/etc/lvm/lvm.conf

# This is an example configuration file for the LVM2 system.
# It contains the default settings that would be used if there was no
# /etc/lvm/lvm.conf file.
#
# Refer to 'man lvm.conf' for further information including the file layout.
#
# Refer to 'man lvm.conf' for information about how settings configured in
# this file are combined with built-in values and command line options to
# arrive at the final values used by LVM.
#
# Refer to 'man lvmconfig' for information about displaying the built-in
# and configured values used by LVM.
#
# If a default value is set in this file (not commented out), then a
# new version of LVM using this file will continue using that value,
# even if the new version of LVM changes the built-in default value.
#
# To put this file in a different directory and override /etc/lvm set
# the environment variable LVM_SYSTEM_DIR before running the tools.
#
# N.B. Take care that each setting only appears once if uncommenting
# example settings in this file.

# Configuration section config.
# How LVM configuration settings are handled.
config {

# Configuration option config/checks.
# If enabled, any LVM configuration mismatch is reported.
# This implies checking that the configuration key is understood by
# LVM and that the value of the key is the proper type. If disabled,
# any configuration mismatch is ignored and the default value is used
# without any warning (a message about the configuration key not being
# found is issued in verbose mode only).
checks = 1

# Configuration option config/abort_on_errors.
# Abort the LVM process if a configuration mismatch is found.
abort_on_errors = 0

# Configuration option config/profile_dir.
# Directory where LVM looks for configuration profiles.
profile_dir = "/etc/lvm/profile"
}

# Configuration section devices.
# How LVM uses block devices.
devices {

# Configuration option devices/dir.
# Directory in which to create volume group device nodes.
# Commands also accept this as a prefix on volume group names.
# This configuration option is advanced.
dir = "/dev"

# Configuration option devices/scan.
# Directories containing device nodes to use with LVM.
# This configuration option is advanced.
scan = [ "/dev" ]

# Configuration option devices/obtain_device_list_from_udev.
# Obtain the list of available devices from udev.
# This avoids opening or using any inapplicable non-block devices or
# subdirectories found in the udev directory. Any device node or
# symlink not managed by udev in the udev directory is ignored. This
# setting applies only to the udev-managed device directory; other
# directories will be scanned fully. LVM needs to be compiled with
# udev support for this setting to apply.
obtain_device_list_from_udev = 1

# Configuration option devices/external_device_info_source.
# Select an external device information source.
# Some information may already be available in the system and LVM can
# use this information to determine the exact type or use of devices it
# processes. Using an existing external device information source can
# speed up device processing as LVM does not need to run its own native
# routines to acquire this information. For example, this information
# is used to drive LVM filtering like MD component detection, multipath
# component detection, partition detection and others.
#
# Accepted values:
# none
# No external device information source is used.
# udev
# Reuse existing udev database records. Applicable only if LVM is
# compiled with udev support.
#
external_device_info_source = "none"

# Configuration option devices/preferred_names.
# Select which path name to display for a block device.
# If multiple path names exist for a block device, and LVM needs to
# display a name for the device, the path names are matched against
# each item in this list of regular expressions. The first match is
# used. Try to avoid using undescriptive /dev/dm-N names, if present.
# If no preferred name matches, or if preferred_names are not defined,
# the following built-in preferences are applied in order until one
# produces a preferred name:
# Prefer names with path prefixes in the order of:
# /dev/mapper, /dev/disk, /dev/dm-*, /dev/block.
# Prefer the name with the least number of slashes.
# Prefer a name that is a symlink.
# Prefer the path with least value in lexicographical order.
#
# Example
# preferred_names = [ "^/dev/mpath/", "^/dev/mapper/mpath", "^/dev/[hs]d" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option devices/filter.
# Limit the block devices that are used by LVM commands.
# This is a list of regular expressions used to accept or reject block
# device path names. Each regex is delimited by a vertical bar '|'
# (or any character) and is preceded by 'a' to accept the path, or
# by 'r' to reject the path. The first regex in the list to match the
# path is used, producing the 'a' or 'r' result for the device.
# When multiple path names exist for a block device, if any path name
# matches an 'a' pattern before an 'r' pattern, then the device is
# accepted. If all the path names match an 'r' pattern first, then the
# device is rejected. Unmatching path names do not affect the accept
# or reject decision. If no path names for a device match a pattern,
# then the device is accepted. Be careful mixing 'a' and 'r' patterns,
# as the combination might produce unexpected results (test changes.)
# Run vgscan after changing the filter to regenerate the cache.
# See the use_lvmetad comment for a special case regarding filters.
#
# Example
# Accept every block device:
# filter = [ "a|.*/|" ]
# Reject the cdrom drive:
# filter = [ "r|/dev/cdrom|" ]
# Work with just loopback devices, e.g. for testing:
# filter = [ "a|loop|", "r|.*|" ]
# Accept all loop devices and ide drives except hdc:
# filter = [ "a|loop|", "r|/dev/hdc|", "a|/dev/ide|", "r|.*|" ]
# Use anchors to be very specific:
# filter = [ "a|^/dev/hda8$|", "r|.*/|" ]
#
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# filter = [ "a|.*/|" ]

# Configuration option devices/global_filter.
# Limit the block devices that are used by LVM system components.
# Because devices/filter may be overridden from the command line, it is
# not suitable for system-wide device filtering, e.g. udev and lvmetad.
# Use global_filter to hide devices from these LVM system components.
# The syntax is the same as devices/filter. Devices rejected by
# global_filter are not opened by LVM.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# global_filter = [ "a|.*/|" ]

# Configuration option devices/cache_dir.
# Directory in which to store the device cache file.
# The results of filtering are cached on disk to avoid rescanning dud
# devices (which can take a very long time). By default this cache is
# stored in a file named .cache. It is safe to delete this file; the
# tools regenerate it. If obtain_device_list_from_udev is enabled, the
# list of devices is obtained from udev and any existing .cache file
# is removed.
cache_dir = "/run/lvm"

# Configuration option devices/cache_file_prefix.
# A prefix used before the .cache file name. See devices/cache_dir.
cache_file_prefix = ""

# Configuration option devices/write_cache_state.
# Enable/disable writing the cache file. See devices/cache_dir.
write_cache_state = 1

# Configuration option devices/types.
# List of additional acceptable block device types.
# These are of device type names from /proc/devices, followed by the
# maximum number of partitions.
#
# Example
# types = [ "fd", 16 ]
#
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option devices/sysfs_scan.
# Restrict device scanning to block devices appearing in sysfs.
# This is a quick way of filtering out block devices that are not
# present on the system. sysfs must be part of the kernel and mounted.)
sysfs_scan = 1

# Configuration option devices/multipath_component_detection.
# Ignore devices that are components of DM multipath devices.
multipath_component_detection = 1

# Configuration option devices/md_component_detection.
# Ignore devices that are components of software RAID (md) devices.
md_component_detection = 1

# Configuration option devices/fw_raid_component_detection.
# Ignore devices that are components of firmware RAID devices.
# LVM must use an external_device_info_source other than none for this
# detection to execute.
fw_raid_component_detection = 0

# Configuration option devices/md_chunk_alignment.
# Align PV data blocks with md device's stripe-width.
# This applies if a PV is placed directly on an md device.
md_chunk_alignment = 1

# Configuration option devices/default_data_alignment.
# Default alignment of the start of a PV data area in MB.
# If set to 0, a value of 64KiB will be used.
# Set to 1 for 1MiB, 2 for 2MiB, etc.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# default_data_alignment = 1

# Configuration option devices/data_alignment_detection.
# Detect PV data alignment based on sysfs device information.
# The start of a PV data area will be a multiple of minimum_io_size or
# optimal_io_size exposed in sysfs. minimum_io_size is the smallest
# request the device can perform without incurring a read-modify-write
# penalty, e.g. MD chunk size. optimal_io_size is the device's
# preferred unit of receiving I/O, e.g. MD stripe width.
# minimum_io_size is used if optimal_io_size is undefined (0).
# If md_chunk_alignment is enabled, that detects the optimal_io_size.
# This setting takes precedence over md_chunk_alignment.
data_alignment_detection = 1

