/usr/include/convert_vax_data.h is in libdnet-dev 2.62.
This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.
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* *
* convert_vax_data.h - Convert VAX-format data to/from Unix (IEEE) format. *
* *
* from_vax_i2() - Byte swap Integer*2 *
* from_vax_i4() - Byte reverse Integer*4 *
* from_vax_r4() - 32-bit VAX F_floating to IEEE S_floating *
* from_vax_d8() - 64-bit VAX D_floating to IEEE T_floating *
* from_vax_g8() - 64-bit VAX G_floating to IEEE T_floating *
* from_vax_h16() - 128-bit VAX H_floating to Alpha X_floating *
* *
* to_vax_i2() - Byte swap Integer*2 *
* to_vax_i4() - Byte reverse Integer*4 *
* to_vax_r4() - 32-bit IEEE S_floating to VAX F_floating *
* to_vax_d8() - 64-bit IEEE T_floating to VAX D_floating *
* to_vax_g8() - 64-bit IEEE T_floating to VAX G_floating *
* to_vax_h16() - 128-bit Alpha X_floating to VAX H_floating *
* *
* All calls take 3 arguments: *
* *
* C declaration: #include "convert_vax_data.h" *
* usage: name( in_array, out_array, &count ); *
* *
* Fortran usage: Call NAME( in_array, out_array, count ) *
* *
* The in_array and out_array parameters may refer to the same object. *
* *
* *
* VAXes (as well as the Intel 80x86 family) store integers in 2's complement *
* format, ordering the bytes in memory from low-order to high-order (collo- *
* quially called little-endian format). Most Unix machines (Sun, IBM, HP) *
* also store integers in 2's complement format, but use the opposite (so *
* called big-endian) byte ordering. *
* *
* A VAX integer is converted to (big-endian) Unix format by reversing the *
* byte order. *
* *
* Most Unix machines implement the ANSI/IEEE 754-1985 floating-point arith- *
* metic standard. VAX and IEEE formats are similar (after byte-swapping). *
* The high-order bit is a sign bit (s). This is followed by a biased expo- *
* nent (e), and a (usually) hidden-bit normalized mantissa (m). They differ *
* in the number used to bias the exponent, the location of the implicit bi- *
* nary point for the mantissa, and the representation of exceptional numbers *
* (e.g., +/-infinity). *
* *
* VAX floating-point formats: (-1)^s * 2^(e-bias) * 0.1m *
* *
* 31 15 0 *
* | | | *
* F_floating mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmseeeeeeeemmmmmmm bias = 128 *
* D_floating mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmseeeeeeeemmmmmmm bias = 128 *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* G_floating mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmseeeeeeeeeeemmmm bias = 1024 *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* H_floating mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmseeeeeeeeeeeeeee bias = 16384 *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* *
* IEEE floating-point formats: (-1)^s * 2^(e-bias) * 1.m *
* *
* 31 15 0 *
* | | | *
* S_floating seeeeeeeemmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm bias = 127 *
* T_floating seeeeeeeeeeemmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm bias = 1023 *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* X_floating seeeeeeeeeeeeeeemmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm bias = 16383 *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm *
* *
* A VAX floating-point number is converted to IEEE floating-point format by *
* subtracting (1+VAX_bias-IEEE_bias) from the exponent field to (1) adjust *
* from VAX 0.1m hidden-bit normalization to IEEE 1.m hidden-bit normaliza- *
* tion and (2) adjust the bias from VAX format to IEEE format. True zero *
* [s=e=m=0] and dirty zero [s=e=0, m<>0] are special cases which must be *
* recognized and handled separately. Both VAX zeros are converted to IEEE *
* +zero [s=e=m=0]. *
* *
* Numbers whose absolute value is too small to represent in the normalized *
* IEEE format illustrated above are converted to subnormal form [e=0, m>0]: *
* (-1)^s * 2^(1-bias) * 0.m. Numbers whose absolute value is too small to *
* represent in subnormal form are set to 0.0 (silent underflow). *
* *
* Note: If the fractional part of the VAX floating-point number is too large *
* for the corresponding IEEE floating-point format, bits are simply *
* discarded from the right. Thus, the remaining fractional part is *
* chopped, not rounded to the lowest-order bit. This can only occur *
* when the conversion requires IEEE subnormal form. *
* *
* A VAX floating-point reserved operand [s=1, e=0, m=any] causes a SIGFPE *
* exception to be raised. The converted result is set to zero. *
* *
* Conversely, an IEEE floating-point number is converted to VAX floating- *
* point format by adding (1+VAX_bias-IEEE_bias) to the exponent field. *
* +zero [s=e=m=0], -zero [s=1, e=m=0], infinities [s=X, e=all-1's, m=0], and *
* NaNs [s=X, e=all-1's, m<>0] are special cases which must be recognized and *
* handled separately. Both IEEE zeros are converted to VAX true zero *
* [s=e=m=0]. Infinities and NaNs cause a SIGFPE exception to be raised. *
* The result returned has the largest VAX exponent [e=all-1's] and zero *
* mantissa [m=0] with the same sign as the original. *
* *
* Numbers whose absolute value is too small to represent in the normalized *
* VAX format illustrated above are set to 0.0 (silent underflow). (VAX *
* floating-point format does not support subnormal numbers.) Numbers whose *
* absolute value exceeds the largest representable VAX-format number cause a *
* SIGFPE exception to be raised (overflow). (VAX floating-point format does *
* not have reserved bit patterns for infinities and not-a-numbers [NaNs].) *
* The result returned has the largest VAX exponent and mantissa [e=m= *
