/usr/share/perl5/Authen/Passphrase/DESCrypt.pm is in libauthen-passphrase-perl 0.008-1.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 | =head1 NAME
Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt - passphrases using the DES-based Unix
crypt()
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt;
$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
salt_base64 => "my",
hash_base64 => "TYK.j.88/9s");
$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
salt_random => 12,
passphrase => "passphrase");
$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt
->from_crypt('myTYK.j.88/9s');
$ppr = Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(
fold => 1,
initial => "xyzzy!!!",
nrounds => 500,
salt_base64 => "quux",
hash_base64 => "QCKcHlgVsRY");
$fold = $ppr->fold;
$initial = $ppr->initial;
$initial_base64 = $ppr->initial_base64;
$nrounds = $ppr->nrounds;
$nrounds_base64 = $ppr->nrounds_base64_4;
$salt = $ppr->salt;
$salt_base64 = $ppr->salt_base64_2;
$salt_base64 = $ppr->salt_base64_4;
$hash = $ppr->hash;
$hash_base64 = $ppr->hash_base64;
if($ppr->match($passphrase)) { ...
$passwd = $ppr->as_crypt;
$userPassword = $ppr->as_rfc2307;
=head1 DESCRIPTION
An object of this class encapsulates a passphrase hashed using some
form of the DES-based Unix crypt() hash function. This is a subclass
of L<Authen::Passphrase>, and this document assumes that the reader is
familiar with the documentation for that class.
The crypt() function in a modern Unix actually supports several different
passphrase schemes. That is not what this class is about. This class
is concerned only with one family of schemes, variants of the DES-based
scheme that crypt() originally implemented, which confusingly is usually
referred to merely as "crypt()". To handle the whole range of passphrase
schemes supported by the modern crypt(), see the
L<from_crypt|Authen::Passphrase/from_crypt> constructor and the
L<as_crypt|Authen::Passphrase/as_crypt> method in L<Authen::Passphrase>.
I<Warning:> this password scheme is weak by modern standards, and in
any case does not support a large password space. Cracking crypt()ed
passwords has been a routine activity since the early 1990s. This scheme
is supported for compatibility reasons only, and should not be used
except when compatibility is required. Do not use this in the design of
any new system or for new passwords in any system that supports better
passphrase schemes.
=head2 The traditional DES-based Unix crypt() password scheme
The traditional Unix crypt() password scheme is based on the DES block
encryption algorithm. Using the password as a 56-bit key, it passes a
64-bit data block, initialised to zero, through the encryption function
25 times, and the hash is the 64-bit output of this process. A 12-bit
salt is used to tweak the encryption algorithm.
The 56-bit key is extracted from the password in a very poor way.
Only the first eight bytes of the password are used, and any remainder
is ignored. This makes it impossible to use a passphrase, rather than
a password, hence the terminology in this section. Of the eight bytes
used, the top bit is also ignored; this function hails from the days of
pure ASCII.
A password hash of this scheme is conventionally represented in ASCII as
a 13-character string using a base 64 encoding. The base 64 digits are
"B<.>", "B</>", "B<0>" to "B<9>", "B<A>" to "B<Z>", "B<a>" to "B<z>"
(in ASCII order). The first two characters give the 12-bit salt.
The remaining eleven characters give the 64-bit hash. Because the base
64 encoding can represent 66 bits in eleven digits, more than the 64
required, the last character of the string can only take sixteen of the
base 64 digit values.
=head2 Variant DES-based Unix crypt() passphrase schemes
To make password cracking more difficult, historically some Unix sites
modified the crypt() function to be incompatible with the standard one.
This was easily achieved by initialising the data block to something
other than the standard all-bits-zero. Another variation used was to
increase the number of encryption rounds, which makes cracking take
longer in addition to being non-standard. Password hashes on such a
system looked normal but were not interoperable with standard crypt()
implementations. To interpret them properly it is necessary to know
the modified parameters.
BSDi standardised an extended DES-based scheme. The salt is extended to
24 bits, and the number of encryption rounds is variable. Passphrases
longer than 8 characters are handled by an additional step that folds
(hashes) them down to 8 characters, rather than just throwing away
the characters after the eighth. Passphrase hashes in this scheme
are conventionally represented in ASCII as a "B<_>" followed by 19
characters of base 64. The first four base 64 digits give the number
of encryption rounds, the next four give the salt, and the remaining
eleven give the hash.
=cut
package Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt;
{ use 5.006; }
use warnings;
use strict;
use Authen::Passphrase 0.003;
use Carp qw(croak);
use Crypt::UnixCrypt_XS 0.08 qw(
fold_password crypt_rounds
base64_to_block block_to_base64
base64_to_int24 int24_to_base64
base64_to_int12 int12_to_base64
);
use Data::Entropy::Algorithms 0.000 qw(rand_int);
our $VERSION = "0.008";
use parent "Authen::Passphrase";
=head1 CONSTRUCTORS
=over
=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->new(ATTR => VALUE, ...)
Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the generalised
DES-based crypt() algorithm. The following attributes may be given:
=over
=item B<fold>
Truth value indicating whether the BSDi passphrase folding scheme should be
used for long passphrases. Default false, for compatibility with the
original DES-based scheme.
=item B<initial>
The initial data block to encrypt, as a string of exactly eight bytes.
Default all bits zero, for compatibility with the original DES-based
scheme.
=item B<initial_base64>
The initial data block to encrypt, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.
=item B<nrounds>
The number of encryption rounds to use, as a Perl integer. Default 25,
for compatibility with the original DES-based scheme.
=item B<nrounds_base64>
The number of encryption rounds to use, as a string of four base 64
digits.
=item B<salt>
The salt, as an integer in the range [0, 16777216).
=item B<salt_base64>
The salt, as a string of two or four base 64 digits.
=item B<salt_random>
Causes salt to be generated randomly. The value given for this attribute
must be either 12 or 24, giving the number of bits of salt to generate.
The source of randomness may be controlled by the facility described
in L<Data::Entropy>.
=item B<hash>
The hash (output of encryption), as a string of exactly eight bytes.
=item B<hash_base64>
The hash, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.
=item B<passphrase>
A passphrase that will be accepted.
=back
The salt must be given, and either the hash or the passphrase. The other
parameters default to those used in the original DES-based crypt().
=cut
sub new {
my $class = shift;
my $self = bless({}, $class);
my $passphrase;
while(@_) {
my $attr = shift;
my $value = shift;
if($attr eq "fold") {
croak "foldness specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{fold};
$self->{fold} = !!$value;
} elsif($attr eq "initial") {
croak "initial block specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{initial};
$value =~ m#\A[\x00-\xff]{8}\z#
or croak "not a valid raw block";
$self->{initial} = "$value";
} elsif($attr eq "initial_base64") {
croak "initial block specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{initial};
$value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{10}[.26AEIMQUYcgkosw]\z#
or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid ".
"encoded block";
$self->{initial} = base64_to_block($value);
} elsif($attr eq "nrounds") {
croak "number of rounds specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{nrounds};
croak "\"$value\" is not a valid number of rounds"
unless $value == int($value) && $value >= 0;
$self->{nrounds} = 0+$value;
} elsif($attr eq "nrounds_base64") {
croak "number of rounds specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{nrounds};
croak "\"$value\" is not a valid number of rounds"
unless $value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{4}\z#;
$self->{nrounds} = base64_to_int24($value);
} elsif($attr eq "salt") {
croak "salt specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{salt};
croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt"
unless $value == int($value) &&
$value >= 0 && $value < 16777216;
$self->{salt} = 0+$value;
} elsif($attr eq "salt_base64") {
croak "salt specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{salt};
$value =~ m#\A(?:[./0-9A-Za-z]{2}|[./0-9A-Za-z]{4})\z#
or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt";
$self->{salt} = length($value) == 2 ?
base64_to_int12($value) :
base64_to_int24($value);
} elsif($attr eq "salt_random") {
croak "salt specified redundantly"
if exists $self->{salt};
croak "\"$value\" is not a valid salt size"
unless $value == 12 || $value == 24;
$self->{salt} = rand_int(1 << $value);
} elsif($attr eq "hash") {
croak "hash specified redundantly"
if exists($self->{hash}) ||
defined($passphrase);
$value =~ m#\A[\x00-\xff]{8}\z#
or croak "not a valid raw hash";
$self->{hash} = "$value";
} elsif($attr eq "hash_base64") {
croak "hash specified redundantly"
if exists($self->{hash}) ||
defined($passphrase);
$value =~ m#\A[./0-9A-Za-z]{10}[.26AEIMQUYcgkosw]\z#
or croak "\"$value\" is not a valid ".
"encoded hash";
$self->{hash} = base64_to_block($value);
} elsif($attr eq "passphrase") {
croak "passphrase specified redundantly"
if exists($self->{hash}) ||
defined($passphrase);
$passphrase = $value;
} else {
croak "unrecognised attribute `$attr'";
}
}
$self->{fold} = !!0 unless exists $self->{fold};
$self->{initial} = "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" unless exists $self->{initial};
$self->{nrounds} = 25 unless exists $self->{nrounds};
croak "salt not specified" unless exists $self->{salt};
$self->{hash} = $self->_hash_of($passphrase) if defined $passphrase;
croak "hash not specified" unless exists $self->{hash};
return $self;
}
=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->from_crypt(PASSWD)
Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the DES-based crypt()
algorithm, from a crypt string. Two forms of crypt string are supported.
The first form of crypt string must consist of 13 base 64 digits.