# Configuration option devices/data_alignment.
# Alignment of the start of a PV data area in KiB.
# If a PV is placed directly on an md device and md_chunk_alignment or
# data_alignment_detection are enabled, then this setting is ignored.
# Otherwise, md_chunk_alignment and data_alignment_detection are
# disabled if this is set. Set to 0 to use the default alignment or the
# page size, if larger.
data_alignment = 0

# Configuration option devices/data_alignment_offset_detection.
# Detect PV data alignment offset based on sysfs device information.
# The start of a PV aligned data area will be shifted by the
# alignment_offset exposed in sysfs. This offset is often 0, but may
# be non-zero. Certain 4KiB sector drives that compensate for windows
# partitioning will have an alignment_offset of 3584 bytes (sector 7
# is the lowest aligned logical block, the 4KiB sectors start at
# LBA -1, and consequently sector 63 is aligned on a 4KiB boundary).
# pvcreate --dataalignmentoffset will skip this detection.
data_alignment_offset_detection = 1

# Configuration option devices/ignore_suspended_devices.
# Ignore DM devices that have I/O suspended while scanning devices.
# Otherwise, LVM waits for a suspended device to become accessible.
# This should only be needed in recovery situations.
ignore_suspended_devices = 0

# Configuration option devices/ignore_lvm_mirrors.
# Do not scan 'mirror' LVs to avoid possible deadlocks.
# This avoids possible deadlocks when using the 'mirror' segment type.
# This setting determines whether LVs using the 'mirror' segment type
# are scanned for LVM labels. This affects the ability of mirrors to
# be used as physical volumes. If this setting is enabled, it is
# impossible to create VGs on top of mirror LVs, i.e. to stack VGs on
# mirror LVs. If this setting is disabled, allowing mirror LVs to be
# scanned, it may cause LVM processes and I/O to the mirror to become
# blocked. This is due to the way that the mirror segment type handles
# failures. In order for the hang to occur, an LVM command must be run
# just after a failure and before the automatic LVM repair process
# takes place, or there must be failures in multiple mirrors in the
# same VG at the same time with write failures occurring moments before
# a scan of the mirror's labels. The 'mirror' scanning problems do not
# apply to LVM RAID types like 'raid1' which handle failures in a
# different way, making them a better choice for VG stacking.
ignore_lvm_mirrors = 1

# Configuration option devices/disable_after_error_count.
# Number of I/O errors after which a device is skipped.
# During each LVM operation, errors received from each device are
# counted. If the counter of a device exceeds the limit set here,
# no further I/O is sent to that device for the remainder of the
# operation. Setting this to 0 disables the counters altogether.
disable_after_error_count = 0

# Configuration option devices/require_restorefile_with_uuid.
# Allow use of pvcreate --uuid without requiring --restorefile.
require_restorefile_with_uuid = 1

# Configuration option devices/pv_min_size.
# Minimum size in KiB of block devices which can be used as PVs.
# In a clustered environment all nodes must use the same value.
# Any value smaller than 512KiB is ignored. The previous built-in
# value was 512.
pv_min_size = 2048

# Configuration option devices/issue_discards.
# Issue discards to PVs that are no longer used by an LV.
# Discards are sent to an LV's underlying physical volumes when the LV
# is no longer using the physical volumes' space, e.g. lvremove,
# lvreduce. Discards inform the storage that a region is no longer
# used. Storage that supports discards advertise the protocol-specific
# way discards should be issued by the kernel (TRIM, UNMAP, or
# WRITE SAME with UNMAP bit set). Not all storage will support or
# benefit from discards, but SSDs and thinly provisioned LUNs
# generally do. If enabled, discards will only be issued if both the
# storage and kernel provide support.
issue_discards = 1
}

# Configuration section allocation.
# How LVM selects space and applies properties to LVs.
allocation {

# Configuration option allocation/cling_tag_list.
# Advise LVM which PVs to use when searching for new space.
# When searching for free space to extend an LV, the 'cling' allocation
# policy will choose space on the same PVs as the last segment of the
# existing LV. If there is insufficient space and a list of tags is
# defined here, it will check whether any of them are attached to the
# PVs concerned and then seek to match those PV tags between existing
# extents and new extents.
#
# Example
# Use the special tag "@*" as a wildcard to match any PV tag:
# cling_tag_list = [ "@*" ]
# LVs are mirrored between two sites within a single VG, and
# PVs are tagged with either @site1 or @site2 to indicate where
# they are situated:
# cling_tag_list = [ "@site1", "@site2" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option allocation/maximise_cling.
# Use a previous allocation algorithm.
# Changes made in version 2.02.85 extended the reach of the 'cling'
# policies to detect more situations where data can be grouped onto
# the same disks. This setting can be used to disable the changes
# and revert to the previous algorithm.
maximise_cling = 1

# Configuration option allocation/use_blkid_wiping.
# Use blkid to detect existing signatures on new PVs and LVs.
# The blkid library can detect more signatures than the native LVM
# detection code, but may take longer. LVM needs to be compiled with
# blkid wiping support for this setting to apply. LVM native detection
# code is currently able to recognize: MD device signatures,
# swap signature, and LUKS signatures. To see the list of signatures
# recognized by blkid, check the output of the 'blkid -k' command.
use_blkid_wiping = 1

# Configuration option allocation/wipe_signatures_when_zeroing_new_lvs.
# Look for and erase any signatures while zeroing a new LV.
# The --wipesignatures option overrides this setting.
# Zeroing is controlled by the -Z/--zero option, and if not specified,
# zeroing is used by default if possible. Zeroing simply overwrites the
# first 4KiB of a new LV with zeroes and does no signature detection or
# wiping. Signature wiping goes beyond zeroing and detects exact types
# and positions of signatures within the whole LV. It provides a
# cleaner LV after creation as all known signatures are wiped. The LV
# is not claimed incorrectly by other tools because of old signatures
# from previous use. The number of signatures that LVM can detect
# depends on the detection code that is selected (see
# use_blkid_wiping.) Wiping each detected signature must be confirmed.
# When this setting is disabled, signatures on new LVs are not detected
# or erased unless the --wipesignatures option is used directly.
wipe_signatures_when_zeroing_new_lvs = 1

# Configuration option allocation/mirror_logs_require_separate_pvs.
# Mirror logs and images will always use different PVs.
# The default setting changed in version 2.02.85.
mirror_logs_require_separate_pvs = 0

# Configuration option allocation/cache_pool_metadata_require_separate_pvs.
# Cache pool metadata and data will always use different PVs.
cache_pool_metadata_require_separate_pvs = 0

# Configuration option allocation/cache_mode.
# The default cache mode used for new cache.
#
# Accepted values:
# writethrough
# Data blocks are immediately written from the cache to disk.
# writeback
# Data blocks are written from the cache back to disk after some
# delay to improve performance.
#
# This setting replaces allocation/cache_pool_cachemode.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_mode = "writethrough"

# Configuration option allocation/cache_policy.
# The default cache policy used for new cache volume.
# Since kernel 4.2 the default policy is smq (Stochastic multique),
# otherwise the older mq (Multiqueue) policy is selected.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration section allocation/cache_settings.
# Settings for the cache policy.
# See documentation for individual cache policies for more info.
# This configuration section has an automatic default value.
# cache_settings {
# }

# Configuration option allocation/cache_pool_chunk_size.
# The minimal chunk size in KiB for cache pool volumes.
# Using a chunk_size that is too large can result in wasteful use of
# the cache, where small reads and writes can cause large sections of
# an LV to be mapped into the cache. However, choosing a chunk_size
# that is too small can result in more overhead trying to manage the
# numerous chunks that become mapped into the cache. The former is
# more of a problem than the latter in most cases, so the default is
# on the smaller end of the spectrum. Supported values range from
# 32KiB to 1GiB in multiples of 32.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option allocation/thin_pool_metadata_require_separate_pvs.
# Thin pool metdata and data will always use different PVs.
thin_pool_metadata_require_separate_pvs = 0

# Configuration option allocation/thin_pool_zero.
# Thin pool data chunks are zeroed before they are first used.
# Zeroing with a larger thin pool chunk size reduces performance.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_pool_zero = 1

# Configuration option allocation/thin_pool_discards.
# The discards behaviour of thin pool volumes.
#
# Accepted values:
# ignore
# nopassdown
# passdown
#
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_pool_discards = "passdown"

