ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_create()</code></a> and
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-scaled-font" title="cairo_set_scaled_font ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_scaled_font()</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
Similarly, when using the "real" font support, you can call
directly into the underlying font system, (such as fontconfig or
freetype), for operations such as listing available fonts, etc.
</p>
<p>
It is expected that most applications will need to use a more
comprehensive font handling and text layout library, (for example,
pango), in conjunction with cairo.
</p>
<p>
If text is drawn without a call to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-select-font-face" title="cairo_select_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_select_font_face()</code></a>, (nor
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-face" title="cairo_set_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_face()</code></a> nor <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-scaled-font" title="cairo_set_scaled_font ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_scaled_font()</code></a>), the default
family is platform-specific, but is essentially "sans-serif".
Default slant is <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#CAIRO-FONT-SLANT-NORMAL:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_SLANT_NORMAL</code></a>, and default weight is
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#CAIRO-FONT-WEIGHT-NORMAL:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_FONT_WEIGHT_NORMAL</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
This function is equivalent to a call to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-create" title="cairo_toy_font_face_create ()"><code class="function">cairo_toy_font_face_create()</code></a>
followed by <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-face" title="cairo_set_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_face()</code></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>family</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a font family name, encoded in UTF-8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>slant</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the slant for the font</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>weight</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the weight for the font</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-set-font-size"></a><h3>cairo_set_font_size ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_set_font_size (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">double</span> size</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Sets the current font matrix to a scale by a factor of <em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em>, replacing
any font matrix previously set with <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-size" title="cairo_set_font_size ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_size()</code></a> or
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-matrix" title="cairo_set_font_matrix ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_matrix()</code></a>. This results in a font size of <em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> user space
units. (More precisely, this matrix will result in the font's
em-square being a <em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> by <em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> square in user space.)
</p>
<p>
If text is drawn without a call to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-size" title="cairo_set_font_size ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_size()</code></a>, (nor
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-matrix" title="cairo_set_font_matrix ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_matrix()</code></a> nor <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-scaled-font" title="cairo_set_scaled_font ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_scaled_font()</code></a>), the default
font size is 10.0.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>size</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the new font size, in user space units</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-set-font-matrix"></a><h3>cairo_set_font_matrix ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_set_font_matrix (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-matrix-t.html#cairo-matrix-t" title="cairo_matrix_t"><span class="type">cairo_matrix_t</span></a> *matrix</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Sets the current font matrix to <em class="parameter"><code>matrix</code></em>. The font matrix gives a
transformation from the design space of the font (in this space,
the em-square is 1 unit by 1 unit) to user space. Normally, a
simple scale is used (see <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-size" title="cairo_set_font_size ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_size()</code></a>), but a more
complex font matrix can be used to shear the font
or stretch it unequally along the two axes
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>matrix</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-matrix-t.html#cairo-matrix-t" title="cairo_matrix_t"><span class="type">cairo_matrix_t</span></a> describing a transform to be applied to
the current font.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-get-font-matrix"></a><h3>cairo_get_font_matrix ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_get_font_matrix (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-matrix-t.html#cairo-matrix-t" title="cairo_matrix_t"><span class="type">cairo_matrix_t</span></a> *matrix</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Stores the current font matrix into <em class="parameter"><code>matrix</code></em>. See
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-matrix" title="cairo_set_font_matrix ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_matrix()</code></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>matrix</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>return value for the matrix</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-set-font-options"></a><h3>cairo_set_font_options ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_set_font_options (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-options-t.html#cairo-font-options-t" title="cairo_font_options_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_options_t</span></a> *options</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Sets a set of custom font rendering options for the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>.
Rendering options are derived by merging these options with the
options derived from underlying surface; if the value in <em class="parameter"><code>options</code></em>
has a default value (like <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#CAIRO-ANTIALIAS-DEFAULT:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT</code></a>), then the value
from the surface is used.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>options</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>font options to use</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-get-font-options"></a><h3>cairo_get_font_options ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_get_font_options (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-options-t.html#cairo-font-options-t" title="cairo_font_options_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_options_t</span></a> *options</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Retrieves font rendering options set via <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-options" title="cairo_set_font_options ()"><span class="type">cairo_set_font_options</span></a>.
Note that the returned options do not include any options derived
from the underlying surface; they are literally the options
passed to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-options" title="cairo_set_font_options ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_options()</code></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>options</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-options-t.html#cairo-font-options-t" title="cairo_font_options_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_options_t</span></a> object into which to store
the retrieved options. All existing values are overwritten</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-set-font-face"></a><h3>cairo_set_font_face ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_set_font_face (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Replaces the current <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> object in the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> with
<em class="parameter"><code>font_face</code></em>. The replaced font face in the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> will be
destroyed if there are no other references to it.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>font_face</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a>, or <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> to restore to the default font</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-get-font-face"></a><h3>cairo_get_font_face ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> * cairo_get_font_face (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the current font face for a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>the current font face. This object is owned by
cairo. To keep a reference to it, you must call
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-reference" title="cairo_font_face_reference ()"><code class="function">cairo_font_face_reference()</code></a>.
