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/lib/firmware/carl9170fw/carlfw/src/main.c is in linux-firmware 1.127.

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/*
 * carl9170 firmware - used by the ar9170 wireless device
 *
 * initialization and main() loop
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2005 ZyDAS Technology Corporation
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Atheros Communications, Inc.
 * Copyright	2009	Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
 * Copyright 2009-2011	Christian Lamparter <chunkeey@googlemail.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include "carl9170.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "hostif.h"
#include "printf.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "wl.h"
#include "rf.h"
#include "usb.h"

#define AR9170_WATCH_DOG_TIMER		   0x100

static void timer_init(const unsigned int timer, const unsigned int interval)
{
	/* Set timer to periodic mode */
	orl(AR9170_TIMER_REG_CONTROL, BIT(timer));

	/* Set time interval */
	set(AR9170_TIMER_REG_TIMER0 + (timer << 2), interval - 1);

	/* Clear timer interrupt flag */
	orl(AR9170_TIMER_REG_INTERRUPT, BIT(timer));
}

void clock_set(enum cpu_clock_t clock_, bool on)
{
	/*
	 * Word of Warning!
	 * This setting does more than just mess with the CPU Clock.
	 * So watch out, if you need _stable_ timer interrupts.
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_RADIO_FUNCTIONS
	if (fw.phy.frequency < 3000000)
		set(AR9170_PWR_REG_PLL_ADDAC, 0x5163);
	else
		set(AR9170_PWR_REG_PLL_ADDAC, 0x5143);
#else
	set(AR9170_PWR_REG_PLL_ADDAC, 0x5163);
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_RADIO_FUNCTIONS */

	fw.ticks_per_usec = GET_VAL(AR9170_PWR_PLL_ADDAC_DIV,
		get(AR9170_PWR_REG_PLL_ADDAC));

	set(AR9170_PWR_REG_CLOCK_SEL, (uint32_t) ((on ? 0x70 : 0x600) | clock_));

	switch (clock_) {
	case AHB_20_22MHZ:
		fw.ticks_per_usec >>= 1;
	case AHB_40MHZ_OSC:
	case AHB_40_44MHZ:
		fw.ticks_per_usec >>= 1;
	case AHB_80_88MHZ:
		break;
	}
}

static void init(void)
{
	led_init();

#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG_UART
	uart_init();
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG_UART */

	/* 25/50/100ms timer (depends on cpu clock) */
	timer_init(0, 50000);

	/* USB init */
	usb_init();

	/* initialize DMA memory */
	memset(&dma_mem, 0, sizeof(dma_mem));

	/* fill DMA rings */
	dma_init_descriptors();

	/* clear all interrupt */
	set(AR9170_MAC_REG_INT_CTRL, 0xffff);

	orl(AR9170_MAC_REG_AFTER_PNP, 1);

	/* Init watch dog control flag */
	fw.watchdog_enable = 1;

	set(AR9170_TIMER_REG_WATCH_DOG, AR9170_WATCH_DOG_TIMER);

#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_GPIO_INTERRUPT
	fw.cached_gpio_state.gpio = get(AR9170_GPIO_REG_PORT_DATA) &
				    CARL9170_GPIO_MASK;
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_GPIO_INTERRUPT */

	/* this will get the downqueue moving. */
	down_trigger();
}

static void handle_fw(void)
{
	if (fw.watchdog_enable == 1)
		set(AR9170_TIMER_REG_WATCH_DOG, AR9170_WATCH_DOG_TIMER);

	if (fw.reboot)
		reboot();
}

static void timer0_isr(void)
{
	wlan_timer();

#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_GPIO_INTERRUPT
	gpio_timer();
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_GPIO_INTERRUPT */

#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG_LED_HEARTBEAT
	set(AR9170_GPIO_REG_PORT_DATA, get(AR9170_GPIO_REG_PORT_DATA) ^ 1);
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG_LED_HEARTBEAT */
}

static void handle_timer(void)
{
	uint32_t intr;

	intr = get(AR9170_TIMER_REG_INTERRUPT);

	/* ACK timer interrupt */
	set(AR9170_TIMER_REG_INTERRUPT, intr);

#define HANDLER(intr, flag, func)			\
	do {						\
		if ((intr & flag) != 0) {		\
			intr &= ~flag;			\
			func();				\
		}					\
	} while (0)

	HANDLER(intr, BIT(0), timer0_isr);

	if (intr)
		DBG("Unhandled Timer Event %x", (unsigned int) intr);

#undef HANDLER
}

static void tally_update(void)
{
	unsigned int boff, time, delta;

	time = get_clock_counter();
	if (fw.phy.state == CARL9170_PHY_ON) {
		delta = (time - fw.tally_clock);

		fw.tally.active += delta;

		boff = get(AR9170_MAC_REG_BACKOFF_STATUS);
		if (boff & AR9170_MAC_BACKOFF_TX_PE)
			fw.tally.tx_time += delta;
		if (boff & AR9170_MAC_BACKOFF_CCA)
			fw.tally.cca += delta;
	}

	fw.tally_clock = time;
	fw.counter++;
}

static void __noreturn main_loop(void)
{
	/* main loop */
	while (1) {
		handle_fw();

		/*
		 * Due to frame order persevation, the wlan subroutines
		 * must be executed before handle_host_interface.
		 */
		handle_wlan();

		handle_host_interface();

		handle_usb();

		handle_timer();

		tally_update();
	}
}

/*
 * The bootcode will work with the device driver to load the firmware
 * onto the device's Program SRAM. The Program SRAM has a size of 16 KB
 * and also contains the stack, which grows down from 0x204000.
 *
 * The Program SRAM starts at address 0x200000 on the device.
 * The firmware entry point (0x200004) is located in boot.S.
 * we put _start() there with the linker script carl9170.lds.
 */

void __section(boot) start(void)
{
	clock_set(AHB_40MHZ_OSC, true);

	/* watchdog magic pattern check */
	if ((get(AR9170_PWR_REG_WATCH_DOG_MAGIC) & 0xffff0000) == 0x12340000) {
		/* watch dog warm start */
		incl(AR9170_PWR_REG_WATCH_DOG_MAGIC);
		usb_trigger_out();
	} else if ((get(AR9170_PWR_REG_WATCH_DOG_MAGIC) & 0xffff0000) == 0x98760000) {
		/* suspend/resume */
	}

	/* write the magic pattern for watch dog */
	andl(AR9170_PWR_REG_WATCH_DOG_MAGIC, 0xFFFF);
	orl(AR9170_PWR_REG_WATCH_DOG_MAGIC, 0x12340000);

	init();

#ifdef CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG

	BUG("TEST BUG");
	BUG_ON(0x2b || !0x2b);
	INFO("INFO MESSAGE");

	/* a set of unique characters to detect transfer data corruptions */
	DBG("AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz"
	    " ~`!1@2#3$4%%5^6&7*8(9)0_-+={[}]|\\:;\"'<,>.?/");
#endif /* CONFIG_CARL9170FW_DEBUG */

	/*
	 * Tell the host, that the firmware has booted and is
	 * now ready to process requests.
	 */
	send_cmd_to_host(0, CARL9170_RSP_BOOT, 0x00, NULL);
	main_loop();
}