# Configuration option allocation/thin_pool_chunk_size_policy.
# The chunk size calculation policy for thin pool volumes.
#
# Accepted values:
# generic
# If thin_pool_chunk_size is defined, use it. Otherwise, calculate
# the chunk size based on estimation and device hints exposed in
# sysfs - the minimum_io_size. The chunk size is always at least
# 64KiB.
# performance
# If thin_pool_chunk_size is defined, use it. Otherwise, calculate
# the chunk size for performance based on device hints exposed in
# sysfs - the optimal_io_size. The chunk size is always at least
# 512KiB.
#
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_pool_chunk_size_policy = "generic"

# Configuration option allocation/thin_pool_chunk_size.
# The minimal chunk size in KiB for thin pool volumes.
# Larger chunk sizes may improve performance for plain thin volumes,
# however using them for snapshot volumes is less efficient, as it
# consumes more space and takes extra time for copying. When unset,
# lvm tries to estimate chunk size starting from 64KiB. Supported
# values are in the range 64KiB to 1GiB.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option allocation/physical_extent_size.
# Default physical extent size in KiB to use for new VGs.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# physical_extent_size = 4096
}

# Configuration section log.
# How LVM log information is reported.
log {

# Configuration option log/verbose.
# Controls the messages sent to stdout or stderr.
verbose = 0

# Configuration option log/silent.
# Suppress all non-essential messages from stdout.
# This has the same effect as -qq. When enabled, the following commands
# still produce output: dumpconfig, lvdisplay, lvmdiskscan, lvs, pvck,
# pvdisplay, pvs, version, vgcfgrestore -l, vgdisplay, vgs.
# Non-essential messages are shifted from log level 4 to log level 5
# for syslog and lvm2_log_fn purposes.
# Any 'yes' or 'no' questions not overridden by other arguments are
# suppressed and default to 'no'.
silent = 0

# Configuration option log/syslog.
# Send log messages through syslog.
syslog = 1

# Configuration option log/file.
# Write error and debug log messages to a file specified here.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option log/overwrite.
# Overwrite the log file each time the program is run.
overwrite = 0

# Configuration option log/level.
# The level of log messages that are sent to the log file or syslog.
# There are 6 syslog-like log levels currently in use: 2 to 7 inclusive.
# 7 is the most verbose (LOG_DEBUG).
level = 0

# Configuration option log/indent.
# Indent messages according to their severity.
indent = 1

# Configuration option log/command_names.
# Display the command name on each line of output.
command_names = 0

# Configuration option log/prefix.
# A prefix to use before the log message text.
# (After the command name, if selected).
# Two spaces allows you to see/grep the severity of each message.
# To make the messages look similar to the original LVM tools use:
# indent = 0, command_names = 1, prefix = " -- "
prefix = " "

# Configuration option log/activation.
# Log messages during activation.
# Don't use this in low memory situations (can deadlock).
activation = 0

# Configuration option log/debug_classes.
# Select log messages by class.
# Some debugging messages are assigned to a class and only appear in
# debug output if the class is listed here. Classes currently
# available: memory, devices, activation, allocation, lvmetad,
# metadata, cache, locking, lvmpolld. Use "all" to see everything.
debug_classes = [ "memory", "devices", "activation", "allocation", "lvmetad", "metadata", "cache", "locking", "lvmpolld" ]
}

# Configuration section backup.
# How LVM metadata is backed up and archived.
# In LVM, a 'backup' is a copy of the metadata for the current system,
# and an 'archive' contains old metadata configurations. They are
# stored in a human readable text format.
backup {

# Configuration option backup/backup.
# Maintain a backup of the current metadata configuration.
# Think very hard before turning this off!
backup = 1

# Configuration option backup/backup_dir.
# Location of the metadata backup files.
# Remember to back up this directory regularly!
backup_dir = "/etc/lvm/backup"

# Configuration option backup/archive.
# Maintain an archive of old metadata configurations.
# Think very hard before turning this off.
archive = 1

# Configuration option backup/archive_dir.
# Location of the metdata archive files.
# Remember to back up this directory regularly!
archive_dir = "/etc/lvm/archive"

# Configuration option backup/retain_min.
# Minimum number of archives to keep.
retain_min = 10

# Configuration option backup/retain_days.
# Minimum number of days to keep archive files.
retain_days = 30
}

# Configuration section shell.
# Settings for running LVM in shell (readline) mode.
shell {

# Configuration option shell/history_size.
# Number of lines of history to store in ~/.lvm_history.
history_size = 100
}

# Configuration section global.
# Miscellaneous global LVM settings.
global {

# Configuration option global/umask.
# The file creation mask for any files and directories created.
# Interpreted as octal if the first digit is zero.
umask = 077

# Configuration option global/test.
# No on-disk metadata changes will be made in test mode.
# Equivalent to having the -t option on every command.
test = 0

# Configuration option global/units.
# Default value for --units argument.
units = "h"

# Configuration option global/si_unit_consistency.
# Distinguish between powers of 1024 and 1000 bytes.
# The LVM commands distinguish between powers of 1024 bytes,
# e.g. KiB, MiB, GiB, and powers of 1000 bytes, e.g. KB, MB, GB.
# If scripts depend on the old behaviour, disable this setting
# temporarily until they are updated.
si_unit_consistency = 1

# Configuration option global/suffix.
# Display unit suffix for sizes.
# This setting has no effect if the units are in human-readable form
# (global/units = "h") in which case the suffix is always displayed.
suffix = 1

# Configuration option global/activation.
# Enable/disable communication with the kernel device-mapper.
# Disable to use the tools to manipulate LVM metadata without
# activating any logical volumes. If the device-mapper driver
# is not present in the kernel, disabling this should suppress
# the error messages.
activation = 1

# Configuration option global/fallback_to_lvm1.
# Try running LVM1 tools if LVM cannot communicate with DM.
# This option only applies to 2.4 kernels and is provided to help
# switch between device-mapper kernels and LVM1 kernels. The LVM1
# tools need to be installed with .lvm1 suffices, e.g. vgscan.lvm1.
# They will stop working once the lvm2 on-disk metadata format is used.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# fallback_to_lvm1 = 0

# Configuration option global/format.
# The default metadata format that commands should use.
# The -M 1|2 option overrides this setting.
#
# Accepted values:
# lvm1
# lvm2
#
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# format = "lvm2"

# Configuration option global/format_libraries.
# Shared libraries that process different metadata formats.
# If support for LVM1 metadata was compiled as a shared library use
# format_libraries = "liblvm2format1.so"
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/segment_libraries.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/proc.
# Location of proc filesystem.
# This configuration option is advanced.
proc = "/proc"

# Configuration option global/etc.
# Location of /etc system configuration directory.
etc = "/etc"

# Configuration option global/locking_type.
# Type of locking to use.
#
# Accepted values:
# 0
# Turns off locking. Warning: this risks metadata corruption if
# commands run concurrently.
# 1
# LVM uses local file-based locking, the standard mode.
# 2
# LVM uses the external shared library locking_library.
# 3
# LVM uses built-in clustered locking with clvmd.
# This is incompatible with lvmetad. If use_lvmetad is enabled,
# LVM prints a warning and disables lvmetad use.
# 4
# LVM uses read-only locking which forbids any operations that
# might change metadata.
# 5
# Offers dummy locking for tools that do not need any locks.
# You should not need to set this directly; the tools will select
# when to use it instead of the configured locking_type.
# Do not use lvmetad or the kernel device-mapper driver with this
# locking type. It is used by the --readonly option that offers
# read-only access to Volume Group metadata that cannot be locked
# safely because it belongs to an inaccessible domain and might be
# in use, for example a virtual machine image or a disk that is
# shared by a clustered machine.
#
locking_type = 1

# Configuration option global/wait_for_locks.
# When disabled, fail if a lock request would block.
wait_for_locks = 1

# Configuration option global/fallback_to_clustered_locking.
# Attempt to use built-in cluster locking if locking_type 2 fails.
# If using external locking (type 2) and initialisation fails, with
# this enabled, an attempt will be made to use the built-in clustered
# locking. Disable this if using a customised locking_library.
fallback_to_clustered_locking = 1