This function never returns <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>. If memory cannot be allocated, a
special "nil" <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> object will be returned on which
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-status" title="cairo_font_face_status ()"><code class="function">cairo_font_face_status()</code></a> returns <a class="link" href="cairo-Error-handling.html#CAIRO-STATUS-NO-MEMORY:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY</code></a>. Using
this nil object will cause its error state to propagate to other
objects it is passed to, (for example, calling
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-font-face" title="cairo_set_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_font_face()</code></a> with a nil font will trigger an error that
will shutdown the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> object).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-set-scaled-font"></a><h3>cairo_set_scaled_font ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_set_scaled_font (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a> *scaled_font</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Replaces the current font face, font matrix, and font options in
the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> with those of the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a>. Except for
some translation, the current CTM of the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> should be the
same as that of the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a>, which can be accessed
using <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-get-ctm" title="cairo_scaled_font_get_ctm ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_get_ctm()</code></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>scaled_font</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.2</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-get-scaled-font"></a><h3>cairo_get_scaled_font ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a> * cairo_get_scaled_font (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the current scaled font for a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>the current scaled font. This object is owned by
cairo. To keep a reference to it, you must call
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-reference" title="cairo_scaled_font_reference ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_reference()</code></a>.
This function never returns <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>. If memory cannot be allocated, a
special "nil" <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a> object will be returned on which
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-status" title="cairo_scaled_font_status ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_status()</code></a> returns <a class="link" href="cairo-Error-handling.html#CAIRO-STATUS-NO-MEMORY:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_STATUS_NO_MEMORY</code></a>. Using
this nil object will cause its error state to propagate to other
objects it is passed to, (for example, calling
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-set-scaled-font" title="cairo_set_scaled_font ()"><code class="function">cairo_set_scaled_font()</code></a> with a nil font will trigger an error that
will shutdown the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> object).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.4</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-show-text"></a><h3>cairo_show_text ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_show_text (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
A drawing operator that generates the shape from a string of UTF-8
characters, rendered according to the current font_face, font_size
(font_matrix), and font_options.
</p>
<p>
This function first computes a set of glyphs for the string of
text. The first glyph is placed so that its origin is at the
current point. The origin of each subsequent glyph is offset from
that of the previous glyph by the advance values of the previous
glyph.
</p>
<p>
After this call the current point is moved to the origin of where
the next glyph would be placed in this same progression. That is,
the current point will be at the origin of the final glyph offset
by its advance values. This allows for easy display of a single
logical string with multiple calls to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text" title="cairo_show_text ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_text()</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
Note: The <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text" title="cairo_show_text ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_text()</code></a> function call is part of what the cairo
designers call the "toy" text API. It is convenient for short demos
and simple programs, but it is not expected to be adequate for
serious text-using applications. See <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_glyphs()</code></a> for the
"real" text display API in cairo.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a cairo context</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a NUL-terminated string of text encoded in UTF-8, or <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-show-glyphs"></a><h3>cairo_show_glyphs ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_show_glyphs (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
A drawing operator that generates the shape from an array of glyphs,
rendered according to the current font face, font size
(font matrix), and font options.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a cairo context</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>array of glyphs to show</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>number of glyphs to show</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-show-text-glyphs"></a><h3>cairo_show_text_glyphs ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_show_text_glyphs (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> utf8_len</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> *clusters</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_clusters</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-flags-t" title="enum cairo_text_cluster_flags_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_flags_t</span></a> cluster_flags</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
This operation has rendering effects similar to <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_glyphs()</code></a>
but, if the target surface supports it, uses the provided text and
cluster mapping to embed the text for the glyphs shown in the output.
If the target does not support the extended attributes, this function
acts like the basic <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_glyphs()</code></a> as if it had been passed
<em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em>.
</p>
<p>
The mapping between <em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> is provided by an array of
<em class="firstterm">clusters</em>. Each cluster covers a number of
text bytes and glyphs, and neighboring clusters cover neighboring
areas of <em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> and <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em>. The clusters should collectively cover <em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em>
and <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> in entirety.
</p>
<p>
The first cluster always covers bytes from the beginning of <em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em>.
