/usr/include/linbox/field/NTL/ntl-ZZ_p.h is in liblinbox-dev 1.3.2-1.1build2.
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* Copyright (C) 1999-2005 William J Turner,
* 2001 Bradford Hovinen
* Copyright (C) 2011 LinBox
*
* Written by W. J. Turner <wjturner@acm.org>,
* Bradford Hovinen <hovinen@cis.udel.edu>
*
*
* ========LICENCE========
* This file is part of the library LinBox.
*
* LinBox is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
* ========LICENCE========
*.
*/
/*! @file field/NTL/ntl-ZZ_p.h
* @ingroup field
* @ingroup NTL
* @brief NO DOC
*/
#ifndef __LINBOX_field_ntl_zz_p_H
#define __LINBOX_field_ntl_zz_p_H
#ifndef __LINBOX_HAVE_NTL
#error "you need NTL here"
#endif
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <NTL/ZZ_p.h>
#include <NTL/ZZ.h>
#include "linbox/linbox-config.h"
#include "linbox/util/debug.h"
#include "linbox/field/unparametric.h"
#include "linbox/randiter/unparametric.h"
#include "linbox/field/field-traits.h"
#include "linbox/integer.h"
namespace Givaro
{
/** Conversion of field element to an Integer.
* This function assumes the output field element x has already been
* constructed, but that it is not already initialized.
* This done by converting to a std::string : inefficient but correct.
* @return reference to Integer.
* @param x reference to Integer to contain output (reference returned).
* @param y constant reference to field element.
*/
template <>
Integer& Caster(Integer& x, const NTL::ZZ_p& y)
{
NTL::ZZ iy = y._ZZ_p__rep;
long nb = NTL::NumBytes(iy);
unsigned char *txt;
typedef unsigned char u_char;
txt = new u_char[nb + 68];
// if (!txt) Error("out of memory");
BytesFromZZ(txt, iy, nb);
x = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
x += Integer( (unsigned long)txt[i] )<<(8*i) ;
}
delete [] txt;
return x;
}
//dpritcha
template<>
double& Caster(double& x, const NTL::ZZ_p& y)
{
x = NTL::to_double(NTL::rep(y));
return x;
}
/**\brief Initialization of field element from an Integer.
* Behaves like C++ allocator construct.
* This function assumes the output field element x has already been
* constructed, but that it is not already initialized.
* This done by converting to a std::string : inefficient but correct.
* @return reference to field element.
* @param x field element to contain output (reference returned).
* @param y Integer.
\ingroup field
*/
template <>
NTL::ZZ_p& Caster(NTL::ZZ_p& x, const Integer& y)
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( NTL::to_ZZ( (static_cast<const std::string>(y)).c_str() ) );
}
template <>
NTL::ZZ_p& Caster(NTL::ZZ_p& x, const double& y)
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( NTL::to_ZZ((long)(y) ) );
}
template <>
NTL::ZZ_p& Caster(NTL::ZZ_p& x, const int& y)
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( NTL::to_ZZ((long)(y) ) );
}
template <>
NTL::ZZ_p& Caster(NTL::ZZ_p& x, const unsigned long& y)
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( NTL::to_ZZ((long)(y) ) );
}
template <>
NTL::ZZ_p& Caster(NTL::ZZ_p& x, const unsigned int& y)
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( NTL::to_ZZ((long)(y) ) );
}
} // namespace Givaro
// Namespace in which all LinBox library code resides
namespace LinBox
{
class NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser {
public :
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser( const Integer & q, size_t e = 1) {
linbox_check(e == 1);
if ( q > 0 )
NTL::ZZ_p::init(NTL::to_ZZ((std::string(q)).data())); // it's an error if q not prime, e not 1
}
template <class ElementInt>
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser(const ElementInt& d) {
NTL::ZZ_p::init (NTL::to_ZZ(d));
}
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser (const NTL::ZZ& d) {
NTL::ZZ_p::init(d);
}
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser () { }
};
/**
*
* @brief Wrapper of zz_p from NTL.
* Uses nice mod p via floating pt trick.