# Configuration option global/fallback_to_local_locking.
# Use locking_type 1 (local) if locking_type 2 or 3 fail.
# If an attempt to initialise type 2 or type 3 locking failed, perhaps
# because cluster components such as clvmd are not running, with this
# enabled, an attempt will be made to use local file-based locking
# (type 1). If this succeeds, only commands against local VGs will
# proceed. VGs marked as clustered will be ignored.
fallback_to_local_locking = 1

# Configuration option global/locking_dir.
# Directory to use for LVM command file locks.
# Local non-LV directory that holds file-based locks while commands are
# in progress. A directory like /tmp that may get wiped on reboot is OK.
locking_dir = "/run/lock/lvm"

# Configuration option global/prioritise_write_locks.
# Allow quicker VG write access during high volume read access.
# When there are competing read-only and read-write access requests for
# a volume group's metadata, instead of always granting the read-only
# requests immediately, delay them to allow the read-write requests to
# be serviced. Without this setting, write access may be stalled by a
# high volume of read-only requests. This option only affects
# locking_type 1 viz. local file-based locking.
prioritise_write_locks = 1

# Configuration option global/library_dir.
# Search this directory first for shared libraries.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/locking_library.
# The external locking library to use for locking_type 2.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# locking_library = "liblvm2clusterlock.so"

# Configuration option global/abort_on_internal_errors.
# Abort a command that encounters an internal error.
# Treat any internal errors as fatal errors, aborting the process that
# encountered the internal error. Please only enable for debugging.
abort_on_internal_errors = 0

# Configuration option global/detect_internal_vg_cache_corruption.
# Internal verification of VG structures.
# Check if CRC matches when a parsed VG is used multiple times. This
# is useful to catch unexpected changes to cached VG structures.
# Please only enable for debugging.
detect_internal_vg_cache_corruption = 0

# Configuration option global/metadata_read_only.
# No operations that change on-disk metadata are permitted.
# Additionally, read-only commands that encounter metadata in need of
# repair will still be allowed to proceed exactly as if the repair had
# been performed (except for the unchanged vg_seqno). Inappropriate
# use could mess up your system, so seek advice first!
metadata_read_only = 0

# Configuration option global/mirror_segtype_default.
# The segment type used by the short mirroring option -m.
# The --type mirror|raid1 option overrides this setting.
#
# Accepted values:
# mirror
# The original RAID1 implementation from LVM/DM. It is
# characterized by a flexible log solution (core, disk, mirrored),
# and by the necessity to block I/O while handling a failure.
# There is an inherent race in the dmeventd failure handling logic
# with snapshots of devices using this type of RAID1 that in the
# worst case could cause a deadlock. (Also see
# devices/ignore_lvm_mirrors.)
# raid1
# This is a newer RAID1 implementation using the MD RAID1
# personality through device-mapper. It is characterized by a
# lack of log options. (A log is always allocated for every
# device and they are placed on the same device as the image,
# so no separate devices are required.) This mirror
# implementation does not require I/O to be blocked while
# handling a failure. This mirror implementation is not
# cluster-aware and cannot be used in a shared (active/active)
# fashion in a cluster.
#
mirror_segtype_default = "raid1"

# Configuration option global/raid10_segtype_default.
# The segment type used by the -i -m combination.
# The --type raid10|mirror option overrides this setting.
# The --stripes/-i and --mirrors/-m options can both be specified
# during the creation of a logical volume to use both striping and
# mirroring for the LV. There are two different implementations.
#
# Accepted values:
# raid10
# LVM uses MD's RAID10 personality through DM. This is the
# preferred option.
# mirror
# LVM layers the 'mirror' and 'stripe' segment types. The layering
# is done by creating a mirror LV on top of striped sub-LVs,
# effectively creating a RAID 0+1 array. The layering is suboptimal
# in terms of providing redundancy and performance.
#
raid10_segtype_default = "raid10"

# Configuration option global/sparse_segtype_default.
# The segment type used by the -V -L combination.
# The --type snapshot|thin option overrides this setting.
# The combination of -V and -L options creates a sparse LV. There are
# two different implementations.
#
# Accepted values:
# snapshot
# The original snapshot implementation from LVM/DM. It uses an old
# snapshot that mixes data and metadata within a single COW
# storage volume and performs poorly when the size of stored data
# passes hundreds of MB.
# thin
# A newer implementation that uses thin provisioning. It has a
# bigger minimal chunk size (64KiB) and uses a separate volume for
# metadata. It has better performance, especially when more data
# is used. It also supports full snapshots.
#
sparse_segtype_default = "thin"

# Configuration option global/lvdisplay_shows_full_device_path.
# Enable this to reinstate the previous lvdisplay name format.
# The default format for displaying LV names in lvdisplay was changed
# in version 2.02.89 to show the LV name and path separately.
# Previously this was always shown as /dev/vgname/lvname even when that
# was never a valid path in the /dev filesystem.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# lvdisplay_shows_full_device_path = 0

# Configuration option global/use_lvmetad.
# Use lvmetad to cache metadata and reduce disk scanning.
# When enabled (and running), lvmetad provides LVM commands with VG
# metadata and PV state. LVM commands then avoid reading this
# information from disks which can be slow. When disabled (or not
# running), LVM commands fall back to scanning disks to obtain VG
# metadata. lvmetad is kept updated via udev rules which must be set
# up for LVM to work correctly. (The udev rules should be installed
# by default.) Without a proper udev setup, changes in the system's
# block device configuration will be unknown to LVM, and ignored
# until a manual 'pvscan --cache' is run. If lvmetad was running
# while use_lvmetad was disabled, it must be stopped, use_lvmetad
# enabled, and then started. When using lvmetad, LV activation is
# switched to an automatic, event-based mode. In this mode, LVs are
# activated based on incoming udev events that inform lvmetad when
# PVs appear on the system. When a VG is complete (all PVs present),
# it is auto-activated. The auto_activation_volume_list setting
# controls which LVs are auto-activated (all by default.)
# When lvmetad is updated (automatically by udev events, or directly
# by pvscan --cache), devices/filter is ignored and all devices are
# scanned by default. lvmetad always keeps unfiltered information
# which is provided to LVM commands. Each LVM command then filters
# based on devices/filter. This does not apply to other, non-regexp,
# filtering settings: component filters such as multipath and MD
# are checked during pvscan --cache. To filter a device and prevent
# scanning from the LVM system entirely, including lvmetad, use
# devices/global_filter.
use_lvmetad = 1

# Configuration option global/use_lvmlockd.
# Use lvmlockd for locking among hosts using LVM on shared storage.
# See lvmlockd(8) for more information.
use_lvmlockd = 0

# Configuration option global/lvmlockd_lock_retries.
# Retry lvmlockd lock requests this many times.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# lvmlockd_lock_retries = 3

# Configuration option global/sanlock_lv_extend.
# Size in MiB to extend the internal LV holding sanlock locks.
# The internal LV holds locks for each LV in the VG, and after enough
# LVs have been created, the internal LV needs to be extended. lvcreate
# will automatically extend the internal LV when needed by the amount
# specified here. Setting this to 0 disables the automatic extension
# and can cause lvcreate to fail.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# sanlock_lv_extend = 256

# Configuration option global/thin_check_executable.
# The full path to the thin_check command.
# LVM uses this command to check that a thin metadata device is in a
# usable state. When a thin pool is activated and after it is
# deactivated, this command is run. Activation will only proceed if
# the command has an exit status of 0. Set to "" to skip this check.
# (Not recommended.) Also see thin_check_options.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_check_executable = "/usr/sbin/thin_check"

# Configuration option global/thin_dump_executable.
# The full path to the thin_dump command.
# LVM uses this command to dump thin pool metadata.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_dump_executable = "/usr/sbin/thin_dump"

# Configuration option global/thin_repair_executable.
# The full path to the thin_repair command.
# LVM uses this command to repair a thin metadata device if it is in
# an unusable state. Also see thin_repair_options.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_repair_executable = "/usr/sbin/thin_repair"

# Configuration option global/thin_check_options.
# List of options passed to the thin_check command.
# With thin_check version 2.1 or newer you can add the option
# --ignore-non-fatal-errors to let it pass through ignorable errors
# and fix them later. With thin_check version 3.2 or newer you should
# include the option --clear-needs-check-flag.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_check_options = [ "-q", "--clear-needs-check-flag" ]