If <em class="parameter"><code>cluster_flags</code></em> do not have the <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#CAIRO-TEXT-CLUSTER-FLAG-BACKWARD:CAPS"><code class="literal">CAIRO_TEXT_CLUSTER_FLAG_BACKWARD</code></a>
set, the first cluster also covers the beginning
of <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em>, otherwise it covers the end of the <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> array and
following clusters move backward.
</p>
<p>
See <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> for constraints on valid clusters.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a cairo context</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a string of text encoded in UTF-8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>utf8_len</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>length of <em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> in bytes, or -1 if it is NUL-terminated</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>array of glyphs to show</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>number of glyphs to show</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>clusters</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>array of cluster mapping information</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_clusters</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>number of clusters in the mapping</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cluster_flags</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>cluster mapping flags</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-font-extents"></a><h3>cairo_font_extents ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_font_extents (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-font-extents-t" title="cairo_font_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the font extents for the currently selected font.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>extents</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-font-extents-t" title="cairo_font_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_extents_t</span></a> object into which the results
will be stored.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-text-extents"></a><h3>cairo_text_extents ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_text_extents (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *utf8</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the extents for a string of text. The extents describe a
user-space rectangle that encloses the "inked" portion of the text,
(as it would be drawn by <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text" title="cairo_show_text ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_text()</code></a>). Additionally, the
x_advance and y_advance values indicate the amount by which the
current point would be advanced by <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-text" title="cairo_show_text ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_text()</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
Note that whitespace characters do not directly contribute to the
size of the rectangle (extents.width and extents.height). They do
contribute indirectly by changing the position of non-whitespace
characters. In particular, trailing whitespace characters are
likely to not affect the size of the rectangle, though they will
affect the x_advance and y_advance values.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>utf8</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a NUL-terminated string of text encoded in UTF-8, or <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>extents</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> object into which the results
will be stored</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-glyph-extents"></a><h3>cairo_glyph_extents ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_glyph_extents (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> *cr</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code>const <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> *extents</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the extents for an array of glyphs. The extents describe a
user-space rectangle that encloses the "inked" portion of the
glyphs, (as they would be drawn by <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_glyphs()</code></a>).
Additionally, the x_advance and y_advance values indicate the
amount by which the current point would be advanced by
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-show-glyphs" title="cairo_show_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_show_glyphs()</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
Note that whitespace glyphs do not contribute to the size of the
rectangle (extents.width and extents.height).
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>cr</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>an array of <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> objects</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the number of elements in <em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>extents</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-text-extents-t" title="cairo_text_extents_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_extents_t</span></a> object into which the results
will be stored</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.0</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-toy-font-face-create"></a><h3>cairo_toy_font_face_create ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> * cairo_toy_font_face_create (<em class="parameter"><code>const <span class="type">char</span> *family</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> slant</code></em>,
<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> weight</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Creates a font face from a triplet of family, slant, and weight.
These font faces are used in implementation of the the <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-t.html#cairo-t" title="cairo_t"><span class="type">cairo_t</span></a> "toy"
font API.
</p>
<p>
If <em class="parameter"><code>family</code></em> is the zero-length string "", the platform-specific default
family is assumed. The default family then can be queried using
<a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-toy-font-face-get-family" title="cairo_toy_font_face_get_family ()"><code class="function">cairo_toy_font_face_get_family()</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
The <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-select-font-face" title="cairo_select_font_face ()"><code class="function">cairo_select_font_face()</code></a> function uses this to create font faces.
See that function for limitations and other details of toy font faces.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>family</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>a font family name, encoded in UTF-8</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>slant</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the slant for the font</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>weight</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>the weight for the font</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>a newly created <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a>. Free with
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-destroy" title="cairo_font_face_destroy ()"><code class="function">cairo_font_face_destroy()</code></a> when you are done using it.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-toy-font-face-get-family"></a><h3>cairo_toy_font_face_get_family ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting">const <span class="returnvalue">char</span> * cairo_toy_font_face_get_family (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the familly name of a toy font.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>font_face</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>A toy font face</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>The family name. This string is owned by the font face
and remains valid as long as the font face is alive (referenced).</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-toy-font-face-get-slant"></a><h3>cairo_toy_font_face_get_slant ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-slant-t" title="enum cairo_font_slant_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_slant_t</span></a> cairo_toy_font_face_get_slant (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the slant a toy font.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>font_face</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>A toy font face</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>The slant value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-toy-font-face-get-weight"></a><h3>cairo_toy_font_face_get_weight ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-font-weight-t" title="enum cairo_font_weight_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_font_weight_t</span></a> cairo_toy_font_face_get_weight (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a> *font_face</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Gets the weight a toy font.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>font_face</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>A toy font face</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>The weight value</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-glyph-allocate"></a><h3>cairo_glyph_allocate ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> * cairo_glyph_allocate (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_glyphs</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Allocates an array of <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a>'s.
