This file is indexed.

/usr/share/doc/cron/examples/cron-stats.pl is in cron 3.0pl1-128ubuntu2.

This file is owned by root:root, with mode 0o644.

The actual contents of the file can be viewed below.

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# Generate stats of Cron messages sent to syslog
#
#
# This script can be used to generate per-user and per-task 
# statistics in order to determine how much time do cron tasks take
# and audit cron use. It might be useful to debug issues related
# to cron tasks that take too much time to run, or overlap, or get executed 
# too fast..
#
# Hint: In some systems, cron tasks might not properly use lockfiles to
# prevent themselves from being run twice in a row and some "strange"
# things might happen if the system is overloaded and a cron task takes
# more than expected. And, no, this is not something that Cron should
# prevent (for more information see Debian bug #194805).
#
# In order for this script to work 
#
# together with the logging enhancements included
# in Debian's vixie cron (3.0pl1-95) that make it possible to log 
# when do cron tasks end.
# 
#
# How to use:
# - Modify /etc/init.d/cron so that the calls to cron pass the '-L 2'
#   argument
#   (Hint: change lines 27 and 47 so that they end with '-- -L 2 $LSBNAMES'
#   instead of '-- $LSBNAMES')
#   In Debian you need cron-3.0pl1-95 or later.
#   Note: future versions of cron might use an /etc/default/cron file
#   to provide arguments to cron. 
#
# - Review /etc/syslog.conf to determine where does the output of the cron
#   facility goes to (might be /var/log/syslog together with other messages
#   but you can also configure syslog to store them at /var/log/cron.log)
#
# - Run the script (by default it will read input /var/log/syslog but you
#   can point to other file using the '-f' switch) and review the output
#
# - (Optionally) If you want to analyse log files for a long period
#   concatenate different log files, extract all CRON related entries
#   to a file and process that.
#  
#   You could do, for example, this:
#
#   zcat -f /var/log/syslog* | grep CRON >cron-log ;  \
#              perl stats-cron.pl -f cron-log
#   
#
# This program is copyright 2006 by Javier Fernandez-Sanguino <jfs@debian.org>
#
#    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
#    (at your option) any later version.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
#    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
#
# For more information please see
#  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html#GPL

# TODO:
# - Print time internal of file analysis (from 'XXX' to 'XXX') based on the
#   first and the last log entry read.
# 
# - Detect overlaped entries for the same task (start of an entry before the
#   previous one finished)
#
# - Make it possible to filter by users
#
# - Consider adapting to other log formats (other cron programs? Solaris?) by
#   separating analysis and extraction in the code and making it possible
#   to switch to different analysis methods.


# Required modules
eval 'use Parse::Syslog';
if ($@) {
	print STDERR "ERROR: Parse::Syslog not installed, please install this Perl library\n";
	print STDERR "ERROR: (in Debian it is provided by the 'libparse-syslog-perl' package)\n";
	exit 1;
}
use Parse::Syslog;
use Getopt::Std;
# Parse command line
getopts('dhvf:');
$opt_d = 0 if ! defined ($opt_d) ;

if ( $opt_h ) {
	print "Usage: $ARGV[0] [-dhv] [-f syslog file]";
	exit 1;
}

# Note: in Debian's default syslog configuration log messages are 
# sent to /var/log/syslog but you might have edited it to use
# /var/log/cron.log instead. Which, BTW, is more efficient because
# we do not need to parse the syslog to extract only cron messages.
my $LOGFILE = $opt_f || "/var/log/syslog";

# Sanity checks
if ( ! -r $LOGFILE ) {
	print STDERR "ERROR: Cannot read logfile $LOGFILE";
}

my $parser = Parse::Syslog->new( $LOGFILE);
print STDERR "Starting parse of file $LOGFILE\n" if $opt_v;
while(my $log = $parser->next) {
	if ( $log->{program} =~ /CRON/ ) {
		print STDERR "DEBUG: Found syslog entry: $log->{pid}\n" if $opt_d;
# We extract the entries with the same text but with 'CMD' (start)
# and 'END' (end) to check if it's the same we use the PID reported
# by cron.
		if ($log->{text} =~ /CMD \(/) {
			my $pid;
			if  ($log->{text} =~ /\(\[(\d+)\]/ ) {
			# Debian - with loglevel 8, the child process id is
			# reported
				$pid = $1;
			} else {
			# All the other cases, the process ID of the
			# child process is the same one as the log entry
				$pid = $log->{pid};
			}
			add_entry($log->{timestamp},$log->{text},$pid, $log->{pid})
		}
		if ($log->{text} =~ /END \(/) {
			my $pid;
			if  ($log->{text} =~ /\(\[(\d+)\]/ ) {
			# Debian - with loglevel 8
				$pid = $1;
			} else {
			# Other cases
				$pid = "UNKNOWN";
			}
			clear_entry($log->{timestamp},$log->{text},$pid,$log->{pid});
		}
	}
}
print STDERR "Finished parse of file $LOGFILE\n" if $opt_v;