# Configuration option global/thin_repair_options.
# List of options passed to the thin_repair command.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# thin_repair_options = [ "" ]

# Configuration option global/thin_disabled_features.
# Features to not use in the thin driver.
# This can be helpful for testing, or to avoid using a feature that is
# causing problems. Features include: block_size, discards,
# discards_non_power_2, external_origin, metadata_resize,
# external_origin_extend, error_if_no_space.
#
# Example
# thin_disabled_features = [ "discards", "block_size" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/cache_disabled_features.
# Features to not use in the cache driver.
# This can be helpful for testing, or to avoid using a feature that is
# causing problems. Features include: policy_mq, policy_smq.
#
# Example
# cache_disabled_features = [ "policy_smq" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/cache_check_executable.
# The full path to the cache_check command.
# LVM uses this command to check that a cache metadata device is in a
# usable state. When a cached LV is activated and after it is
# deactivated, this command is run. Activation will only proceed if the
# command has an exit status of 0. Set to "" to skip this check.
# (Not recommended.) Also see cache_check_options.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_check_executable = "/usr/sbin/cache_check"

# Configuration option global/cache_dump_executable.
# The full path to the cache_dump command.
# LVM uses this command to dump cache pool metadata.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_dump_executable = "/usr/sbin/cache_dump"

# Configuration option global/cache_repair_executable.
# The full path to the cache_repair command.
# LVM uses this command to repair a cache metadata device if it is in
# an unusable state. Also see cache_repair_options.
# (See package device-mapper-persistent-data or thin-provisioning-tools)
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_repair_executable = "/usr/sbin/cache_repair"

# Configuration option global/cache_check_options.
# List of options passed to the cache_check command.
# With cache_check version 5.0 or newer you should include the option
# --clear-needs-check-flag.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_check_options = [ "-q", "--clear-needs-check-flag" ]

# Configuration option global/cache_repair_options.
# List of options passed to the cache_repair command.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# cache_repair_options = [ "" ]

# Configuration option global/system_id_source.
# The method LVM uses to set the local system ID.
# Volume Groups can also be given a system ID (by vgcreate, vgchange,
# or vgimport.) A VG on shared storage devices is accessible only to
# the host with a matching system ID. See 'man lvmsystemid' for
# information on limitations and correct usage.
#
# Accepted values:
# none
# The host has no system ID.
# lvmlocal
# Obtain the system ID from the system_id setting in the 'local'
# section of an lvm configuration file, e.g. lvmlocal.conf.
# uname
# Set the system ID from the hostname (uname) of the system.
# System IDs beginning localhost are not permitted.
# machineid
# Use the contents of the machine-id file to set the system ID.
# Some systems create this file at installation time.
# See 'man machine-id' and global/etc.
# file
# Use the contents of another file (system_id_file) to set the
# system ID.
#
system_id_source = "none"

# Configuration option global/system_id_file.
# The full path to the file containing a system ID.
# This is used when system_id_source is set to 'file'.
# Comments starting with the character # are ignored.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option global/use_lvmpolld.
# Use lvmpolld to supervise long running LVM commands.
# When enabled, control of long running LVM commands is transferred
# from the original LVM command to the lvmpolld daemon. This allows
# the operation to continue independent of the original LVM command.
# After lvmpolld takes over, the LVM command displays the progress
# of the ongoing operation. lvmpolld itself runs LVM commands to
# manage the progress of ongoing operations. lvmpolld can be used as
# a native systemd service, which allows it to be started on demand,
# and to use its own control group. When this option is disabled, LVM
# commands will supervise long running operations by forking themselves.
use_lvmpolld = 1
}

# Configuration section activation.
activation {

# Configuration option activation/checks.
# Perform internal checks of libdevmapper operations.
# Useful for debugging problems with activation. Some of the checks may
# be expensive, so it's best to use this only when there seems to be a
# problem.
checks = 0

# Configuration option activation/udev_sync.
# Use udev notifications to synchronize udev and LVM.
# The --nodevsync option overrides this setting.
# When disabled, LVM commands will not wait for notifications from
# udev, but continue irrespective of any possible udev processing in
# the background. Only use this if udev is not running or has rules
# that ignore the devices LVM creates. If enabled when udev is not
# running, and LVM processes are waiting for udev, run the command
# 'dmsetup udevcomplete_all' to wake them up.
udev_sync = 1

# Configuration option activation/udev_rules.
# Use udev rules to manage LV device nodes and symlinks.
# When disabled, LVM will manage the device nodes and symlinks for
# active LVs itself. Manual intervention may be required if this
# setting is changed while LVs are active.
udev_rules = 1

# Configuration option activation/verify_udev_operations.
# Use extra checks in LVM to verify udev operations.
# This enables additional checks (and if necessary, repairs) on entries
# in the device directory after udev has completed processing its
# events. Useful for diagnosing problems with LVM/udev interactions.
verify_udev_operations = 0

# Configuration option activation/retry_deactivation.
# Retry failed LV deactivation.
# If LV deactivation fails, LVM will retry for a few seconds before
# failing. This may happen because a process run from a quick udev rule
# temporarily opened the device.
retry_deactivation = 1

# Configuration option activation/missing_stripe_filler.
# Method to fill missing stripes when activating an incomplete LV.
# Using 'error' will make inaccessible parts of the device return I/O
# errors on access. You can instead use a device path, in which case,
# that device will be used in place of missing stripes. Using anything
# other than 'error' with mirrored or snapshotted volumes is likely to
# result in data corruption.
# This configuration option is advanced.
missing_stripe_filler = "error"

# Configuration option activation/use_linear_target.
# Use the linear target to optimize single stripe LVs.
# When disabled, the striped target is used. The linear target is an
# optimised version of the striped target that only handles a single
# stripe.
use_linear_target = 1

# Configuration option activation/reserved_stack.
# Stack size in KiB to reserve for use while devices are suspended.
# Insufficent reserve risks I/O deadlock during device suspension.
reserved_stack = 64

# Configuration option activation/reserved_memory.
# Memory size in KiB to reserve for use while devices are suspended.
# Insufficent reserve risks I/O deadlock during device suspension.
reserved_memory = 8192

# Configuration option activation/process_priority.
# Nice value used while devices are suspended.
# Use a high priority so that LVs are suspended
# for the shortest possible time.
process_priority = -18

# Configuration option activation/volume_list.
# Only LVs selected by this list are activated.
# If this list is defined, an LV is only activated if it matches an
# entry in this list. If this list is undefined, it imposes no limits
# on LV activation (all are allowed).
#
# Accepted values:
# vgname
# The VG name is matched exactly and selects all LVs in the VG.
# vgname/lvname
# The VG name and LV name are matched exactly and selects the LV.
# @tag
# Selects an LV if the specified tag matches a tag set on the LV
# or VG.
# @*
# Selects an LV if a tag defined on the host is also set on the LV
# or VG. See tags/hosttags. If any host tags exist but volume_list
# is not defined, a default single-entry list containing '@*' is
# assumed.
#
# Example
# volume_list = [ "vg1", "vg2/lvol1", "@tag1", "@*" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option activation/auto_activation_volume_list.
# Only LVs selected by this list are auto-activated.
# This list works like volume_list, but it is used only by
# auto-activation commands. It does not apply to direct activation
# commands. If this list is defined, an LV is only auto-activated
# if it matches an entry in this list. If this list is undefined, it
# imposes no limits on LV auto-activation (all are allowed.) If this
# list is defined and empty, i.e. "[]", then no LVs are selected for
# auto-activation. An LV that is selected by this list for
# auto-activation, must also be selected by volume_list (if defined)
# before it is activated. Auto-activation is an activation command that
# includes the 'a' argument: --activate ay or -a ay. The 'a' (auto)
# argument for auto-activation is meant to be used by activation
# commands that are run automatically by the system, as opposed to LVM
# commands run directly by a user. A user may also use the 'a' flag
# directly to perform auto-activation. Also see pvscan(8) for more
# information about auto-activation.
#
# Accepted values:
# vgname
# The VG name is matched exactly and selects all LVs in the VG.
# vgname/lvname
# The VG name and LV name are matched exactly and selects the LV.
# @tag
# Selects an LV if the specified tag matches a tag set on the LV
# or VG.
# @*
# Selects an LV if a tag defined on the host is also set on the LV
# or VG. See tags/hosttags. If any host tags exist but volume_list
# is not defined, a default single-entry list containing '@*' is
# assumed.
#
# Example
# volume_list = [ "vg1", "vg2/lvol1", "@tag1", "@*" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option activation/read_only_volume_list.
# LVs in this list are activated in read-only mode.
# If this list is defined, each LV that is to be activated is checked
# against this list, and if it matches, it is activated in read-only
# mode. This overrides the permission setting stored in the metadata,
# e.g. from --permission rw.
#
# Accepted values:
# vgname
# The VG name is matched exactly and selects all LVs in the VG.
# vgname/lvname
# The VG name and LV name are matched exactly and selects the LV.
# @tag
# Selects an LV if the specified tag matches a tag set on the LV
# or VG.
# @*
# Selects an LV if a tag defined on the host is also set on the LV
# or VG. See tags/hosttags. If any host tags exist but volume_list
# is not defined, a default single-entry list containing '@*' is
# assumed.
#
# Example
# volume_list = [ "vg1", "vg2/lvol1", "@tag1", "@*" ]
#
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option activation/raid_region_size.
# Size in KiB of each raid or mirror synchronization region.
# For raid or mirror segment types, this is the amount of data that is
# copied at once when initializing, or moved at once by pvmove.
raid_region_size = 512

