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        <th colspan="3" align="center">LPRng Reference Manual: 24
        Sep 2004 (For LPRng-3.8.28)</th>
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  <div class="SECT1">
    <h1 class="SECT1"><a name="AEN291" id="AEN291">1.10. References
    and Standards</a></h1>

    <p>The following references and standards have been used in the
    development of the <b class="APPLICATION">LPRng</b>
    software.</p>

    <div class="SECT2">
      <h2 class="SECT2"><a name="AEN295" id="AEN295">1.10.1.
      RFCs</a></h2>

      <p>During the early development of the Internet developers
      did not want to go through the laborious process of
      developing formal standards and applying to a standards body
      such as the EIA, IEEE, or ISO. Instead, they called the
      standards documents they developed [<span class=
      "CITATION">Requests for Comments</span>]. These soon became
      <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">de
      facto</i></span> standards, and with the formal acceptance of
      the TCP/IP protocol as a network standard, <span class=
      "emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">de jure</i></span> as
      well.</p>

      <p>You can get copies of the RFCs from literally hundreds of
      network sites, including <a href="http://www.isi.edu" target=
      "_top">http://www.isi.edu</a>, <a href=
      "http://www.faqs.org/rfcs" target=
      "_top">http://www.faqs.org/rfcs</a>, <a href=
      "ftp://NIS.NSF.NET" target="_top">NIS.NSF.NET</a>, <a href=
      "ftp://RFC.JVNC.NET" target="_top">RFC.JVNC.NET</a>, or
      <a href="ftp://FTP.ISI.EDU" target=
      "_top">FTP.ISI.EDU</a>.</p>

      <p>The [<span class="CITATION">RFC1179 - Line Printer Daemon
      Protocol</span>] describes the protocol used to transfer jobs
      from client program to print server. See <a href=
      "rfc1179ref.htm">RFC1179</a> for more a discussion of this
      protocol and more details about the RFC.</p>
    </div>

    <div class="SECT2">
      <h2 class="SECT2"><a name="POSTSCRIPT" id=
      "POSTSCRIPT">1.10.2. PostScript</a></h2>

      <p>PostScript is one of the <span class="emphasis"><i class=
      "EMPHASIS">de facto</i></span> standards for print jobs. The
      Adobe Corporation (<a href="http://www.adobe.com" target=
      "_top">http://www.adobe.com</a>) provides an excellent set of
      references for the PostScript language. They have made many
      of these available for downloading from their web sites or
      have published them in book form.</p>

      <p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Reference
      Manual</span>] contains a great deal of technical information
      about the PostScript Language, and is the language reference
      manual.</p>

      <p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Tutorial
      and Cookbook</span>] is a very nice and easy to read
      introduction to PostScript programming, and has some very
      useful utilities. Combined with <a href=
      "installation.htm#GHOSTSCRIPT">GhostScript</a> and the
      <a href="installation.htm#GV">gv</a> display program you can
      very easily learn to write your own small PostScript
      programs, and more importantly, can learn to understand the
      contents of PostScript files.</p>

      <p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Program
      Design</span>] is the companion to the [<span class=
      "CITATION">PostScript Language Tutorial and Cookbook</span>],
      and has more complex examples of PostScript programs. More
      importantly, it also introduces, although without
      explanation, the PostScript Document Structuring Conventions
      described in Appendix G of the The [<span class=
      "CITATION">PostScript Language Reference Manual</span>]. This
      alone makes it useful.</p>
    </div>

    <div class="SECT2">
      <h2 class="SECT2"><a name="PCL" id="PCL">1.10.3. HP PCL
      5</a></h2>

      <p>The Hewlett-Packard (HP) PCL Printer Language is the
      second de-facto standard for print jobs. Currently,
      Hewlett-Packard makes documentation for PCL available through
      their [<span class="CITATION">Developer Program</span>]. You
      will need to register and then search their site for the
      [<span class="CITATION">PCL 5 Printer Language Reference
      Manual</span>].</p>
    </div>

    <div class="SECT2">
      <h2 class="SECT2"><a name="PJL" id="PJL">1.10.4. HP
      PJL</a></h2>

      <p>The Hewlett-Packard (HP) Printer Job Language is used to
      control various features of HP printers. The [<span class=
      "CITATION">Printer Job Language Reference Manual</span>] is
      also available from Hewlett-Packard (<a href=
      "http://www.hp.com" target="_top">http://www.hp.com</a>)
      through their [<span class="CITATION">Developer
      Program</span>].</p>
    </div>

    <div class="SECT2">
      <h2 class="SECT2"><a name="AEN336" id="AEN336">1.10.5.
      PDF</a></h2>

      <p>The Portable Document Format (<tt class=
      "LITERAL">pdf</tt>) was developed by Adobe to be a more
      useful method of distributing documentation for view by
      online systems and software. The [<span class=
      "CITATION">Portable Document Format Reference Manual</span>]
      is available from Adobe (<a href="http://www.adobe.com"
      target="_top">http://www.adobe.com</a>). While <tt class=
      "LITERAL">pdf</tt> is not used directly as a print job
      language, it is one of the more common formats for files that
      need to be printed. It can be converted to PostScript by most
      <tt class="LITERAL">pdf</tt> viewers such as GhostScript and
      Adobe Acrobat.</p>
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