# Analysis, we find all entries with a start and stop timestamp 
# and print them
generate_analysis();

# Stats:
# - average time of execution of cron jobs
# - cronjob which executed slowest
# - cronjob which executed fastes
# - cronjobs which start before they finish
print_stats();

exit 0;

sub find_user {
# Extract a user from a cron entry
	my ($text) = @_;
	my $user = "";
	if ( $text =~ /^\((.*?)\)/ ) {
		$user = $1;
	} 
	return $user;
}

sub find_prg {
# Extract a program from a cron entry
	my ($text) = @_;
	my $prg = "";
	if ( $text =~ /(CM|EN)D\s*\((.*)\s*\)\s*$/ ) {
		$prg = $2;
		$prg =~ s/^\[\d+\]\s+//; # Strip off child process numbers
					# (Debian loglevel 8)
	}
	return $prg;
}

sub add_entry {
# Get a syslog entry and add it to the table of entries for analysis
	my ($time, $text, $pid, $ppid) = @_;
	my ($user, $prg);
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Entering add_entry with @_\n" if $opt_d; 
	$user = find_user($text);
	if ( ! defined ($user) ) {
		print STDERR "WARN: Cannot find user for cron job (pid $pid)\n";
		return;
	}
	$prg  = find_prg($text);
	if ( ! defined ($prg) ) {
		print STDERR "WARN: Cannot find program for cron job (pid $pid)\n";
		return;
	}
	my $value = $pid."-".$time;
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Adding cronjob of user $user to list: $prg\n" if $opt_d;
	add_cron_entry($user, $prg, $value, $ppid);
	$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'count'}++;
	return;
}

sub clear_entry {
# Get a syslog entry, find the start entry and add the timestamp difference
# to the list of timestamps for that user
#
# There's two ways to match entries:
#  - (in Debian, using loglevel 8): By matching the child process ID
#    between the entries
#  - in all the other cases: By matching the process ID of the 
#    END message (which belongs to the parent) with the process IF
#    of the CMD message (which belongs to the child)
	my ($timestamp, $text, $pid, $ppid) = @_;
	my ($user, $prg, $entry, $count);
	my @array; my @stack;
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Entering clear_entry with @_\n" if $opt_d; 
	$user = find_user($text);
	if ( $user eq "" ) {
		print STDERR "WARN: Cannot find user for cron job (pid $pid)\n";
		return;
	}
	$prg  = find_prg($text);
	if ( $prg eq "" ) {
		print STDERR "WARN: Cannot find program for cron job (pid $pid)\n";
		return;
	}
	if ( ! defined ( $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'} ) ) {
		print STDERR "WARN: End entry without start entry (pid $pid)\n";
		return;
	}
	@array = split(':', $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'});
	$count = $#array + 1 ;
	print STDERR "DEBUG: $count cron entries for $user, task '$prg'\n" if $opt_d;
	my $finish = 0;
	while ( $finish == 0 ) {
		$entry = pop @array;
		last if ! defined ($entry) ;
		# Pop all entries and look for one whose pid matches 
		my ($spid, $stimestamp) =  split ("-", $entry);
		print  STDERR "DEBUG: Comparing entry $spid to $pid\n" if $opt_d;
		if  ( ( $pid ne "UNKNOWN" && $pid == $spid ) ||  $ppid-$spid == 1 ) {
			my $timediff =  $timestamp-$stimestamp;
			$timediff = 0 if $timediff < 0;
			print STDERR "DEBUG: Entries match, time difference of $timediff\n" if $opt_d ;
			$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'finished'}++;
			if (defined ( $cron_times{$user}{$prg} ) ) { 
				$cron_times{$user}{$prg} = join(":", $cron_times{$user}{$prg}, $timediff);
			} else {
				$cron_times{$user}{$prg} = $timediff;
			}
			$finish = 1;
		} else {
			print STDERR "DEBUG: Pushing entry $spid into stack\n" if $opt_d;
			push @stack, $entry;
		}
	}
	# Push all remaining entries to the stack
	$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'}="";
	$count = $#array + 1 ;
	if ($opt_d) {
		print STDERR "DEBUG: Restoring all entries (size: array $count";
		$count = $#stack + 1 ;
		print STDERR ", stack $count)\n";
	}
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Total finished tasks: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'finished'} out of $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'count'}\n" if defined $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'finished'} && $opt_d;
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Unmatched now: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'}\n" if $opt_d;
	while ( $entry = pop @array ) {
		add_cron_entry($user, $prg, $entry);
	}
	while ( $entry = pop @stack ) {
		add_cron_entry($user, $prg, $entry);
	}
	print STDERR "DEBUG: Finish execution of clear_entry\n" if $opt_d;
	return;
}

