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<div class="section" id="mocking-hard-dependencies-new-keyword">
<span id="index-0"></span><h1>Mocking Hard Dependencies (new Keyword)<a class="headerlink" href="#mocking-hard-dependencies-new-keyword" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>One prerequisite to mock hard dependencies is that the code we are trying to test uses autoloading.</p>
<p>Let’s take the following code for an example:</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">App</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Service</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">callExternalService</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$externalService</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">Service\External</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nv">$externalService</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">sendSomething</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$externalService</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">getSomething</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The way we can test this without doing any changes to the code itself is by creating <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/instance_mocking.html"><em>instance mocks</em></a> by using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">overload</span></code> prefix.</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">AppTest</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">Mockery</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ServiceTest</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">\PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">testCallingExternalService</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$param</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Testing'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'overload:App\Service\External'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">shouldReceive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'sendSomething'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">shouldReceive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'getSomething'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">andReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Tested!'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$service</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">\App\Service</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nv">$result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$service</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">callExternalService</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">assertSame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Tested!'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$result</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If we run this test now, it should pass. Mockery does its job and our <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">App\Service</span></code> will use the mocked external service instead of the real one.</p>
<p>The problem with this is when we want to, for example, test the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">App\Service\External</span></code> itself, or if we use that class somewhere else in our tests.</p>
<p>When Mockery overloads a class, because of how PHP works with files, that overloaded class file must not be included otherwise Mockery will throw a “class already exists” exception. This is where autoloading kicks in and makes our job a lot easier.</p>
<p>To make this possible, we’ll tell PHPUnit to run the tests that have overloaded classes in separate processes and to not preserve global state. That way we’ll avoid having the overloaded class included more than once. Of course this has its downsides as these tests will run slower.</p>
<p>Our test example from above now becomes:</p>
<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">AppTest</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">Mockery</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="sd">/**</span>
<span class="sd"> * @runTestsInSeparateProcesses</span>
<span class="sd"> * @preserveGlobalState disabled</span>
<span class="sd"> */</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">ServiceTest</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">\PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">testCallingExternalService</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nv">$param</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Testing'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">mock</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'overload:App\Service\External'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">shouldReceive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'sendSomething'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">with</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$externalMock</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">shouldReceive</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'getSomething'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">once</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">andReturn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Tested!'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$service</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">\App\Service</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nv">$result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$service</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">callExternalService</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$param</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">assertSame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Tested!'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$result</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
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