The first two give the salt, and the next eleven give the hash.
Long passphrases are not folded, the initial block is all bits zero,
and 25 encryption rounds are performed.
The second form of crypt string must consist of an "B<_>" followed
by 19 base 64 digits. The first four give the number of encryption
rounds, the next four give the salt, and the next eleven give the hash.
Long passphrases are folded, and the initial block is all bits zero.
=cut
sub from_crypt {
my($class, $passwd) = @_;
if($passwd =~ /\A[^\$].{12}\z/s) {
$passwd =~ m#\A([./0-9A-Za-z]{2})([./0-9A-Za-z]{11})\z#
or croak "malformed DES crypt data";
my($salt, $hash) = ($1, $2);
return $class->new(salt_base64 => $salt, hash_base64 => $hash);
} elsif($passwd =~ /\A_.{19}\z/s) {
$passwd =~ m#\A_([./0-9A-Za-z]{4})([./0-9A-Za-z]{4})
([./0-9A-Za-z]{11})\z#x
or croak "malformed _ data";
my($nr, $salt, $hash) = ($1, $2, $3);
return $class->new(fold => 1, nrounds_base64 => $nr,
salt_base64 => $salt, hash_base64 => $hash);
}
return $class->SUPER::from_crypt($passwd);
}
=item Authen::Passphrase::DESCrypt->from_rfc2307(USERPASSWORD)
Generates a new passphrase recogniser object using the DES-based
crypt() algorithm, from an RFC 2307 string. The string must consist of
"B<{CRYPT}>" (case insensitive) followed by an acceptable crypt string.
=back
=head1 METHODS
=over
=item $ppr->fold
Returns a truth value indicating whether passphrase folding is used.
=cut
sub fold {
my($self) = @_;
return $self->{fold};
}
=item $ppr->initial
Returns the initial block, as a string of eight bytes.
=cut
sub initial {
my($self) = @_;
return $self->{initial};
}
=item $ppr->initial_base64
Returns the initial block, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.
=cut
sub initial_base64 {
my($self) = @_;
return block_to_base64($self->{initial});
}
=item $ppr->nrounds
Returns the number of encryption rounds, as a Perl integer.
=cut
sub nrounds {
my($self) = @_;
return $self->{nrounds};
}
=item $ppr->nrounds_base64_4
Returns the number of encryption rounds, as a string of four base
64 digits.
=cut
sub nrounds_base64_4 {
my($self) = @_;
return int24_to_base64($self->{nrounds});
}
=item $ppr->salt
Returns the salt, as a Perl integer.
=cut
sub salt {
my($self) = @_;
return $self->{salt};
}
=item $ppr->salt_base64_2
Returns the salt, as a string of two base 64 digits. C<die>s if it
doesn't fit into two digits.
=cut
sub salt_base64_2 {
my($self) = @_;
my $salt = $self->{salt};
croak "salt $salt doesn't fit into two digits" if $salt >= 4096;
return int12_to_base64($salt);
}
=item $ppr->salt_base64_4
Returns the salt, as a string of four base 64 digits.
=cut
sub salt_base64_4 {
my($self) = @_;
return int24_to_base64($self->{salt});
}
=item $ppr->hash
Returns the hash value, as a string of eight bytes.
=cut
sub hash {
my($self) = @_;
return $self->{hash};
}
=item $ppr->hash_base64
Returns the hash value, as a string of eleven base 64 digits.
=cut
sub hash_base64 {
my($self) = @_;
return block_to_base64($self->{hash});
}
=item $ppr->match(PASSPHRASE)
=item $ppr->as_crypt
=item $ppr->as_rfc2307
These methods are part of the standard L<Authen::Passphrase> interface.
=cut
sub _hash_of {
my($self, $passphrase) = @_;
$passphrase = fold_password($passphrase) if $self->{fold};
return crypt_rounds($passphrase, $self->{nrounds}, $self->{salt},
$self->{initial});
}
sub match {
my($self, $passphrase) = @_;
return $self->_hash_of($passphrase) eq $self->{hash};
}
sub as_crypt {
my($self) = @_;
if(!$self->{fold} && $self->{initial} eq "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0" &&
$self->{nrounds} == 25 && $self->{salt} < 4096) {
return $self->salt_base64_2.$self->hash_base64;
} elsif($self->{fold} && $self->{initial} eq "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0") {
return "_".$self->nrounds_base64_4.$self->salt_base64_4.
$self->hash_base64;
} else {
croak "passphrase can't be expressed as a crypt string";
}
}
=back
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<Authen::Passphrase>,
L<Crypt::UnixCrypt_XS>
=head1 AUTHOR
Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012
Andrew Main (Zefram) <zefram@fysh.org>
=head1 LICENSE
This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the same terms as Perl itself.
=cut
1;
|