sub add_cron_entry {
	my ($user, $prg, $entry) = @_;
	if ( defined ($cron_entries{$user}{$prg}) &&  $cron_entries{$user}{$prg} ne "" ) { 
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'} = join(":", $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'}, $entry);
	} else {
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'} = $entry;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'count'} = 0;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'finished'} = 0;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'unmatched'} = 0 ;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'average'} = 0 ;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'minimum'} = 0 ;
		$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'maximum'} = 0;
	}
}

sub count_unmatched {
	my ($user, $prg) = @_;
	my ($count, @array);
	return 0 if ! defined ( $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'} ); 
	@array = split(':', $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'item'});
	$count = $#array + 1 ;
	return $count;
}

sub find_average {
	my ($user, $prg) = @_;
	my ($average, $count, $total, @array, $entry);
	$total = 0 ;
	return -1 if ! defined ( $cron_times{$user}{$prg} ); 
	@array = split(':', $cron_times{$user}{$prg});
	$count = $#array + 1 ;
	while ( defined ( $entry = pop @array ) ) {
		$total += $entry;
	}
	$average = $total / $count;
	return $average;
}

sub find_minimum {
	my ($user, $prg) = @_;
	my ($minimum, @array, $entry);
	$minimum = -1;
	return -1 if ! defined ( $cron_times{$user}{$prg} ); 
	@array = split(':', $cron_times{$user}{$prg});
	while ( defined ( $entry = pop @array ) ) {
		if ( $minimum == -1 ) {
			$minimum = $entry;
		} else {
			$minimum = $entry if $entry < $minimum;
		}
	}
	return $minimum;
}

sub find_maximum {
	my ($user, $prg) = @_;
	my ($maximum, @array);
	$maximum = -1;
	return -1 if ! defined ( $cron_times{$user}{$prg} ); 
	@array = split(':', $cron_times{$user}{$prg});
	while ( defined ( $entry = pop @array ) ) {
		if ( $maximum == -1 ) {
			$maximum = $entry ;
		} else { 
			$maximum = $entry if $entry > $maximum;
		}
	}
	return $maximum;
}



sub generate_analysis {
# For each user and program calculate the average time for the task
	my ($user, $prg);
	foreach $user (keys %cron_entries) {
		print STDERR "DEBUG: Calculating data for user '$user'\n" if $opt_d;
		foreach my $prg ( keys %{$cron_entries{$user}} ) {
			print STDERR "DEBUG: Calculating data for task '$prg'\n" if $opt_d;
			my $unmatched = count_unmatched($user, $prg);
			my $average = find_average($user, $prg);
			my $minimum = find_minimum($user, $prg);
			my $maximum = find_maximum($user, $prg);
			$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'unmatched'} = $unmatched;
			$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'average'} = $average;
			$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'minimum'} = $minimum;
			$cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'maximum'} = $maximum;
		}
	}
}

sub print_stats {
# Print information of cron statistics
	my ($user, $prg);
	foreach  $user (keys %cron_entries) {
		print "Cron statistics for user '$user'\n";
		foreach $prg ( keys %{$cron_entries{$user}} ) {
			print "\tTask: '$prg'\n";
			print "\t\tDEBUG: $cron_times{$user}{$prg}\n" if $opt_d;
			print <<EOF
\t\tTotal: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'count'}
\t\tFinished: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'finished'}
\t\tUnmatched: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'unmatched'}
\t\tAvg time: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'average'}
\t\tMin time: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'minimum'}
\t\tMax time: $cron_entries{$user}{$prg}{'maximum'}
EOF
		}
	}
}