*
*/
struct NTL_ZZ_p: public NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser, public FFPACK::UnparametricOperations<NTL::ZZ_p> {
typedef NTL::ZZ_p Element ;
typedef FFPACK::UnparametricOperations<Element> Father_t ;
typedef UnparametricRandIter<Element> RandIter;
const Element zero,one,mOne ;
/** @name NTL_ZZ_p
* @brief Arbitrary precision integers modulus a positive integer.
* While NTL allows any integer to serve as the modulus, only prime
* moduli yield fields. Therefore, while arthmetic operations may be
* valid for any modulus, only prime moduli are supported in this
* implementation. The primality of the modulus will not be checked, so
* it is the programmer's responsibility to supply a prime modulus.
* These specializations allow the \ref UnparametricField template class to be
* used to wrap NTL's <code>ZZ_p</code> class as a LinBox field.
*/
//@{
//! @param q,e
NTL_ZZ_p(integer q, size_t e = 1) :
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser(q,e),Father_t ()
,zero( NTL::to_ZZ_p(0)),one( NTL::to_ZZ_p(1)),mOne(-one)
{
// no default - allow initialization of ZZ_p directly by user.
}
//! @param d,e
NTL_ZZ_p( NTL::ZZ d, size_t e = 1) :
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser(d),Father_t()
,zero( NTL::to_ZZ_p(0)),one( NTL::to_ZZ_p(1)),mOne(-one)
{
linbox_check(e == 1);
}
//! NULL constructor
NTL_ZZ_p() :
NTL_ZZ_p_Initialiser(), Father_t()
,zero( NTL::to_ZZ_p(0)),one( NTL::to_ZZ_p(1)),mOne(-one)
{}
//@}
Element& init(Element& x, const integer& y) const
{
return Caster(x,y);
}
Element& init(Element& x, const double& y) const
{
double z = fmod(y,NTL::to_double(Element::modulus()));
if (z > 0) z += 0.5;
else z -= 0.5;
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p(static_cast<long>(z)); //rounds towards 0
}
/** Specialization for NTL::ZZ
*
* @return reference to field element.
* @param x field element to contain output (reference returned)
* @param y NTL::ZZ.
*/
Element& init(Element& x, const NTL::ZZ& y) const
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( y );
}
Element& init(Element& x) const
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p( 0L );
}
Element& init(Element& x, const Element& y) const
{
return x = y ;
}
template <class ANY> //dpritcha--FIX
Element& init(Element& x, const ANY& y) const
{
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p((long)(y));
}
/** Specialization for NTL::ZZ.
*
* @return reference to NTL::ZZ
* @param x NTL::ZZ to contain output (reference returned).
* @param y constant reference to field element.
*/
NTL::ZZ& convert(NTL::ZZ& x, const Element& y) const
{
return x = y._ZZ_p__rep;
}
/** Conversion of field element to an integer.
* This function assumes the output field element x has already been
* constructed, but that it is not already initialized.
* This done by converting to a std::string : inefficient but correct.
* @return reference to integer.
* @param x reference to integer to contain output (reference returned).
* @param y constant reference to field element.
*/
integer& convert(integer& x, const Element& y) const
{
NTL::ZZ iy = y._ZZ_p__rep;
long nb = NTL::NumBytes(iy);
unsigned char *txt;
typedef unsigned char u_char;
txt = new u_char[nb + 68];
// if (!txt) Error("out of memory");
BytesFromZZ(txt, iy, nb);
x = 0;
for (long i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
x += LinBox::integer( (unsigned long)txt[i] )<<(8*i) ;
}
delete [] txt;
return x;
};
double& convert(double& x, const Element& y) const
{
x = NTL::to_double(NTL::rep(y));
return x;
}
template <class ANY>
ANY& convert(ANY& x, const Element& y) const
{
return x = (ANY)(rep(y));
}
static inline integer getMaxModulus()
{
return integer( -1 );
}
Element& pow( Element& res, const Element& x, long exp ) const
{
NTL::power( res, x, exp );
return res;
}
Element& powin( Element& x, long exp ) const
{
return x = NTL::power(x,exp);
}
/** Cardinality.
* Return integer representing cardinality of the field.
* Returns the modulus of the field, which should be prime.