This function is only useful in implementations of
<a class="link" href="cairo-User-Fonts.html#cairo-user-scaled-font-text-to-glyphs-func-t" title="cairo_user_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs_func_t ()"><span class="type">cairo_user_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs_func_t</span></a> where the user
needs to allocate an array of glyphs that cairo will free.
For all other uses, user can use their own allocation method
for glyphs.
</p>
<p>
This function returns <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> if <em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> is not positive,
or if out of memory. That means, the <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> return value
signals out-of-memory only if <em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> was positive.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>number of glyphs to allocate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>the newly allocated array of glyphs that should be
freed using <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-free" title="cairo_glyph_free ()"><code class="function">cairo_glyph_free()</code></a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-glyph-free"></a><h3>cairo_glyph_free ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_glyph_free (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a> *glyphs</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Frees an array of <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-t" title="cairo_glyph_t"><span class="type">cairo_glyph_t</span></a>'s allocated using <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-glyph-allocate" title="cairo_glyph_allocate ()"><code class="function">cairo_glyph_allocate()</code></a>.
This function is only useful to free glyph array returned
by <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-text-to-glyphs" title="cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs()</code></a> where cairo returns
an array of glyphs that the user will free.
For all other uses, user can use their own allocation method
for glyphs.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody><tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>glyphs</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>array of glyphs to free, or <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-text-cluster-allocate"></a><h3>cairo_text_cluster_allocate ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="returnvalue">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> * cairo_text_cluster_allocate (<em class="parameter"><code><span class="type">int</span> num_clusters</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Allocates an array of <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a>'s.
This function is only useful in implementations of
<a class="link" href="cairo-User-Fonts.html#cairo-user-scaled-font-text-to-glyphs-func-t" title="cairo_user_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs_func_t ()"><span class="type">cairo_user_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs_func_t</span></a> where the user
needs to allocate an array of text clusters that cairo will free.
For all other uses, user can use their own allocation method
for text clusters.
</p>
<p>
This function returns <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> if <em class="parameter"><code>num_clusters</code></em> is not positive,
or if out of memory. That means, the <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a> return value
signals out-of-memory only if <em class="parameter"><code>num_clusters</code></em> was positive.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>num_clusters</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>number of text_clusters to allocate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><span class="emphasis"><em>Returns</em></span> :</span></p></td>
<td>the newly allocated array of text clusters that should be
freed using <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-free" title="cairo_text_cluster_free ()"><code class="function">cairo_text_cluster_free()</code></a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="cairo-text-cluster-free"></a><h3>cairo_text_cluster_free ()</h3>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="returnvalue">void</span> cairo_text_cluster_free (<em class="parameter"><code><a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-t" title="cairo_text_cluster_t"><span class="type">cairo_text_cluster_t</span></a> *clusters</code></em>);</pre>
<p>
Frees an array of <span class="type">cairo_text_cluster</span>'s allocated using <a class="link" href="cairo-text.html#cairo-text-cluster-allocate" title="cairo_text_cluster_allocate ()"><code class="function">cairo_text_cluster_allocate()</code></a>.
This function is only useful to free text cluster array returned
by <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-text-to-glyphs" title="cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs ()"><code class="function">cairo_scaled_font_text_to_glyphs()</code></a> where cairo returns
an array of text clusters that the user will free.
For all other uses, user can use their own allocation method
for text clusters.
</p>
<div class="variablelist"><table border="0" class="variablelist">
<colgroup>
<col align="left" valign="top">
<col>
</colgroup>
<tbody><tr>
<td><p><span class="term"><em class="parameter"><code>clusters</code></em> :</span></p></td>
<td>array of text clusters to free, or <a href="http://library.gnome.org/devel/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS"><code class="literal">NULL</code></a>
</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table></div>
<p class="since">Since 1.8</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a name="cairo-text.see-also"></a><h2>See Also</h2>
<a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-font-face-t.html#cairo-font-face-t" title="cairo_font_face_t"><span class="type">cairo_font_face_t</span></a>, <a class="link" href="cairo-cairo-scaled-font-t.html#cairo-scaled-font-t" title="cairo_scaled_font_t"><span class="type">cairo_scaled_font_t</span></a>, <a class="link" href="cairo-Paths.html#cairo-text-path" title="cairo_text_path ()"><code class="function">cairo_text_path()</code></a>,
<a class="link" href="cairo-Paths.html#cairo-glyph-path" title="cairo_glyph_path ()"><code class="function">cairo_glyph_path()</code></a>
</div>
</div>
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