# Configuration option activation/error_when_full.
# Return errors if a thin pool runs out of space.
# The --errorwhenfull option overrides this setting.
# When enabled, writes to thin LVs immediately return an error if the
# thin pool is out of data space. When disabled, writes to thin LVs
# are queued if the thin pool is out of space, and processed when the
# thin pool data space is extended. New thin pools are assigned the
# behavior defined here.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# error_when_full = 0

# Configuration option activation/readahead.
# Setting to use when there is no readahead setting in metadata.
#
# Accepted values:
# none
# Disable readahead.
# auto
# Use default value chosen by kernel.
#
readahead = "auto"

# Configuration option activation/raid_fault_policy.
# Defines how a device failure in a RAID LV is handled.
# This includes LVs that have the following segment types:
# raid1, raid4, raid5*, and raid6*.
# If a device in the LV fails, the policy determines the steps
# performed by dmeventd automatically, and the steps perfomed by the
# manual command lvconvert --repair --use-policies.
# Automatic handling requires dmeventd to be monitoring the LV.
#
# Accepted values:
# warn
# Use the system log to warn the user that a device in the RAID LV
# has failed. It is left to the user to run lvconvert --repair
# manually to remove or replace the failed device. As long as the
# number of failed devices does not exceed the redundancy of the LV
# (1 device for raid4/5, 2 for raid6), the LV will remain usable.
# allocate
# Attempt to use any extra physical volumes in the VG as spares and
# replace faulty devices.
#
raid_fault_policy = "warn"

# Configuration option activation/mirror_image_fault_policy.
# Defines how a device failure in a 'mirror' LV is handled.
# An LV with the 'mirror' segment type is composed of mirror images
# (copies) and a mirror log. A disk log ensures that a mirror LV does
# not need to be re-synced (all copies made the same) every time a
# machine reboots or crashes. If a device in the LV fails, this policy
# determines the steps perfomed by dmeventd automatically, and the steps
# performed by the manual command lvconvert --repair --use-policies.
# Automatic handling requires dmeventd to be monitoring the LV.
#
# Accepted values:
# remove
# Simply remove the faulty device and run without it. If the log
# device fails, the mirror would convert to using an in-memory log.
# This means the mirror will not remember its sync status across
# crashes/reboots and the entire mirror will be re-synced. If a
# mirror image fails, the mirror will convert to a non-mirrored
# device if there is only one remaining good copy.
# allocate
# Remove the faulty device and try to allocate space on a new
# device to be a replacement for the failed device. Using this
# policy for the log is fast and maintains the ability to remember
# sync state through crashes/reboots. Using this policy for a
# mirror device is slow, as it requires the mirror to resynchronize
# the devices, but it will preserve the mirror characteristic of
# the device. This policy acts like 'remove' if no suitable device
# and space can be allocated for the replacement.
# allocate_anywhere
# Not yet implemented. Useful to place the log device temporarily
# on the same physical volume as one of the mirror images. This
# policy is not recommended for mirror devices since it would break
# the redundant nature of the mirror. This policy acts like
# 'remove' if no suitable device and space can be allocated for the
# replacement.
#
mirror_image_fault_policy = "remove"

# Configuration option activation/mirror_log_fault_policy.
# Defines how a device failure in a 'mirror' log LV is handled.
# The mirror_image_fault_policy description for mirrored LVs also
# applies to mirrored log LVs.
mirror_log_fault_policy = "allocate"

# Configuration option activation/snapshot_autoextend_threshold.
# Auto-extend a snapshot when its usage exceeds this percent.
# Setting this to 100 disables automatic extension.
# The minimum value is 50 (a smaller value is treated as 50.)
# Also see snapshot_autoextend_percent.
# Automatic extension requires dmeventd to be monitoring the LV.
#
# Example
# Using 70% autoextend threshold and 20% autoextend size, when a 1G
# snapshot exceeds 700M, it is extended to 1.2G, and when it exceeds
# 840M, it is extended to 1.44G:
# snapshot_autoextend_threshold = 70
#
snapshot_autoextend_threshold = 100

# Configuration option activation/snapshot_autoextend_percent.
# Auto-extending a snapshot adds this percent extra space.
# The amount of additional space added to a snapshot is this
# percent of its current size.
#
# Example
# Using 70% autoextend threshold and 20% autoextend size, when a 1G
# snapshot exceeds 700M, it is extended to 1.2G, and when it exceeds
# 840M, it is extended to 1.44G:
# snapshot_autoextend_percent = 20
#
snapshot_autoextend_percent = 20

# Configuration option activation/thin_pool_autoextend_threshold.
# Auto-extend a thin pool when its usage exceeds this percent.
# Setting this to 100 disables automatic extension.
# The minimum value is 50 (a smaller value is treated as 50.)
# Also see thin_pool_autoextend_percent.
# Automatic extension requires dmeventd to be monitoring the LV.
#
# Example
# Using 70% autoextend threshold and 20% autoextend size, when a 1G
# thin pool exceeds 700M, it is extended to 1.2G, and when it exceeds
# 840M, it is extended to 1.44G:
# thin_pool_autoextend_threshold = 70
#
thin_pool_autoextend_threshold = 100

# Configuration option activation/thin_pool_autoextend_percent.
# Auto-extending a thin pool adds this percent extra space.
# The amount of additional space added to a thin pool is this
# percent of its current size.
#
# Example
# Using 70% autoextend threshold and 20% autoextend size, when a 1G
# thin pool exceeds 700M, it is extended to 1.2G, and when it exceeds
# 840M, it is extended to 1.44G:
# thin_pool_autoextend_percent = 20
#
thin_pool_autoextend_percent = 20

# Configuration option activation/mlock_filter.
# Do not mlock these memory areas.
# While activating devices, I/O to devices being (re)configured is
# suspended. As a precaution against deadlocks, LVM pins memory it is
# using so it is not paged out, and will not require I/O to reread.
# Groups of pages that are known not to be accessed during activation
# do not need to be pinned into memory. Each string listed in this
# setting is compared against each line in /proc/self/maps, and the
# pages corresponding to lines that match are not pinned. On some
# systems, locale-archive was found to make up over 80% of the memory
# used by the process.
#
# Example
# mlock_filter = [ "locale/locale-archive", "gconv/gconv-modules.cache" ]
#
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option activation/use_mlockall.
# Use the old behavior of mlockall to pin all memory.
# Prior to version 2.02.62, LVM used mlockall() to pin the whole
# process's memory while activating devices.
use_mlockall = 0

# Configuration option activation/monitoring.
# Monitor LVs that are activated.
# The --ignoremonitoring option overrides this setting.
# When enabled, LVM will ask dmeventd to monitor activated LVs.
monitoring = 1