* @return integer representing cardinality of the field
*/
integer& cardinality(integer& c) const
{
return c = static_cast<integer>(to_long(Element::modulus()));
}
integer cardinality() const
{
return static_cast<integer>(to_long(Element::modulus()));
}
/** Characteristic.
* Return integer representing characteristic of the field.
* Returns the modulus of the field, which should be prime.
* @return integer representing characteristic of the field.
*/
integer& characteristic(integer& c) const
//FIXME we shouldn't go thru long here as p may be larger than that.
// check if NTL has cast ZZp to gmp integers.
{
return c = static_cast<integer>(to_long(Element::modulus()));
}
size_t& characteristic(size_t & c) const
{
return c = to_long(Element::modulus());
}
integer characteristic() const
{
return static_cast<integer>(to_long(Element::modulus()));
}
/** Multiplicative Inverse.
* x = 1 / y
* This function assumes both field elements have already been
* constructed and initialized.
* @return reference to x.
* @param x field element (reference returned).
* @param y field element.
*/
Element&
inv(Element& x, const Element& y) const
{
return x = NTL::inv(y);
}
/** Zero equality.
* Test if field element is equal to zero.
* This function assumes the field element has already been
* constructed and initialized.
* In this specialization, NTL's IsZero function is called.
* @return boolean true if equals zero, false if not.
* @param x field element.
*/
bool isZero(const Element& x) const
{
return static_cast<bool>(IsZero(x));
}
/** One equality.
* Test if field element is equal to one.
* This function assumes the field element has already been
* constructed and initialized.
* In this specialization, NTL's IsOne function is called.
* @return boolean true if equals one, false if not.
* @param x field element.
*/
bool isOne(const Element& x) const
{
return static_cast<bool>(IsOne(x));
}
/** Inplace Multiplicative Inverse.
* x = 1 / x
* This function assumes both field elements have already been
* constructed and initialized.
* @return reference to x.
* @param x field element (reference returned).
*/
Element& invin(Element& x) const
{
return x = NTL::inv(x);
}
/** Print field.
* @return output stream to which field is written.
* @param os output stream to which field is written.
*/
std::ostream& write(std::ostream& os) const
{
return os << "unparameterized field Element with p = "
<< Element::modulus();
}
/** Print field.
* @return output stream to which field is written.
* @param os output stream to which field is written.
* @param x
*/
std::ostream &write (std::ostream &os, const Element &x) const
{
return FFPACK::UnparametricOperations<Element>::write(os,x);
}
};
template <class Ring>
struct ClassifyRing;
template <>
struct ClassifyRing<NTL_ZZ_p > {
typedef RingCategories::ModularTag categoryTag;
};
/// Constructor for random field element generator
template <>
class UnparametricRandIter<NTL::ZZ_p> {
protected:
integer _size,_seed;
public:
UnparametricRandIter<NTL::ZZ_p> (const NTL_ZZ_p & F,
const integer& size = 0,
const integer& seed = 0) :
_size(size), _seed(seed)
{
if (_seed == integer(0)) _seed = integer(time(NULL));
integer cardinality;
F.cardinality(cardinality);
if (_size > cardinality)
_size = 0;
#ifdef TRACE
std::cout << "created random generator with size " << _size
<< " and seed " << _seed << std::endl;
#endif // TRACE
// Seed random number generator
NTL::SetSeed(NTL::to_ZZ(static_cast<long>(_seed)));
}
// UnparametricRandIter<NTL::ZZ_p>(const NTL_ZZ_p& R) :
// _size(R._size), _seed(R._seed)
// {
// if(_seed == 0)
// NTL::SetSeed(NTL::to_ZZ(time(0)));
// else
// NTL::SetSeed(NTL::to_ZZ( static_cast<long>(_seed)) );
// }
/// Random field element creator.
NTL::ZZ_p& random(NTL::ZZ_p& x) const
{
if (_size == 0) {
return x = NTL::random_ZZ_p();
}
else {
return x = NTL::to_ZZ_p(NTL::RandomBnd(static_cast<long>(_size)));
}
}
};
} // namespace LinBox
#endif // __LINBOX_field_ntl_zz_p_H
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