* all-1's] with the same sign as the original. *
* *
* *
* Two variants of convert_vax_data.c are available using IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN *
* and APPEND_UNDERSCORE. If IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN is defined as 0 (false), then *
* the conversions are performed for a big-endian machine, i.e., byte reor- *
* dering is performed for all data types. If IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN is defined as *
* 1 (true), then no reordering is performed. (Integers are identical to VAX *
* format.) *
* *
* If IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN is not defined, then it is defined as 1 (true) if any *
* of the following macros are defined: *
* *
* vax __vax vms __vms __alpha DEC VAX C, GNU C on a DEC VAX or a DEC *
* Alpha, DEC C *
* M_I86 _M_IX86 __M_ALPHA Microsoft 80x86 C or Microsoft Visual C++ *
* on an Intel x86 or a DEC Alpha *
* i386 __i386 Sun C, GNU C, or Intel C on an Intel x86 *
* __x86_64 __x86_64__ GNU C or Portland Group C on an AMD *
* Opteron or an Intel EM64T *
* *
* If APPEND_UNDERSCORE is defined, the entry point names are compiled with *
* an underscore appended. This is required so that they can be called by *
* Fortran in cases where the Fortran compiler appends an underscore to *
* externally called routines (e.g., Sun Fortran). *
* *
* Normally, all routines are compiled into a single object module. To com- *
* pile a single routine into its own module, define MAKE_routine_name, sub- *
* stituting the upper-case name of the routine for routine_name. For exam- *
* ple, MAKE_TO_VAX_I2. (This is useful, for example, to insert the routines *
* into a library such that a linker may extract only the routines actually *
* needed by a particular program.) *
* *
* convert_vax_data.c assumes an ANSI C compiler, 8-bit chars, 16-bit shorts, *
* and 32-bit ints. *
* *
* *
* References: ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985, IEEE Standard for Binary Floating- *
* Point Arithmetic, Institute of Electrical and Electronics *
* Engineers *
* Brunner, Richard A., Ed., 1991, VAX Architecture Reference *
* Manual, Second Edition, Digital Press *
* Sites, Richard L., and Witek, Richard T., 1995, Alpha AXP *
* Architecture Reference Manual, Second Edition, Digital *
* Press *
* *
* Author: Lawrence M. Baker *
* U.S. Geological Survey *
* 345 Middlefield Road MS977 *
* Menlo Park, CA 94025 *
* baker@usgs.gov *
* *
* Citation: Baker, L.M., 2005, libvaxdata: VAX Data Format Conversion *
* Routines: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005- *
* 1424 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1424/). *
* *
* *
* Disclaimer *
* *
* Although this program has been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or *
* implied, is made by the USGS or the United States Government as to the *
* accuracy and functioning of the program and related program material, nor *
* shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no *
* responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. *
* *
* *
* Modification History: *
* *
* 8-Mar-2001 L. M. Baker Original version. *
* Define upcased and underscore-appended *
* variants. *
* 9-Mar-2001 L. M. Baker Add #ifndef _CONVERT_VAX_DATA guard. *
* 16-Sep-2005 L. M. Baker Correct the diagram of IEEE X_floating *
* (exponent is 15 bits, not 11 bits). *
* 19-Sep-2005 L. M. Baker Add fixups for IEEE-to-VAX conversion *
* faults (+-infinity, +-NaN, overflow). *
* 8-Nov-2005 L. M. Baker Move #define const if not __STDC__ from *
* convert_vax_data.c. *
* 27-Jan-2010 L. M. Baker Change guard to #ifndef _CONVERT_VAX_DATA_H. *
* *
******************************************************************************/
#ifndef _CONVERT_VAX_DATA_H
#define _CONVERT_VAX_DATA_H
#ifndef FORTRAN_LINKAGE
#define FORTRAN_LINKAGE
#endif
#ifdef UPCASE
#define from_vax_i2 FROM_VAX_I2
#define from_vax_i4 FROM_VAX_I4
#define from_vax_r4 FROM_VAX_R4
#define from_vax_d8 FROM_VAX_D8
#define from_vax_g8 FROM_VAX_G8
#define from_vax_h16 FROM_VAX_H16
#define to_vax_i2 TO_VAX_I2
#define to_vax_i4 TO_VAX_I4
#define to_vax_r4 TO_VAX_R4
#define to_vax_d8 TO_VAX_D8
#define to_vax_g8 TO_VAX_G8
#define to_vax_h16 TO_VAX_H16
#endif
#ifdef APPEND_UNDERSCORE
#define from_vax_i2 from_vax_i2##_
#define from_vax_i4 from_vax_i4##_
#define from_vax_r4 from_vax_r4##_
#define from_vax_d8 from_vax_d8##_
#define from_vax_g8 from_vax_g8##_
#define from_vax_h16 from_vax_h16##_
#define to_vax_i2 to_vax_i2##_
#define to_vax_i4 to_vax_i4##_
#define to_vax_r4 to_vax_r4##_
#define to_vax_d8 to_vax_d8##_
#define to_vax_g8 to_vax_g8##_
#define to_vax_h16 to_vax_h16##_
#endif
/* const is ANSI C, C++ only */
#if !defined( __STDC__ ) && !defined( __cplusplus )
#define const
#endif
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_i2( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_i4( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_r4( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_d8( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_g8( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE from_vax_h16( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_i2( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_i4( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_r4( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_d8( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_g8( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
void FORTRAN_LINKAGE to_vax_h16( const void *inbuf, void *outbuf,
const int *count );
#endif /* _CONVERT_VAX_DATA_H */
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