# Configuration option activation/polling_interval.
# Check pvmove or lvconvert progress at this interval (seconds).
# When pvmove or lvconvert must wait for the kernel to finish
# synchronising or merging data, they check and report progress at
# intervals of this number of seconds. If this is set to 0 and there
# is only one thing to wait for, there are no progress reports, but
# the process is awoken immediately once the operation is complete.
polling_interval = 15

# Configuration option activation/auto_set_activation_skip.
# Set the activation skip flag on new thin snapshot LVs.
# The --setactivationskip option overrides this setting.
# An LV can have a persistent 'activation skip' flag. The flag causes
# the LV to be skipped during normal activation. The lvchange/vgchange
# -K option is required to activate LVs that have the activation skip
# flag set. When this setting is enabled, the activation skip flag is
# set on new thin snapshot LVs.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# auto_set_activation_skip = 1

# Configuration option activation/activation_mode.
# How LVs with missing devices are activated.
# The --activationmode option overrides this setting.
#
# Accepted values:
# complete
# Only allow activation of an LV if all of the Physical Volumes it
# uses are present. Other PVs in the Volume Group may be missing.
# degraded
# Like complete, but additionally RAID LVs of segment type raid1,
# raid4, raid5, radid6 and raid10 will be activated if there is no
# data loss, i.e. they have sufficient redundancy to present the
# entire addressable range of the Logical Volume.
# partial
# Allows the activation of any LV even if a missing or failed PV
# could cause data loss with a portion of the LV inaccessible.
# This setting should not normally be used, but may sometimes
# assist with data recovery.
#
activation_mode = "degraded"

# Configuration option activation/lock_start_list.
# Locking is started only for VGs selected by this list.
# The rules are the same as those for volume_list.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.

# Configuration option activation/auto_lock_start_list.
# Locking is auto-started only for VGs selected by this list.
# The rules are the same as those for auto_activation_volume_list.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.
}

# Configuration section metadata.
# This configuration section has an automatic default value.
# metadata {

# Configuration option metadata/pvmetadatacopies.
# Number of copies of metadata to store on each PV.
# The --pvmetadatacopies option overrides this setting.
#
# Accepted values:
# 2
# Two copies of the VG metadata are stored on the PV, one at the
# front of the PV, and one at the end.
# 1
# One copy of VG metadata is stored at the front of the PV.
# 0
# No copies of VG metadata are stored on the PV. This may be
# useful for VGs containing large numbers of PVs.
#
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvmetadatacopies = 1

# Configuration option metadata/vgmetadatacopies.
# Number of copies of metadata to maintain for each VG.
# The --vgmetadatacopies option overrides this setting.
# If set to a non-zero value, LVM automatically chooses which of the
# available metadata areas to use to achieve the requested number of
# copies of the VG metadata. If you set a value larger than the the
# total number of metadata areas available, then metadata is stored in
# them all. The value 0 (unmanaged) disables this automatic management
# and allows you to control which metadata areas are used at the
# individual PV level using pvchange --metadataignore y|n.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# vgmetadatacopies = 0

# Configuration option metadata/pvmetadatasize.
# Approximate number of sectors to use for each metadata copy.
# VGs with large numbers of PVs or LVs, or VGs containing complex LV
# structures, may need additional space for VG metadata. The metadata
# areas are treated as circular buffers, so unused space becomes filled
# with an archive of the most recent previous versions of the metadata.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvmetadatasize = 255

# Configuration option metadata/pvmetadataignore.
# Ignore metadata areas on a new PV.
# The --metadataignore option overrides this setting.
# If metadata areas on a PV are ignored, LVM will not store metadata
# in them.
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvmetadataignore = 0

# Configuration option metadata/stripesize.
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# stripesize = 64

# Configuration option metadata/dirs.
# Directories holding live copies of text format metadata.
# These directories must not be on logical volumes!
# It's possible to use LVM with a couple of directories here,
# preferably on different (non-LV) filesystems, and with no other
# on-disk metadata (pvmetadatacopies = 0). Or this can be in addition
# to on-disk metadata areas. The feature was originally added to
# simplify testing and is not supported under low memory situations -
# the machine could lock up. Never edit any files in these directories
# by hand unless you are absolutely sure you know what you are doing!
# Use the supplied toolset to make changes (e.g. vgcfgrestore).
#
# Example
# dirs = [ "/etc/lvm/metadata", "/mnt/disk2/lvm/metadata2" ]
#
# This configuration option is advanced.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.
# }

# Configuration section report.
# LVM report command output formatting.
# This configuration section has an automatic default value.
# report {

# Configuration option report/compact_output.
# Do not print empty values for all report fields.
# If enabled, all fields that don't have a value set for any of the
# rows reported are skipped and not printed. Compact output is
# applicable only if report/buffered is enabled. If you need to
# compact only specified fields, use compact_output=0 and define
# report/compact_output_cols configuration setting instead.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# compact_output = 0

# Configuration option report/compact_output_cols.
# Do not print empty values for specified report fields.
# If defined, specified fields that don't have a value set for any
# of the rows reported are skipped and not printed. Compact output
# is applicable only if report/buffered is enabled. If you need to
# compact all fields, use compact_output=1 instead in which case
# the compact_output_cols setting is then ignored.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# compact_output_cols = ""

# Configuration option report/aligned.
# Align columns in report output.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# aligned = 1

# Configuration option report/buffered.
# Buffer report output.
# When buffered reporting is used, the report's content is appended
# incrementally to include each object being reported until the report
# is flushed to output which normally happens at the end of command
# execution. Otherwise, if buffering is not used, each object is
# reported as soon as its processing is finished.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# buffered = 1

# Configuration option report/headings.
# Show headings for columns on report.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# headings = 1

# Configuration option report/separator.
# A separator to use on report after each field.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# separator = " "

# Configuration option report/list_item_separator.
# A separator to use for list items when reported.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# list_item_separator = ","

# Configuration option report/prefixes.
# Use a field name prefix for each field reported.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# prefixes = 0

# Configuration option report/quoted.
# Quote field values when using field name prefixes.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# quoted = 1

# Configuration option report/colums_as_rows.
# Output each column as a row.
# If set, this also implies report/prefixes=1.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# colums_as_rows = 0

# Configuration option report/binary_values_as_numeric.
# Use binary values 0 or 1 instead of descriptive literal values.
# For columns that have exactly two valid values to report
# (not counting the 'unknown' value which denotes that the
# value could not be determined).
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# binary_values_as_numeric = 0

# Configuration option report/time_format.
# Set time format for fields reporting time values.
# Format specification is a string which may contain special character
# sequences and ordinary character sequences. Ordinary character
# sequences are copied verbatim. Each special character sequence is
# introduced by the '%' character and such sequence is then
# substituted with a value as described below.
#
# Accepted values:
# %a
# The abbreviated name of the day of the week according to the
# current locale.
# %A
# The full name of the day of the week according to the current
# locale.
# %b
# The abbreviated month name according to the current locale.
# %B
# The full month name according to the current locale.
# %c
# The preferred date and time representation for the current
# locale (alt E)
# %C
# The century number (year/100) as a 2-digit integer. (alt E)
# %d
# The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31).
# (alt O)
# %D
# Equivalent to %m/%d/%y. (For Americans only. Americans should
# note that in other countries%d/%m/%y is rather common. This
# means that in international context this format is ambiguous and
# should not be used.
# %e
# Like %d, the day of the month as a decimal number, but a leading
# zero is replaced by a space. (alt O)
# %E
# Modifier: use alternative local-dependent representation if
# available.
# %F
# Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format).
# %G
# The ISO 8601 week-based year with century as adecimal number.
# The 4-digit year corresponding to the ISO week number (see %V).
# This has the same format and value as %Y, except that if the
# ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year
# is used instead.
# %g
# Like %G, but without century, that is, with a 2-digit year
# (00-99).
# %h
# Equivalent to %b.
# %H
# The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock
# (range 00 to 23). (alt O)
# %I
# The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock
# (range 01 to 12). (alt O)
# %j
# The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366).
# %k
# The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 0 to 23);
# single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %H.)
# %l
# The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 1 to 12);
# single digits are preceded by a blank. (See also %I.)
# %m
# The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12). (alt O)
# %M
# The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59). (alt O)
# %O
# Modifier: use alternative numeric symbols.
# %p
# Either "AM" or "PM" according to the given time value,
# or the corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is
# treated as "PM" and midnight as "AM".
# %P
# Like %p but in lowercase: "am" or "pm" or a corresponding
# string for the current locale.
# %r
# The time in a.m. or p.m. notation. In the POSIX locale this is
# equivalent to %I:%M:%S %p.
# %R
# The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M). For a version including
# the seconds, see %T below.
# %s
# The number of seconds since the Epoch,
# 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)
# %S
# The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 60). (The range is
# up to 60 to allow for occasional leap seconds.) (alt O)
# %t
# A tab character.
# %T
# The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M:%S).
# %u
# The day of the week as a decimal, range 1 to 7, Monday being 1.
# See also %w. (alt O)
# %U
# The week number of the current year as a decimal number,
# range 00 to 53, starting with the first Sunday as the first
# day of week 01. See also %V and %W. (alt O)
# %V
# The ISO 8601 week number of the current year as a decimal number,
# range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has at least
# 4 days in the new year. See also %U and %W. (alt O)
# %w
# The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0.
# See also %u. (alt O)
# %W
# The week number of the current year as a decimal number,
# range 00 to 53, starting with the first Monday as the first day
# of week 01. (alt O)
# %x
# The preferred date representation for the current locale without
# the time. (alt E)
# %X
# The preferred time representation for the current locale without
# the date. (alt E)
# %y
# The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99).
# (alt E, alt O)
# %Y
# The year as a decimal number including the century. (alt E)
# %z
# The +hhmm or -hhmm numeric timezone (that is, the hour and minute
# offset from UTC).
# %Z
# The timezone name or abbreviation.
# %%
# A literal '%' character.
#
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# time_format = "%Y-%m-%d %T %z"

# Configuration option report/devtypes_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'lvm devtypes' command.
# See 'lvm devtypes -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# devtypes_sort = "devtype_name"

# Configuration option report/devtypes_cols.
# List of columns to report for 'lvm devtypes' command.
# See 'lvm devtypes -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# devtypes_cols = "devtype_name,devtype_max_partitions,devtype_description"

# Configuration option report/devtypes_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to report for 'lvm devtypes' command in verbose mode.
# See 'lvm devtypes -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# devtypes_cols_verbose = "devtype_name,devtype_max_partitions,devtype_description"

# Configuration option report/lvs_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'lvs' command.
# See 'lvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# lvs_sort = "vg_name,lv_name"

# Configuration option report/lvs_cols.
# List of columns to report for 'lvs' command.
# See 'lvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# lvs_cols = "lv_name,vg_name,lv_attr,lv_size,pool_lv,origin,data_percent,metadata_percent,move_pv,mirror_log,copy_percent,convert_lv"

# Configuration option report/lvs_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to report for 'lvs' command in verbose mode.
# See 'lvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# lvs_cols_verbose = "lv_name,vg_name,seg_count,lv_attr,lv_size,lv_major,lv_minor,lv_kernel_major,lv_kernel_minor,pool_lv,origin,data_percent,metadata_percent,move_pv,copy_percent,mirror_log,convert_lv,lv_uuid,lv_profile"

# Configuration option report/vgs_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'vgs' command.
# See 'vgs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# vgs_sort = "vg_name"

# Configuration option report/vgs_cols.
# List of columns to report for 'vgs' command.
# See 'vgs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# vgs_cols = "vg_name,pv_count,lv_count,snap_count,vg_attr,vg_size,vg_free"

# Configuration option report/vgs_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to report for 'vgs' command in verbose mode.
# See 'vgs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# vgs_cols_verbose = "vg_name,vg_attr,vg_extent_size,pv_count,lv_count,snap_count,vg_size,vg_free,vg_uuid,vg_profile"

# Configuration option report/pvs_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'pvs' command.
# See 'pvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvs_sort = "pv_name"

# Configuration option report/pvs_cols.
# List of columns to report for 'pvs' command.
# See 'pvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvs_cols = "pv_name,vg_name,pv_fmt,pv_attr,pv_size,pv_free"

# Configuration option report/pvs_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to report for 'pvs' command in verbose mode.
# See 'pvs -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvs_cols_verbose = "pv_name,vg_name,pv_fmt,pv_attr,pv_size,pv_free,dev_size,pv_uuid"

# Configuration option report/segs_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'lvs --segments' command.
# See 'lvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# segs_sort = "vg_name,lv_name,seg_start"

# Configuration option report/segs_cols.
# List of columns to report for 'lvs --segments' command.
# See 'lvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# segs_cols = "lv_name,vg_name,lv_attr,stripes,segtype,seg_size"

# Configuration option report/segs_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to report for 'lvs --segments' command in verbose mode.
# See 'lvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# segs_cols_verbose = "lv_name,vg_name,lv_attr,seg_start,seg_size,stripes,segtype,stripesize,chunksize"

# Configuration option report/pvsegs_sort.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'pvs --segments' command.
# See 'pvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvsegs_sort = "pv_name,pvseg_start"

# Configuration option report/pvsegs_cols.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'pvs --segments' command.
# See 'pvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvsegs_cols = "pv_name,vg_name,pv_fmt,pv_attr,pv_size,pv_free,pvseg_start,pvseg_size"

# Configuration option report/pvsegs_cols_verbose.
# List of columns to sort by when reporting 'pvs --segments' command in verbose mode.
# See 'pvs --segments -o help' for the list of possible fields.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# pvsegs_cols_verbose = "pv_name,vg_name,pv_fmt,pv_attr,pv_size,pv_free,pvseg_start,pvseg_size,lv_name,seg_start_pe,segtype,seg_pe_ranges"
# }

# Configuration section dmeventd.
# Settings for the LVM event daemon.
dmeventd {

# Configuration option dmeventd/mirror_library.
# The library dmeventd uses when monitoring a mirror device.
# libdevmapper-event-lvm2mirror.so attempts to recover from
# failures. It removes failed devices from a volume group and
# reconfigures a mirror as necessary. If no mirror library is
# provided, mirrors are not monitored through dmeventd.
mirror_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2mirror.so"

# Configuration option dmeventd/raid_library.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# raid_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2raid.so"

# Configuration option dmeventd/snapshot_library.
# The library dmeventd uses when monitoring a snapshot device.
# libdevmapper-event-lvm2snapshot.so monitors the filling of snapshots
# and emits a warning through syslog when the usage exceeds 80%. The
# warning is repeated when 85%, 90% and 95% of the snapshot is filled.
snapshot_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2snapshot.so"

# Configuration option dmeventd/thin_library.
# The library dmeventd uses when monitoring a thin device.
# libdevmapper-event-lvm2thin.so monitors the filling of a pool
# and emits a warning through syslog when the usage exceeds 80%. The
# warning is repeated when 85%, 90% and 95% of the pool is filled.
thin_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2thin.so"

# Configuration option dmeventd/executable.
# The full path to the dmeventd binary.
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# executable = "/sbin/dmeventd"
}

# Configuration section tags.
# Host tag settings.
# This configuration section has an automatic default value.
# tags {

# Configuration option tags/hosttags.
# Create a host tag using the machine name.
# The machine name is nodename returned by uname(2).
# This configuration option has an automatic default value.
# hosttags = 0

# Configuration section tags/<tag>.
# Replace this subsection name with a custom tag name.
# Multiple subsections like this can be created. The '@' prefix for
# tags is optional. This subsection can contain host_list, which is a
# list of machine names. If the name of the local machine is found in
# host_list, then the name of this subsection is used as a tag and is
# applied to the local machine as a 'host tag'. If this subsection is
# empty (has no host_list), then the subsection name is always applied
# as a 'host tag'.
#
# Example
# The host tag foo is given to all hosts, and the host tag
# bar is given to the hosts named machine1 and machine2.
# tags { foo { } bar { host_list = [ "machine1", "machine2" ] } }
#
# This configuration section has variable name.
# This configuration section has an automatic default value.
# tag {

# Configuration option tags/<tag>/host_list.
# A list of machine names.
# These machine names are compared to the nodename returned
# by uname(2). If the local machine name matches an entry in
# this list, the name of the subsection is applied to the
# machine as a 'host tag'.
# This configuration option does not have a default value defined.
# }
# }

lvm2 2.02.133-1ubuntu10 / etc / lvm / lvm.conf